Kiyoshi Murakawa

The Quadrupole Moment of V51

The hyperfine structure (hfs) of the spectrum of V I was investigated. From the hfs of λ 4851 the quadrupole coupling constant of the ground Level 3 d 3 4 s 2 4 F 3/2 was deduced. Assuming that the screening correction for the d -electron of V I is 13, the quadrupole moment of V 51 was calculated to be (0.2 8 ±0.15)10 -24 cm 2 , in which the polarization correction due to Sternheimer is taken into account. The indicated probable error does not include the uncertainty of the screening correction of the d -electron. In addition to the hfs of λ 4851, the hfs of λλ 4881, 4875, 4832, 4594, 4330 were measured, and the interval factors of the quartet levels 3 d 3 4 s 2 4 F and of 3 d 3 4 s 4 p 4 G 11/2 were obtained.

Nuclear Moments of Yb173

The hyperfine structure (hfs) of the spectrum of ytterbium was studied, using separated isotopes 171 and 173 as well as natural ytterbium. The nuclear moment ratio µ(171)/µ(173)=-0.7248±0.0008 was obtained; and from the known value of µ(171) the value µ(173)=-0.6802±0.0010 nm was obtained. The nuclear quadrupole moment of Yb 173 deduced from the levels 6 s 6 p 3 P 1 and 3 P 2 is 3.1±0.2 b without shielding correction. The method of the calculation is discussed.

On Some Regularities in the Isotope Effect in the Spectrum of Lead. Part II

The hyperfine structures of the Pb I lines λλ 5201, 5005, 7228, 4168, 4062, 4020, 3740, 3672, 3573, 4058, 2873, 3683, 3640, 2833 and Pb II lines λλ 6660, 4386.4, 5042.5, 4153 and Pb III line λ 4182.5 were measured, and the ratio of the distances of the adjacent even isotope components Δ ν(206-204)/ Δ ν(208-206) was determined to be 0.905±0.010. The ratio Δ ν(207-206)/ Δ ν(208-207) was found to be constant for all lines (except λ 4062) within experimental error and was found to be 0.615±0.008. The anomaly found in the case of λ 4062 is interpreted to be due to a perturbation.

Hyperfine Structure of the Spectrum of Ruthenium Part III

The hyperfine structure of the spectrum of Ru I was studied, and it was found that the ratio of the distances of the components due to the even isotopes is given by Δ(104-102) : Δ(102-100) : Δ(100-96)/2=1 : 1.05±0.10 : 0.75±0.15. There is reason to suppose that the shift Δ(98-96) is anomalously small compared with the shift Δ(104-102) or Δ(102-100). The magnetic moments of the odd isotopes were calculated to be µ(Ru 101 )=-0.69±0.15 nm, and µ(Ru 99 )=-0.63±0.15 nm.

Quadrupole Moment of La139

Study of the hyperfine structure of the spectra of La I and La II yielded the result that the quadrupole moment of La 139 is (0.9±0.1)×10 -24 cm 2 . The construction of the light source (liquid-air cooled hollow cathode discharge tude) is described in detail.

Quadrupole Moment of Nb93 and Test of the Hyperfine Structure Formulas

The hyperfine structure (hfs) of the spectrum of Nb I was studied by means of a liquid-air-cooled hollow cathode discharge tube and a Fabry-Perot etalon. The quadrupole moment of Nb 93 was deduced to be -0.29 barn and -0.20 barn (1 barn=10 -24 cm 2 ) from the levels 4 d 3 5 s 2 4 F 3/2 and 4 d 4 5 s 6 D 3/2 respectively, in which no shielding correction is included. Assuming that the shielding correction in this case is zero, we get Q (Nb 93 )=-0.2 5 ±0.1 5 barn. The interval factors of the levels 4 d 3 5 s 2 4 F 3/2, 5/2, 7/2, 9/2 and 4 d 4 5 s 6 D 3/2, 5/2, 7/2, 9/2 were measured and compared with hfs formulas, and a small but definite discrepancy was detected.

Hyperfine Structure of the Spectrum of Cu I and Test of the Hyperfine Structure Formulas

The hyperfine structure (hfs) of the levels 3 d 9 4 s 2 2 D 5/2 and 2 D 3/2 was measured and compared with the usual hfs formulas for d -electrons, and a discrepancy between theory and experiment was found. This can be phenomenplogically interpreted by assuming that the values of are different for 3 d 5/2 - and 3 d 3/2 -electrons, namely =7.4 and 8.0 for 3 d 5/2 - and 3 d 4/2 -electrons respectively, where r is measured in unit of hydrogen atom radius.

Calculation of the Quadratic Stark Effect in Alkali Atoms

General formulas for deducing the quadratic Stark effect constant in any alkali atom are derived. The result of numerical calculations for the first resonance lines of alkali atoms (Li I, Na I, K I, Rb I, Cs I and Ca II) and the second resonance lines of Cs I is tabulated.

Multiplet Structure and Hyperfine Structure of the Spectrum of Mercury

Analysis of the spectrum of Hg I resulted in locating the level 5 d 9 6 s 2 6 p 1 F 3 in the range 4392–4139 cm -1 measured from the ionization limit or 79792–80045 cm -1 measured from the normal state. The compositions of some levels of the configurations 5 d 9 6 s 2 6 p and 5d 10 6 s 6 p were calculated. The hfs of some lines of the mercury spectrum was measured, using enriched isotope as well as natural mercury. The quadrupole moment of Hg 201 that was deduced from the hfs of 5 d 9 6 s 2 6 p 1 D 2 is 0.43 barn (1 barn=10 -24 cm 2 ), the shielding correction being neglected. If the correction is introduced, this becomes somewhat smaller, but is still in reasonable agreement with the value 0.4 2 barn that was published previously by the author. The agreement seems to indicate that the wave functions for the configuration 5 d 9 6 s 2 6 p given in the present work are accurate enough for calculating the quadrupole moment. It is concluded that Q (Hg 201 )=0.4 2 barn, the shielding correction being included.

Hyperfine Structure of the Spectrum of Pr II

Analysis of the hyperfine structure of the term 4 f 3 ( 4 I )6 s of Pr II resulted a (6 s )=0.426 cm -1 , a 4 f =0.0227 cm -1 . From the value of a (6 s ) the nuclear magnetic moment of Pr was deduced to be µ=+4.0 n.m., in agreement with the value given in the literature. From the value of a 4 f the screening constant σ of the 4 f electron was deduced to be 32.9. The quadrupole moment of Pr was found to be Q =(0.0±0.2)×10 -24 cm 2 . This is in agreement with the value Q =-0.05×10 -24 cm 2 calculated from the data published by Lew regarding the hyperfine structure of the ground term of Pr I.