Kjell Hamrin

Molecular Spectroscopy by Means of ESCA II. Sulfur compounds. Correlation of electron binding energy with structure

Electron spectra from an extensive series of sulfur compounds have been studied. A correlation has been established between the observed position of inner electron lines of sulfur and structure. The influence of structure on the electron binding energies is discussed in terms of a calculated atomic charge, based on the concepts of electronegativity and partial ionic character of bonds. The results are useful for the study of bonding and structure in sulfur chemistry, and are applied particularly to the discussion of the sulfur-oxygen bond (S=O).

Charge transfer in transition metal carbides and related compounds studied by ESCA

Abstract Electron spectroscopic measurements of binding energy shifts of Cl s electrons in Group 4 b , 5 b and 6 b carbides and of core electrons in Ti and V compounds are presented. The results are discussed and compared with X-ray spectroscopic investigations and energy band calculations. It is shown that electrons are transferred from the metal to the carbon atoms when a carbide of this type is formed.

Valence Bands and Core Levels of the Isoelectronic Series LiF, BeO, BN, and Graphite Studied by ESCA

The core lines and valence bands of LiF, BeO, BN and graphite have been studied by the ESCA technique. The energy differences between inner levels and valence bands are compared with X-ray transition energies. The changes in binding energy for the Bels level when going from metal to oxide and fluoride are compared with X-ray spectroscopic data and with a study of the disintegration constant in electron capture of 7Be in the same compounds.

VC, NbC and TaC with varying carbon content studied by ESCA☆

Abstract Electron spectroscopic studies by the ESCA technique of core level electrons in VC, NbC and TaC with varying carbon contents show that the electron transfer from the metal atoms increases with increasing carbon content in the VC phase but decreases in the NbC and TaC phases. The VC phase resembles the TiC phase measured in a previous investigation. The ESCA shifts are compared with heats of formation.

Ionization energies in methane and ethane measured by means of ESCA

Abstract Ionization energies for the molecular orbitals in methane and ethane are obtained by means of the ESCA technique. In methane the 2a 1 electrons are found at a binding energy of 23.1 eV; in ethane the 2a 1 level is split up in two levels due to the interaction between the carbon atoms.

Chemical shifts of auger electron lines and electron binding energies in free molecules. Sulfur compounds

The first paper describing a series of systematic investigations of the chemical shifts in Auger electron spectra from various free molecules is presented. Excitation is performed by means of a fine focus electron beam. The Auger electrons are retarded in a four component lens system and recorded at high resolution in a new multidetector system placed in the focal plane of the ESCA instrument. A calibration procedure against the KL2L3 Auger electron line of Ne is described. The first study concerns Auger electron line shifts for sulfur in some small molecules and the results are compared to the corresponding chemical shifts in the core photoelectron spectra. A formalism based on a transition potential model is briefly presented which takes account of the relaxation energies involved in Auger transitions as well as in single photoionization.

ESCA applied to high temperature molecular beams of bismuth and lead

Abstract An arrangement for ESCA studies of high temperature molecular beams is described. The 4f 7 2 (NVII) electron lines obtained from molecular beams of bismuth and lead by means of Mg Kα excitation are presented. A value for the diatomic:atomic component ratio in the bismuth vapour is determined from the electron spectrum.

The KLL Auger spectrum of fluorine

The KLL Auger spectrum of fluorine (Z=9) has been studied in three different fluoride salts. Five Auger lines are observed in each compound in accordance with extreme LS coupling theory. A cation dependence of the Auger transition energies and line-widths is observed. The energy shifts are in agreement with a theoretical model.

Chemical shift in Auger spectra

Abstract A chemical shift of several eV has been observed for the Auger transition KL 2 L 3 ( 1 D 2 ) in sulfur corresponding to the two oxidation numbers 6 + and 2 − . Comparison is made with electron spectroscopic measurements of chemical shifts of the sulfur K and L levels.

Structure studies of sulphur compounds by esca

Abstract Results, obtained by means of the ESCA-technique (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis), are reported on the correlation between the binding energy of the inner electrons of sulphur and the chemical state and environment, with particular emphasis on the sulphuroxygen bond. A charge-binding energy correlation is established which can be used for the estimation of charge on sulphur in compounds with uncertain structure or composition.