Koichi Ishizaka

Considerations of Regional Characteristics for Delivering City Compactness: Case of Studies of Cities in the Greater Tokyo Area and Tohoku Region, Japan

abstract The concept of sustainability has become a new paradigm in worldwide urban planning and development. The compact city concept has recently been the most popular alternative among sustainable urban development strategies. Although it has become a global strategy, it should also consider the local characteristics of cities. This study, using attributes developed from the main aspects of sustainability, first of all aims at measuring city compactness and some of its tendencies in two different regions within Japan. These are the Greater Tokyo Area, comprised of 110 cities within 4 prefectures, and the Tohoku Region, with 63 cities in 6 prefectures. Secondly, the results of the measurements and appearance of the tendencies will be appropriately discussed to implement future compactness strategy. Of course, clear differences between both regions would carry different policy measures for compactness development in their respective regions. With the cities′ data, which provide appropriate indicators, this study is able to present the conditions of cities based on attributes of city compactness and their tendencies in various types of cities within the two different regions. The results will be useful in preparing an appropriate strategy to deliver more compactness in these cities.

Regional Peculiarities and the Changing Trends of Population Dynamics in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

Abstract This study examines the regional characteristics and population trends in the Tokyo metropolitan area. A Leslie matrix model based on the cohort change rate between two time points was used to analyze local characteristics and the transformation of population trends. The study demonstrates that population decline and the aging process have accelerated in suburban residential areas recently. In contrast, the population of the city center has increased since 2000, and the aging rate is not remarkably different from that of suburban areas. The population change observed in the city center and suburban areas has become increasingly distinct over time.

A STUDY ON INDICATOR OF LOCAL NURSING POTENTIAL

In this study, a system to calculate the quantity of nursing demand and possible nursing supply were developed for every living slot and activities. The local nursing potential and the influence of the local active volunteers were quantified by this system. The results are as followings.1.Considerable potential of nursing supply were observed, while the “pre-advanced aged people” can participate as local volunteers, but in the limit of volunteers active time.2. From 2000 to 2005, while local nursing demand has risen, also the family and local nursing supply has increased, but it is not sufficient.3. At the geographical distribution, high local-nursing-supply potentials were observed at the suburb ring regions, but not at the rural area and built up area.

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTIC OF POTENTIAL EVALUATING PROMPT DEGREE OF LITTERING CIGARETTE In shopping arcades located in Sendai city

Recently, the garbage littering problem is widely pointed. From the long term point of view provisions against littering are necessary not only in soft side but also in hard side. In this study we defined strength which littering is caused, as “Poisute Potential (=PP)” and tried to analyse the spatial distribution characteristic especially about cigarette butt. We examined the influential factor to such as crossing, shop entrance and street furniture. From this analysis, we can say that centralization and the reduction of the littering garbage should be able to be expected by proper installation of street furniture.