Koki Teshirogi

Variations in Mopane Vegetation and its Use by Local People: Comparison of Four Sites in Northern Namibia

The aim of this study was to clarify variation in mopane (Colophospermum mopane) vegetation in northern Namibia, focusing on the differences and commonalities in vegetation structure and tree uses by local people. Four study sites representing different land units classified by landscape, land use patterns, and its use by different ethnic groups were selected. Vegetation surveys at each site found mopane as the dominant species at all sites, although mopane density ranged from 217.1 to 868.7 individual trees/ha among the sites/land units. There were four types of mopane tree shape by tree height and stem number. The ratios of other tree species to mopane differed much among land units and sites. Interviews with the local people on mopane utilization found that they were highly dependent on trees as a resource for fuel and building material, and commonly used mopane at all sites. Although the mopane utilization was similar among all four sites, the non-mopane tree utilization depended on the characteristics of the tree species composition at specific sites. Mopane vegetation was naturally characterised by the dominance of mopane, but the sites were heterogeneous in species composition, mopane tree shape, and its use by local people, which were mutually interrelated.

Distribution and its characteristics of the shrub in Mandalgobi, Southern Mongolia

方法 調査地はモンゴル国ドンドゴビ県、サインツァガーン郡 である。特に県の中心地であるマンダルゴビの南東部を対 象とした.降水量は年変動が大きく、干ばつやゾド(寒冷害) もしばしば発生する。対象地域には家畜を飼養する牧民が 居住している。牧民は主に移動式の住居に居住しており、 季節的に遊動しながら放牧を行っている. 現地調査は 2013 年 9 月、2014 年 1 月,及び 8月に実 施した.灌木の分布を現地で記録して衛星画像解析時の参 照情報にするとともに、対象地域における牧民の樹木利用 や放牧活動について調査した。放牧活動については、対象 地域内で家畜を飼養している牧民のヤギとヒツジにGPS首 輪を取り付け、放牧場所を記録した。 灌木の分布は、空間解像度が 50cm(パンクロ)、2m(マ ルチ)と高いWorldView-2(撮影日:2011 年 7 月 14 日 及び 10月 24日)を利用して抽出した。この解析にはExelis VIS社製ENVI5.1と Feature Extractionモジュールを使用 した。