Kongliang Xie

Flame retardant finishing of cotton fabric based on synergistic compounds containing boron and nitrogen.

Boric acid and compound containing nitrogen, 2,4,6-tri[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl-ammonium)propyl]-1,3,5-triazine chloride (Tri-HTAC) were used to finish cotton fabric. The flame retardant properties of the finished cotton fabrics and the synergetic effects of boron and nitrogen elements were investigated and evaluated by limited oxygen index (LOI) method. The mechanism of cross-linking reaction among cotton fiber, Tri-HTAC, and boric acid was discussed by FTIR and element analysis. The thermal stability and surface morphology of the finished cotton fabrics were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The finishing system of the mixture containing boron and nitrogen showed excellent synergistic flame retardancy for cotton fabric. The cotton fabric finished with mixture system had excellent flame retardancy. The LOI value of the treated cotton fabric increased over 27.5. Tri-HTAC could form covalent bonds with cellulose fiber and boric acid. The flame retardant cotton fabric showed a slight decrease in tensile strength and whiteness. The surface morphology of flame retardant cotton fiber was smooth.

Preparation of the superhydrophobic nano-hybrid membrane containing carbon nanotube based on chitosan and its antibacterial activity

The functional nano-hybrid surface containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on chitosan incorporated with the cationic chitosan (C-CS), MWCNTs and silicon couple agent (KH-560) was designed and prepared. The nano-hybrid membranes (NHM) containing MWCNTs were modified by perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride (PFOSF). The superhydrophobic multi-functional membranes with biological activity and superhydrophobic surface were obtained. The incorporated MWCNTs improved the roughness of the nano-hybrid membranes. The perfluorinated end groups of the nano-hybrid membrane surface provided low energy surface. The antibacterial activity, surface superhydrophobicity and mechanical property of the perfluorinated nano-hybrid membranes (PFNM) were discussed. Their morphological structures and surface ingredients were characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX). The PFNMs had excellent antibacterial property and superhydrophobicity. The novel nano-hybrid membranes with excellent antibacterial, superhydrophbic, and mechanical properties have potential applications in the food engineering, bioengineering fields and medical materials.

Chemical Graft of Cellulose with the Ion-Pair Emulsion Containing the Reactive Groups and Its Dyeing Properties

Chemical graft of cellulose with ion-pair disperse emulsion containing the reactive groups was investigated. The ion-pair disperse systems were consisted of a 1,3,5-triazine derivative containing the reactive groups, 2,4,6-tri[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl-ammonium)propyl]-1,3,5-triazine chloride (Tri-HTAC) and 2,4,-bichloro[(6-sulfanilic acid)-1,3,5-triazine (Bi-CSAT). Compared with unmodified cellulose, the modified cotton exhibited different behavior towards dyeing. The modified cotton could be dyed with reactive dyes without the addition of salt. The color yield was higher than that on untreated cotton, despite of the addition of large amounts of salt in the latter case. Cotton fabric modified with ion-pair disperse emulsion was imparted good level dyeing properties. The dyeing rate was slower in the presence of the ion-pair compounds than that in the present of the only cationic compounds.

Structure and properties of cotton fabrics treated with functionalized dialdehyde chitosan

In this research, modified cotton fabrics were prepared by pad-dry-cure technique from the aldehyde chitosan solution containing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and 1,2-ethanediamine (EDA) respectively. The structural characterization of the modified cotton fabrics was performed by attenuated total reflection ATR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetry (TG) analysis and physical mechanical properties were measured. The adsorption kinetics of modified cotton fabrics were also investigated by using the pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic model. The dyeing rate constant k1, k2 and half adsorption time t1/2 were calculated, respectively. The results show that the mechanical properties of different modified cotton fabrics were improved, and the surface color depth values (K/S), UV index UPF and anti-wrinkle properties were better than those of untreated cotton. Dyeing kinetics data at different temperatures indicate that Direct Pink 12B up-take on the modified cotton fabrics fitted to pseudo second-order kinetic model.

Printing properties of the red reactive dyes with different number sulfonate groups on cotton fabric

Cellulose fabric is an important printing substrate. Four red azo reactive dyes based on 1-naphthol-8-amino-3,6-disulfonic acid for cotton fabric printing were designed. Their UV-Vis spectra and printing properties for cotton were investigated. The relationship between the chemical structures of the dyes and their printing properties on cotton fabric was discussed. The results show that the color yield (K/S) values of the printed fabrics decreased with the increase of sulfonate groups, but the fixation and penetration of the reactive dyes on cotton fabric increased. The reactive dyes with fewer number sulfonate groups were sensitive to alkaline and urea. Whereas, the reactive dyes with numerous sulfonate groups were not sensitive to urea and had good leveling properties, penetration uniformity, and good wet fastness for cotton fabric. Surface wettability of all cotton fabrics printed with four dyes was excellent. It is possible to print cotton fabric urea-free using the reactive dyes with numerous sulfonate groups.

Preparation and Properties of the Emulsions of the Polysiloxane Material Modified with Tertiary Amino Side Chain

A series of the polysiloxane materials modified with tertiary amino groups were synthesized. FTIR, 1H NMR were used to characterize the polysiloxane structure. The emulsions of the modified polysiloxanes are prepared. Some surface properties of the polysiloxane materials with tertiary amino groups as resins were discussed. The results show that the polysiloxane materials modified with tertiary amino side chains had good flexibility and the repellency to water. With increasing the amino value of the polysiloxanes, the flexibility of the fabrics treated with the emulsion was improved. After the samples treated with the polysiloxanes, the thermal yellowing of the polysiloxane had emerged. The whiteness of fabrics treated with the polysiloxane decreased. The K/S of the yellow fabrics treated with the modified polysiloxanes had not obvious change, the K/S of the red and blue fabrics treated with the modified polysiloxanes slightly decreased. The shapes of the reflectance spectra curves of the dyed fabrics treated without and with the modified polysiloxanes had not noticeable change.

Color Analysis of the Nano-Structured Dyed Cellulose Materials containing Inorganic Particles

The nano-structured cellulose containing inorganic particles (SiU2) was prepared by the sol-gel process. The color data of the nanocomposite was analyzed by the colorimetric data of CIELAB. The results show that compared with the dyed fabric without the.pano-particles, the color yield of three color samples (Red, Yellow, Blue) containing nano-structured inorganic particles (SiO2) is enhanced. The color shade of samples containing inorganic particles becomes dark. The color difference of all samples containing nano-structured inorganic particles is observed, and the change of color shade is more significant with the increase of the concentration of nano-particles in the cellulose.

Dispersion of disperse yellow BROB with polymer surfactants and its dyeing property for polyester fabric

Disperse Yellow BROB is an important kind of yellow disperse dyes, being stable under the alkaline condition. Two new dispersion systems of Disperse Yellow BROB, nonionic/anionic and anionic/anionic polymer surfactants, were investigated by particle size analysis and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Amino-terminated polyether (nonionic surfactant L64), and sulfonated amino polyether (anionic surfactant B600), as assisting dispersing agent were applied to grind the dye powder, respectively. Crystal morphological structure of Disperse Yellow BROB was observed by FESEM. Dyeing property of the ground disperse dye under the alkaline condition was discussed. The results show that Disperse Yellow BROB formed stellate crystal in N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF). Two new dispersion systems of the dye had excellent dispersibility and well-distributed particle sizes. The dispersed particle size with anionic/anionic surfactant was finer than that with nonionic/anionic surfactant. Compared with the traditional sodium salt of polycondensated naphthalenesulphonic acid (dispersing agent MF) dispersion system, the dyeing rate of two new dispersion systems under alkaline condition obviously increased. Nonionic/anionic and anionic/anionic surfactant dispersion systems of Disperse Yellow BROB were stable. The excellent dispersion system of disperse dyes could improve the dyeing property of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric.

Grafting printing of cellulose fabric with the reactive disperse dyes containing N-substituted 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl group.

The printed cellulose and its blend materials have wide applications in many high-tech fields. Six new reactive disperse dyes (D1-D6) containing a 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl group based on epichlorohydrin were designed and synthesized. The electronic absorption spectra and their grafting printing property for cotton fabrics were investigated. The grafting mechanism on cotton fabric was also discussed. The results show that these dyes had larger bathochromic shifts in stronger polar solvent, dimethylformamide, than in the weaker polar solvents, acetonitrile and acetone. 3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl functional group of the dyes could form covalent bond with the hydroxyl group on cellulose by a nucleophilic substituted reaction. The good color yields of D1-D6 on printed cotton fabric were obtained by curing at 170-180 °C. The reactive disperse dyes for printing cellulose fabric had good building up and better printing property. The light fastness, rubbing fastness and fastness to perspiration of the printed fabric were good. The reactive disperse dyes have potential application in cleaner production of printing cotton and cotton/polyester blend fabrics.

Crystal morphology, dispersing stability and dyeing property of the disperse dye based on benzisothiazole

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to synthesise a disperse dye based on benzisothiazole and to characterise its crystal morphology, dispersing stability, to study the relationship between the chemical structure and the dyeing property of the dye. Design/methodology/approach The disperse dye based on benzisothiazole, 3-(3-methyl-4-N-ethyl-N-benzyl-phenyldiazenyl)-5-nitro-2,1-benzisothiazoles, was synthesized. The disperse dye based on benzisothiazole, 3-(3-methyl-4-N-ethyl-N-benzyl-phenyldiazenyl)-5-nitro-2,1-benzisothiazoles, was synthesised. The chemical structure of the dye obtained was characterised by infrared spectrum Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR), and the crystal morphology was observed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. Sodium salt of polycondensated naphthalenesulphonic acid (dispersing agent sodium salt of polycondensated naphthalenesulphonic acid [MF]) and a sulphonated amino polyether (anionic surfactant B600) were employed to grind and disperse the dye crystals. The dispersion property of the dye particles was characterised. Dyeing property of the dispersion system was also studied. Findings The dye formed spherical crystals that were made up of a large number of acicular crystals similar to spherical chrysanthemum. The crystals had warping crystal centres inside the spheres. The particle sizes of the dispersion with the mixture of B600 and MF had an uniform distribution and were smaller than that of the dispersion with only single dispersing agent MF. Dyeing with the dispersion system had an excellent reproducibility under alkalinic condition. Practical implications An alkalinic dyeing method for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with disperse dyes as a cleaner wet process had been developed. Such a process combined pretreatment and dyeing process using the alkali-stable disperse dyes and reduced the consumption of water and energy and improved production efficiency. Originality/value The crystal morphology, dispersion and dyeing properties of the synthesised disperse dye for dyeing PET fabric under alkalinic condition were discussed. This disperse dye has an important potential application in alkalinic dyeing method.