Krishna Swarup

Dose-dependent vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in male cyprinoid Cyprinus carpio

Abstract 1. 1. Vitamin D 3 (10IU and 100IU/100 g body weight) and 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 (0.5, 5 and 50 U) were administered daily to unfed male carp Cyprinus carpio for 10 days. The serum calcium and inorganic phosphate levels were measured colorimetrically. 2. 2. The serum calcium level increased significantly in all treated groups; this increase is dose-dependent. 3. 3. The serum inorganic phosphate was elevated in the treated groups on days 3 and 5.

Vitamin D3-induced hypercalcaemia in male catfish, Clarias batrachus

Abstract Injection of vitamin D 3 (5000 IU/100 gm body weight) induces hypercalcaemia in the male catfish Clarias batrachus . This response is accelerated when the fish are maintained in a calcium-rich environment. The tendency toward normocalcaemia is faster in vitamin D 3 -administered animals as compared to the animals which are not given vitamin D 3 and are kept only in a calcium-rich environment.

Dose-dependent vitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in male catfish Clarias batrachus

Abstract 1. 1. Vitamin D 3 (5000 i.u. and 100 i.u./100 g body wt) and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (0.5 unit, 5 units and 500 units/100 g body wt) were administered daily to the male catfish, Clarias batrachus for 17 days. The serum calcium and inorganic phosphate levels were measured colorimetrically. 2. 2. The serum calcium level increased significantly in all the treated groups and is dose-dependent. 3. 3. The serum inorganic phosphate was elevated in the treated groups (except in the group where only 100 units vitamin D 3 /100 g body wt was administered). 4. 4. This is the first report of the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 -induced hypercalcemia in fish.

Calcemic responses of Stannius corpuscle extract in parrotsPsittacula psittacula

In parrots (Psittacula psittacula), i.p. injection of Stannius corpuscle extract (10 mg/ml/100 g b.wt) evokes hypocalcemia at 1 h. Thereafter, the values indicate hypercalcemia at 6 h and normocalcemia at 10 h.

Effect of Calcitonin on Calcitonin Cells, Parathyroid Glands and Serum Electrolytes in the House Shrew (Suncus murinus)

Porcine calcitonin (CT) (0.5 MRC unit daily) was administered intraperitoneally to house shrews, Suncus murinus, for 42 days. The changes in serum calcium and phosphate levels as well as the light microscopical alterations of the parathyroid and calcitonin cells (C cells) between the 1st and 42nd day of treatment were recorded. The serum calcium level shows a fall up to the 7th day of treatment and thereafter it increases to normal values. The hypophosphataemic effect of CT increases progressively throughout the experiment continuing even after the loss of the hypocalcaemic effect. CT administration inhibits the release of secretory granules of C cells up to 21 days. Hyperplasia and degranulation of C cells is observed at 28, 35 and 42 days of treatment. C cells with collapsed membrane are also encountered in the lumina of the thyroid follicles. From the 28th day onwards the parathyroid chief cells of treated animals show hypertrophy and loss of staining reaction.

Occurrence of calcitonin cells and cysts in the parathyroid of the house shrew, Suncus murinus.

The present report deals with the occurrence of calcitonin cells (C cells) and cysts in the parathyroid IV of Suncus murinus. Histological preparations of the thyro-parathyroid complex reveal that (i) the parathyroid IV exhibits C cells either solitarily or in small groups (compact or follicular arrangement); (ii) the parathyroid IV also exhibits cysts (similar to those of the thyroid), the lining of these may contain either few C cells or it may be a continuous lining of C cells; (iii) the lumina of these cysts are filled with debris and desquamated cells with pycnotic nuclei, and (iv) sometimes few C cells are encountered hanging from the epithelial lining inside the lumen of the cyst.

Calcitonin effects on serum calcium level of the freshwater snake, Natrix piscator

Abstract Administration of salmon calcitonin (0.25 MRC mU/g body wt) evoked a decrease in the serum calcium levels of the freshwater snake, Natrix piscator .

Response of calcitonin cells, parathyroid, and serum electrolytes during glucagon-induced hypocalcemia in the mongoose, Herpestes edwardsi (Geoffroy).

In mongooses (Herpestes edwardsi) hypocalcemia was induced by an intravenous injection of crystalline glucagon in a dosage of 0.2 mg/kg body wt. Blood samples from each specimen were taken before the injection (zero time) and after 30, 60, 90, 120, 240, and 360 min following the injection. The serum calcium and inorganic phosphate levels were determined. For histological study, animals were killed at the same time intervals after injection. Specific stains were used for the selective staining of calcitonin cells. Glucagon injection evokes a decreased level of serum calcium and inorganic phosphate. A progressive degranulation of the secretory material of calcitonin cells has been observed at 30 and 60 min after the injection. The parathyroids do not show any significant change.

Calcitonin cells and unusual follicles of the thyroid of the Indian grey mongoose, Herpestes edwardsi (Geoffroy)

Histological preparations of thyroid, parathyroid and thymus glands of Herpestes edwardsi were examined for calcitonin cells. They reveal that (1) the thyroid calcitonin cells are oval, rounded and rarely elongated in shape; these cells and their nuclei are distinctly larger than those of the follicular cells and their nuclei; (2) calcitonin cells are unevenly distributed in the thyroid, with the result that certain portions of the thyroid are completely devoid of these cells; (3) on an average, calcitonin cells are in a ratio of 10-15 cells/100 follicular cells; (4) the parathyroid and thymus glands do not display calcitonin cells, and (5) the thyroid gland displays unusual follicles of two categories, (a) follicles with ciliated epithelial cells and (b) follicles with squamous epithelium.

Serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus level ofRana tigrina in response to glucagon administration

InRana tigrina, i.p. injection of glucagon (1 mg/kg/day) evokes a progressive hypocalcemia up to day 3 which declines after day 5. It also induces hypophosphatemia which continues throughout the experiment.