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Featured researches published by Kristine Kroeker.


JAMA Pediatrics | 2018

Association of Gestational Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Exposure In Utero With the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in First Nations and Non–First Nations Offspring

Brandy Wicklow; Elizabeth Sellers; Atul Sharma; Kristine Kroeker; Nathan C. Nickel; Wanda Philips-Beck; Garry X. Shen

Importance Type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide, disproportionately affecting First Nations (FN) people. Identifying early-life determinants of type 2 diabetes is important to address the intergenerational burden of illness. Objective To investigate the association of in utero exposure to gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes, stratified by FN status, with the development of type 2 diabetes in offspring. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study was derived from the linkage of a pediatric diabetes clinical database and a population-based research data repository in Manitoba, Canada. Mother-infant dyads with a hospital birth or midwifery report in the data repository between April 1, 1984, and April 1, 2008, were identified. The dates of analysis were August through December 2017. Children identified with type 1 diabetes, monogenic diabetes, or secondary diabetes were excluded. Exposures Primary exposures included maternal gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes and FN status. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was incident type 2 diabetes in offspring by age 30 years. Results In this cohort study of 467 850 offspring (mean follow-up, 17.7 years; 51.2% male), FN status and diabetes exposure were associated with incident type 2 diabetes in offspring after adjustment for sex, maternal age, socioeconomic status, birth size, and gestational age. Type 2 diabetes exposure conferred a greater risk to offspring compared with gestational diabetes exposure (3.19 vs 0.80 cases per 1000 person-years, P < .001). Compared with no diabetes exposure, any diabetes exposure accelerated the time to the development of type 2 diabetes in offspring by a factor of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.62-0.90) for gestational diabetes and a factor of 0.50 (95% CI, 0.45-0.57) for type 2 diabetes. First Nations offspring had a higher risk compared with non-FN offspring (0.96 vs 0.14 cases per 1000 person-years, P < .001). First Nations offspring had accelerated type 2 diabetes onset by a factor of 0.52 (95% CI, 0.49-0.55) compared with non-FN offspring. Neither interaction between FN and type 2 diabetes (0.92; 95% CI, 0.80-1.05) nor interaction between FN and gestational diabetes (0.97; 95% CI, 0.77-1.20) was significant (P = .21 and P = .75, respectively). Conclusions and Relevance Important differences exist in offspring risk based on type of diabetes exposure in utero. These findings have implications for future research and clinical practice guidelines, including early pregnancy screening and follow-up of the offspring.


PLOS ONE | 2018

The association of fatigue, pain, depression and anxiety with work and activity impairment in immune mediated inflammatory diseases

Murray W. Enns; Charles N. Bernstein; Kristine Kroeker; Lesley A. Graff; John R. Walker; Lisa M. Lix; Carol A. Hitchon; Renée El-Gabalawy; John D. Fisk; Ruth Ann Marrie

Impairment in work function is a frequent outcome in patients with chronic conditions such as immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID), depression and anxiety disorders. The personal and economic costs of work impairment in these disorders are immense. Symptoms of pain, fatigue, depression and anxiety are potentially remediable forms of distress that may contribute to work impairment in chronic health conditions such as IMID. The present study evaluated the association between pain [Medical Outcomes Study Pain Effects Scale], fatigue [Daily Fatigue Impact Scale], depression and anxiety [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale] and work impairment [Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Scale] in four patient populations: multiple sclerosis (n = 255), inflammatory bowel disease (n = 248, rheumatoid arthritis (n = 154) and a depression and anxiety group (n = 307), using quantile regression, controlling for the effects of sociodemographic factors, physical disability, and cognitive deficits. Each of pain, depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and fatigue individually showed significant associations with work absenteeism, presenteeism, and general activity impairment (quantile regression standardized estimates ranging from 0.3 to 1.0). When the distress variables were entered concurrently into the regression models, fatigue was a significant predictor of work and activity impairment in all models (quantile regression standardized estimates ranging from 0.2 to 0.5). These findings have important clinical implications for understanding the determinants of work impairment and for improving work-related outcomes in chronic disease.


Arthritis Care and Research | 2018

Trends in population-based incidence and prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Manitoba, Canada.

Natalie J. Shiff; Kiem Oen; Kristine Kroeker; Lisa M. Lix

To estimate the incidence and prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in children ages <16 years in the province of Manitoba, Canada, and to determine changes in estimates between 2000 and 2012.


BMJ Open | 2017

Model-based methods for case definitions from administrative health data: application to rheumatoid arthritis

Kristine Kroeker; Jessica Widdifield; Saman Muthukumarana; Depeng Jiang; Lisa M. Lix

Objective This research proposes a model-based method to facilitate the selection of disease case definitions from validation studies for administrative health data. The method is demonstrated for a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) validation study. Study design and setting Data were from 148 definitions to ascertain cases of RA in hospital, physician and prescription medication administrative data. We considered: (A) separate univariate models for sensitivity and specificity, (B) univariate model for Youden’s summary index and (C) bivariate (ie, joint) mixed-effects model for sensitivity and specificity. Model covariates included the number of diagnoses in physician, hospital and emergency department records, physician diagnosis observation time, duration of time between physician diagnoses and number of RA-related prescription medication records. Results The most common case definition attributes were: 1+ hospital diagnosis (65%), 2+ physician diagnoses (43%), 1+ specialist physician diagnosis (51%) and 2+ years of physician diagnosis observation time (27%). Statistically significant improvements in sensitivity and/or specificity for separate univariate models were associated with (all p values <0.01): 2+ and 3+ physician diagnoses, unlimited physician diagnosis observation time, 1+ specialist physician diagnosis and 1+ RA-related prescription medication records (65+ years only). The bivariate model produced similar results. Youden’s index was associated with these same case definition criteria, except for the length of the physician diagnosis observation time. Conclusion A model-based method provides valuable empirical evidence to aid in selecting a definition(s) for ascertaining diagnosed disease cases from administrative health data. The choice between univariate and bivariate models depends on the goals of the validation study and number of case definitions.


Ageing & Society | 2016

A life history intervention for individuals with dementia: a randomised controlled trial examining nursing staff empathy, perceived patient personhood and aggressive behaviours

Heather Eritz; Thomas Hadjistavropoulos; Jaime Williams; Kristine Kroeker; Ronald R. Martin; Lisa M. Lix; Paulette V. Hunter


Canadian journal of kidney health and disease | 2016

Perceptions of pediatric nephrologists regarding timing of dialysis initiation in children in Canada

Jeremy A. Saban; Michael Zappitelli; Susan Samuel; Manish M. Sood; R. Todd Alexander; Steven Arora; Robin L. Erickson; Kristine Kroeker; Braden J. Manns; Allison Dart


Pediatric Nephrology | 2017

Variation in estimated glomerular filtration rate at dialysis initiation in children

Allison Dart; Michael Zappitelli; Manish M. Sood; R. Todd Alexander; Steven Arora; Robin L. Erickson; Kristine Kroeker; Andrea Soo; Braden J. Manns; Susan Samuel


International Journal for Population Data Science | 2018

Evaluating area-based socioeconomic status predictors of pediatric health outcomes in Manitoba

Kristine Kroeker; Atul Sharma; Dan Chateau; Marni Brownell; Celia Rodd


Canadian Journal of Diabetes | 2018

Glomerular Hyperfiltration is Not a Predictor of Microalbuminuria in Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes

Farrah Jabar; Brandy Wicklow; Jonathan McGavock; Elizabeth Sellers; Tom Blydt-Hansen; Kristine Kroeker; Dan Chateau; Melissa Gabbs; Allison Dar


Canadian Journal of Diabetes | 2018

High Rates of Ambulatory and Nocturnal Hypertension in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes

Melissa Gabbs; Brandy Wicklow; Jonathan McGavock; Elizabeth Sellers; Tom Blydt-Hansen; Kristine Kroeker; Dan Chateau; Farrah Jabar; Allison Dart

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Lisa M. Lix

University of Manitoba

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Dan Chateau

University of Manitoba

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Tom Blydt-Hansen

University of British Columbia

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Atul Sharma

University of Manitoba

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