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Transboundary and Emerging Diseases | 2014

'Bio-load' and bio-type profiles of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in the domestic livestock population endemic for Johne's disease: a survey of 28 years (1985-2013) in India.

Shoor Vir Singh; Pravin Kumar Singh; Ajay Singh; J. S. Sohal; Naveen Kumar; Kundan Kumar Chaubey; Saurabh Gupta; K. D. Rawat; Kumar A; Ashok Kumar Bhatia; A. K. Srivastav; Kuldeep Dhama

Bio-load and bio-profile of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis was studied in the domestic livestock population of the country. Of the 23,429 farm and farmers animals screened, average bio-load was 23.3% (Period of study; 28 years for goats; 13 years for sheep, cattle and buffaloes). Species-wise, bio-load was 20.1, 32.7, 39.3 and 28.3% in goats, sheep, cattle and buffaloes, respectively. Bio-load was significantly lower in time period A (P < 0.001) and B (P < 0.03), compared with period C. Geographical zone-wise, bio-load of MAP was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Central zone compared with South, West, East and North zones. Bio-load in 11 states ranged from 16.2 to 87.8%. Of 8450, 5643, 8185 and 1151 samples screened by microscopy, culture, indigenous ELISA and IS900 blood PCR, 20.0, 10.6, 35.1 and 26.6% samples were positive, respectively. Bio-load was 32.8 and 31.6% in farm and farmers goats and sheep, respectively, and 62.1% in farmers cattle. MAP bio-load was also monitored in four farm units (three goats and one sheep) for breed improvement and three farm goats units for experimental purposes at Central Institute for Research on Goats in Mathura district. Of the 8025 goats and 1525 sheep that died from 1988 to 2013, 10.9 and 3.0% deaths were due to JD, respectively. On the basis of JD and suspected JD, 10.0 and 28.4% goats and 2.2 and 40.9% sheep, respectively were culled from the farm units in 25 years. Microscopic examination of 214 tissues (mesenteric lymph nodes and intestines) of 107 animals, it was observed that bio-load of MAP was high (25.0-60.0%) in farm animals. Indian Bison Type was the dominant biotype, irrespective of domestic livestock species and the geographical zone.


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2012

Immunomodulatory and therapeutic potentials of herbal, traditional/indigenous and ethnoveterinary medicines.

Mahima; Anu Rahal; Rajib Deb; Shyma K. Latheef; Abdul Samad H; Ruchi Tiwari; Verma Ak; Kumar A; Kuldeep Dhama


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2014

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA (LAMP): a new diagnostic tool lights the world of diagnosis of animal and human pathogens: a review.

Kuldeep Dhama; Kumaragurubaran Karthik; Sandip Chakraborty; Ruchi Tiwari; Sanjay Kapoor; Kumar A; Prasad Thomas


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2013

Food-borne pathogens of animal origin-diagnosis, prevention, control and their zoonotic significance: a review.

Kuldeep Dhama; S. Rajagunalan; Sandip Chakraborty; Verma Ak; Kumar A; Ruchi Tiwari; Sanjay Kapoor


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2013

Trends in diagnosis and control of bovine mastitis: a review.

Rajib Deb; Kumar A; Sandip Chakraborty; Verma Ak; Ruchi Tiwari; Kuldeep Dhama; Umesh Singh; Satish Kumar


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2014

Wonder world of phages: potential biocontrol agents safeguarding biosphere and health of animals and humans- current scenario and perspectives.

Ruchi Tiwari; Sandip Chakraborty; Kuldeep Dhama; Mohd Yaqoob Wani; Kumar A; Sanjay Kapoor


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2014

Bacteriophage therapy for safeguarding animal and human health: a review.

Ruchi Tiwari; Kuldeep Dhama; Kumar A; Anu Rahal; Sanjay Kapoor


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2012

Leptospirosis-persistence of a dilemma: an overview with particular emphasis on trends and recent advances in vaccines and vaccination strategies.

Verma Ak; Kumar A; Kuldeep Dhama; Rajib Deb; Anu Rahal; Mahima; Sandip Chakraborty


Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances | 2011

Mycoplasma bovis, A Multi Disease Producing Pathogen: An Overview

Kumar A; Verma Ak; Anu Rahal


Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences | 2013

Listeria monocytogenes infection in poultry and its public health importance with special reference to food borne zoonoses.

Kuldeep Dhama; Verma Ak; S. Rajagunalan; Kumar A; Ruchi Tiwari; Sandip Chakraborty; Rajesh Kumar

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Kuldeep Dhama

Indian Veterinary Research Institute

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Verma Ak

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre

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Rajib Deb

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

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Sanjay Kapoor

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

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Pravin Kumar Singh

Indian Council of Medical Research

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Saurabh Gupta

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

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Ajay Singh

University of Waterloo

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Kumaragurubaran Karthik

Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University

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