Kunihiko Okuda

Fatty acid composition of human and rat adrenal lipids: Occurrence of ω6 docosatrienoic acid in human adrenal cholesterol ester

Fatty acids in human and rat adrenal lipids were analyzed by AgNO3-impregnated silica gel, thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography (GLC). In human adrenal cholesterol ester, 26 kinds of fatty acids were estimated. The percentage of 18∶1 was highest, and 20∶3ω6 and 22∶4ω6 represented high percentages in polyenoic acids. Docosatrienoate was found in all the five men, representing from 1.0% to 2.8%. Its retention time on GLC was different from that of 22∶3ω9 found in the adrenal cholesterol ester of fat deficient rats. The methyl esters of dicarboxylic acids produced by KMnO4-oxidation of the docosatrienoate had a chain of 10 carbon atoms. These results elucidate that the docosatrienoate from human adrenal cholesterol ester belongs to the linoleate family. In the adrenal cholesterol ester of 10-week fat free rats, the percentages of 22∶4ω6 and 22∶5ω6 did not decrease, compared with control rats, though arachidonate apparently decreased. The adrenal phospholipid contained about 20% of arachidonate in four of five men and about 40% of arachidonate in rats. Much more polyenoic acids were found in the triglyceride of an adrenal adenoma of primary aldosteronism than in the adjacent adrenal tissue, shereas the fatty acid compositions of phospholipid and cholesterol ester in the adenoma resembled those in the adjacent tissue.

BARTTER'S SYNDROME, A CASE REPORT AND SOME CONSIDERATION ON PATHOGENETIC MECHANISM

われわれは50才,女性のBartter症候群の1例を経験し,体液量の増加による血漿レニン活性(PRA),血漿アルドステロン値(PAC)の変動,および外因性angiotensin IIの昇圧反応の変化を観察した.常食時高値を示したPRA (17.8ng angiotensin I/ml/h) PAC (32.2mμg100/ml)は高塩食で低下し,さらに生理的食塩水500ml 4日間で正常化した(PRA 1.9ng/ml, PAC 5.8mμg/100ml).同時にangiotensin IIに対する昇圧反応は正常化した. Bartterらは本症の病因としてangiotensin IIに対する血管の昇圧反応欠如をあげているが, Goodmanら,河野らにより循環血漿量増加によりangiotensin IIの昇圧反応が回復される症例が報告されている.本例もそのような症例と考えられ,この際PRA, PACが正常化していることを示した. spironolactone投与により血清カリウムの正常化した時,血漿レニン活性は若干低下し, angiotensin IIに対する昇圧反応は正常下限まで改善したが,血漿アルドステロン含量はかえつて増加を示した.食塩負荷により血漿レニン活性,血漿アルドステロン含量, angiotensin IIによる昇圧反応が正常化したことは潜在的なナトリウム喪失傾向の存在を強く示唆するが,ナトリウム,カリウムの何れの欠乏が本症候群の第一義的な病因をなしているのか不詳である.

Studies on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism (I) comparative studies of linoleate and γ—linolenate for arachidonate biosynthesis

Of the acyl th ioder ivat ives (Acyl. S.D.) which have been recognized as in te rmedia tes in the f a t t y acid de novo synthes is and oxidation, were studies wi th the G. L. C, analysis in var ious hormonal and nut r i t iona l condit ions such as hypophysectomy, adrenalectomy, subtotal pancleatec tomy or replacement of ACTH, glucocorticoid and insul in to each, and refeeding wi th a diet high in glucose af te r 24 hours s tarvat ion. 1. The ex t rami tochondr ia l shro t chain Acyl. S.D. decreased when ACTH, glucocorticoid or insul in was replaced, while long chain Acyl. S.D. increased. These resul ts suggest the st imulat ion of fa t ty acid de novo synthes is by these hormons. 2. An evident t ha t ACTH and glucocorticoid s t imula te the oxidation of fa t ty acid in mi tochondr ia was observed. 3. Insul in and ACTH had the s imi la r effects on the level of C6 and Cs length Acyl. S.D., however Cs AcyL S.D. leveled off by the rep lacement of glucocorticoid. 4. Several resul ts which suggest tha t ACTH is necessary for coupling of electron t r ans f e r sys tem and ATP format ion in mi tochondr ia were obtained. And then considered tha t ACTH is (perhaps wi th insulin) one of unnegligible hormone for fa t ty acid de nove synthesis which wants for ATP supply.