Kyoumi Nakamoto

Evaluation of denture cleansers with and without enzymes against Candida albicans

The fungicidal effect on Candida albicans was evaluated for denture cleansers with and without enzymes (alkaline peroxide type). Three cleansers with proteolytic enzymes showed little yeast lytic ability, while one cleanser with yeast lytic and proteolytic enzymes and one cleanser without enzymes showed slight yeast lytic ability. The results suggested that the activity depended on alkaline peroxide rather than on enzymes. Five denture cleansers showed strong effects.

Effects of crude drugs and berberine hydrochloride on the activities of fungi

The effects of crude drugs on fungi have been used for a thousand years in China and Japan. These drugs include: Saussureae radix, Magnoliae cortex, Cinnamomi cortex, Hydrangeae dulcis folium, and Artemisiae capillarius flos. The activity of Coptidis rhizoma and Phellodendri cortex was stronger than other crude drugs against the three fungi. Berberine hydrochloride, which is a component of the two crude drugs, was investigated. Minimal inhibitory concentration values of berberine hydrochloride were 1, 0.125, and 0.5 mg/ml against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata, respectively. In C. glabrata, compared with C. albicans and C. tropicalis, berberine hydrochloride greatly inhibited the growth of fungi.

7-O-Acetyl loganic acid from Alangium platanifolium var. Trilobum

Abstract 7- O -Acetyl loganic acid was isolated for the first time in Nature from the stem bark of Alangium platanifolium var. trilobum

In vitro study on the effects of trial denture cleansers with berberine hydrochloride

The antifungal activity of trial denture cleansers prepared with berberine hydrochloride was examined against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata. A commercial denture cleanser and a trial denture cleanser that exhibited strong antifungal activity were tested for their effects on Candida spp., the color stability of the dental material, and the surface roughness of acrylic resin plates. The results of these tests revealed that the trial denture cleanser removed 64% to 89% of adhered cells from acrylic resin surfaces and had little effect on the other physical properties tested.

Evaluation of Denture Cleansers against Candida albicans, Part II.

Candida albicans is known to cause denture stomatitis. In this study, the effects of four kinds of commercial denture cleansers (DC A, B, C and D) on C. albicans were evaluated under the various conditions. Yeast-lytic enzymes were contained only in DC A. Proteases were contained in DC A, B and C, and alkaline-oxidants were contained in DC B, C and D.Candida-lytic activity was demonstrated only in DC A from the results of the reduction of optical density of yeast suspension, the microscopical observation and the degradation of β-1, 3-glucan.Strong fungicidal effects were found in DC B and C. The fungicidal effect in DC D was slightly lower than that in DC B and C, and the effect in DC A, which contained no oxidants, was the lowest. However, it was found that a small amount of Candida cells was alive, even in the solution of DC B, C and A when the residual cleansers were removed and then inoculated on the culture plate.Resin plates adhering Candida cells were soaked in the cleansers, and then the remaining cells were counted under the microscope. The removal of the adhering cells by DC A, B and C were significantly greater than that by the control. But DC D did not show any significant differences from the control and the other cleansers.DC A exhibited the highest protease activity at pH 7. At the own pH of cleansers, however, DC C exhibited higher activity than DC A. The protease activity in DC B was lower than that in DC A and C. DC D exhibited no protease activity, but it generated the largest quantity of hydrogen peroxide. No hydrogen peroxide was generated from DC A.