Kyunghoon Lee

Microstructural behavior of nitriding compound layer for Nb-carbonitride coating grown by thermo-reactive diffusion process

This study aims to understand the microstructural behavior of nitriding compound layer and its effect on Nb-carbonitride growth produced by the thermo-reactive diffusion (TRD) process. Gas nitriding was performed at 550 °C for 3 and 6 h, followed by TRD at 900 °C for 6 h. The nitriding compound layers had thicknesses of 10 and 16 μm for nitriding time of 3 and 6 h, respectively. The corresponding Nb-carbonitride layers produced by TRD were 7.2 and 11.2 μm thick, respectively. Reheating at 900 °C transformed the microstructure of the nitriding compounds to Fe3O4 and FeN0.0939. As reheating proceeded to 30 min, high concentration of nitrogen, initially existing in the nitride layer diffused to 80–90 μm into the substrate. Therefore, the TRD process produced NbN layer at the interfacial area due to intensively dissolved nitrogen from FeN0.0939. As the TRD proceeded, supply of C atoms from the base metal became competitive with the N diffusion. Thus, the TRD coating layer was grown to above the interface. Reheating at 900 °C for the 16-μm-thick nitride layer resulted in a nitrogen content ∼0.4 at% higher than that for the 10-μm-thick nitride layer, thereby producing a thicker Nb-carbonitride layer.

Design and Manufacture of Ultrasonic Vibration Drawing Tool

In ultrasonic vibration drawing, the drawing forces can be reduced by applying ultrasonically oscillating dies. Ultrasonic vibration drawing has been considered as a means of accommodating high-level drawing processes such as shaped wire, ultrafine wire, and the wire drawing operation in semidry or dry condition. Prior studies were attempted to analyze the mechanism of improved drawing performances, such as reduced drawing force and improved lubrication characteristic. However, researches on design rule for ultrasonic vibration drawing system are not yet carried out. The principal objectives of this work are to design a set of tooling capable to superimpose the oscillations and to observe by experiments the influence of the ultrasonic oscillations on the wire drawing.

A Comparative Study on Arrhenius-Type Constitutive Models with Regression Methods

A comparative study was performed on strain-compensated Arrhenius-type constitutive models established with two regression methods: polynomial regression and regression Kriging. For measurements at high temperatures, experimental data of 70Cr3Mo steel were adopted from previous research. An Arrhenius-type constitutive model necessitates strain compensation for material constants to account for strain effect. To associate the material constants with strain, we first evaluated them at a set of discrete strains, then capitalized on surrogate modeling to represent the material constants as a function of strain. As a result, disparate flow stress models were formed via the two different regression methods. The constructed constitutive models were examined systematically against measured flow stresses by validation methods. The predicted material constants were found to be quite accurate compared to the actual material constants. However, notable mismatches between measured and predicted flow stresses were revealed by the proposed validation techniques, which carry out validation with not the entire, but a single tensile test case.