L. Cariello

Intrapartum transperineal ultrasound assessment of fetal head progression in active second stage of labor and mode of delivery

To compare longitudinal changes in angle of progression (AoP) and midline angle (MLA) during the active second stage of labor according to the mode of delivery.

Intrapartum three‐dimensional ultrasonographic imaging of face presentations: report of two cases

The term ‘right aortic arch’ (RAA) refers to a congenital abnormal position of the aortic arch, that is, to the right of the trachea, with or without an abnormal branching pattern, and is one of the least frequently prenatally diagnosed cardiac abnormalities1–3. The main clue for the detection of RAA in large population studies and small case series has been absence of the normal ‘V’shaped confluence of the ductal and aortic arches (both to the left of the trachea) in the axial three vessels and trachea (3VT) view1–7, as a RAA and left ductus form an abnormal ‘U’-shape. Reviewing papers that have evaluated the associated conditions and outcomes of the different types of RAA, its occurrence with a right ductus arteriosus (RDA) has been reported with severe cardiac anomalies (tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, common arterial trunk)3,7,8 and high rates of 22q11 deletions7,9,10. We describe here a case of RAA with a RDA in which the heart was normal. This was easily recognizable in the 3VT view from the first trimester onwards, independent of the angle of insonation. Sonographic evaluations and image acquisitions were performed transabdominally using a Voluson 730 ultrasound machine (GE Medical Systems, Zipf, Austria). A 31-yearold low-risk pregnant woman, gravida 1 para 0, attended for first-trimester screening at our center. A cardiac transverse sweep showed an anatomically and functionally normal fetal heart, but a right-sided aortic arch and a V-shaped confluence with a patent RDA were observed on the 3VT view (Figure 1). Offline analysis by examiners experienced in fetal echocardiography resulted in similar conclusions. Invasive tests ruled out karyotype and 22q11 abnormalities. During the second and third trimesters normal views of the fetal heart were found on the standard axial approach (situs, area, axis, cardiac chambers, emergence of great vessels) (Figures 2a–c and Videoclip S1) and, in accordance with previous findings, an RAA and patent RDA were identified as a V-shaped

Reliability of new three-dimensional ultrasound technique for pelvic hiatal area measurement

To assess the reproducibility of a new technique for three‐/four‐dimensional (3D/4D) ultrasound imaging of the pelvic floor: OmniView™ volume contrast imaging (VCI) for measurement of the pelvic hiatal area on maximum contraction and Valsalva maneuver. In addition, we aimed to study the intermethod agreement between the new technique and the 3D/4D render method.

Reliability of a new 3D ultrasound technique for pelvic hiatal area measurement

To assess the reproducibility of a new technique for three‐/four‐dimensional (3D/4D) ultrasound imaging of the pelvic floor: OmniView™ volume contrast imaging (VCI) for measurement of the pelvic hiatal area on maximum contraction and Valsalva maneuver. In addition, we aimed to study the intermethod agreement between the new technique and the 3D/4D render method.

A New Simple Technique for 3-Dimensional Sonographic Assessment of the Pelvic Floor Muscles

The purpose of this study was to assess the reproducibility of a new technique for 3‐dimensional (3D) pelvic floor sonography: OmniView combined with Volume Contrast Imaging (VCI; GE Healthcare, Kretz Ultrasound, Zipf, Austria) for pelvic hiatal area measurement. In addition, we aimed to study the intermethod agreement between the new technique and the standard 3D rendering method.

Fetal head–symphysis distance and mode of delivery in the second stage of labor

To evaluate whether the fetal head–symphysis distance measured by three‐dimensional transperineal ultrasound during the active second stage predicts operative delivery.

Customized Fetal Growth Charts for Parents’ Characteristics, Race, and Parity by Quantile Regression Analysis A Cross-sectional Multicenter Italian Study

The purpose of this study was to construct fetal biometric charts between 16 and 40 weeks’ gestation that were customized for parental characteristics, race, and parity, using quantile regression analysis.

P08.03: Post‐partum evaluation of maternal cardiac function in a cohort of severe pre‐eclamptic women

All fetuses were singletons and were followed-up to delivery to determine whether they had SGA complications. In total, 109 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) fetuses and 21 fetuses with SGA were included. After analysis, 3D PD indices were calculated: Vascularization Index (VI), Flow Index (FI) and Vascularization Flow Index (VFI). These indices were compared among the study groups. Results: Our results showed 3D power Doppler indices (VI, FI, and VFI) of fetal upper arm can differentiate SGA fetuses from AGA fetuses well. The study showed that 3D power Doppler indices (VI, FI, and VFI) were significantly lower in the SGA group compared to controls. Conclusions: It appears that 3D PD US assessment of the fetal upper arm reveals significant differences in all indices studied (VI, FI and VFI) between fetuses with SGA and without SGA. Fetal upper arm assessed by 3D PD US can be applied to detect SGA prenatally. We believe those assessments using 3D PD US is a useful test in detecting fetuses with SGA.

Fundal pressure in second stage of labor (Kristeller maneuver) is associated with higher risk of levator ani muscle avulsion

To investigate the association between application of fundal pressure during the second stage of labor (Kristeller maneuver) and the risk of levator ani muscle (LAM) injury.

Randomised Italian Sonography for Occiput POSition Trial Ante Vacuum (R.I.S.POS.T.A.)

To assess whether sonographic diagnosis of fetal head position before instrumental vaginal delivery can reduce the risk of failed vacuum extraction and improve delivery outcome.