L.D. Kvacheva

Fischer liquid-phase cyclization of arylhydrazones

Conclusion1.In the series of chlorides of zinc, aluminum, iron(III), nickel(II), and cobalt(II), zinc chloride is the most active and selective reagent for stoichiometric indolization of phenylhydrazones in the liquid phase.2.In the presence of laminar graphite compounds, indolization of phenylhydrazones with zinc chloride has a catalytic character.

Alkylation of phenols by olefins using graphite layer compounds as catalysts

Conclusions1.Graphite layer compounds with antimony pentafluoride, zinc chloride, and aluminum chloride catalyze the alkylation of phenols by branched-chain olefins.2.The catalytic activity of the graphite layer compound with antimony pentafluoride is attributed to the leaching of antimony pentafluoride from the graphite into the solution during the course of the reaction.

Liquid-phase oxidation of cyclohexene under catalysis by lamellar com pounds of graphite and transition-metal chlorides

Conclusions1.Lamellar compounds of graphite with Cu, Co, Mn, Fe, Ni, Mo, and Znchlorides are catalytically active in the liquid-phase oxidation of cyclohexene by molecular oxygen and in the breakdown of cyclohexyl hydroper-oxides. Appreciable quantities of cyclohexene oxide are formed in these reactions on LCG-MoCl5.2.On the basis of the determined product compositions, and our knowledge of the kinetics of heterogeneously catalyzed liquid-phase oxidation reactions, oxidation in the presence of the LCG must proceed through a radical-chain heterogeneous-homogeneous mechanism.