L. Fishbein

Metabolism of diethylhexyl phthalate by rats. Isolation and characterization of the urinary metabolites.

Abstract The metabolites appearing in the urine of rats fed di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate have been isolated by two procedures, thin-layer chromatography of the free metabolites, or thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography after treatment with diazomethane. The metabolites were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The only metabolites found were those to be expected from ω- and (ω—1)-oxidation of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate without attack on the aromatic ring. Conjugates were apparently not formed, and free phthalic acid amounted to less than 3% of the urinary metabolites.

Chromatographic and biological aspects of polychlorinated biphenyls.

Abstract The chromatographic (column, thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography and combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy) and biological aspects of the polychlorinated biphenyls have been reviewed with primary focus as to their utility, ecological distribution and toxicity as well as diverse techniques for their separation from chlorinated pesticides and subsequent analysis.

Chromatographic and biological aspects of the

Abstract The chromatographic and bicohemical aspects of the phthalate esters have been reviewed with focus on their increasing occurence in the environment their physical and biological properties as well as the salient chromatographic (gas—liquid, thin-layer, liquid—liquid) procedures that have been employed for their separation and identification.

Absorption of aliphatic hydrocarbons by rats

The percentage retention of aliphatic hydrocarbons from relatively simple mixtures administered intragastrically to rats is shown to be an inverse linear function of carbon number, at least for major components of the mixtures. Retention (intake minus excretion) is reduced by treatment with certain antibiotics or by feeding amounts of hydrocarbon in excess of 320 mg/kg body weight as a single dose. Bacterial degradation of paraffin in the feces, and recirculation of intact hydrocarbon in the bile apparently do not occur to a significant extent under the conditions tested. The major, if not the only significant, site of absorption of ingested hydrocarbons in rats is the small intestine. No conspicuous difference in ability to take up hydrocarbons in everted sac experiments was seen between duodenum, jejunum and ileum, although duodenal sacs released hydrocarbon or its metabolic products into the serosal medium more rapidly than did sacs of ileum. The primary recipient of absorbed paraffin in vivo was the lymph, but there was some evidence for absorption of hexadecane or, perhaps more likely, its metabolic products, directly into the portal blood.

Intestinal Absorption of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Rats

SummaryChlorinated biphenyls having from one to six chlorine atoms per molecule were fed to rats at doses between 5 and 100 mg/kg body weight. Less than 10% of the amounts fed were excreted in the feces, indicating a high degree of absorption and/or metabolism of these compounds.

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls by gas-liquid chromatography and flame ionization detection : I. One to three chlorine atoms

Abstract Retention indices on six liquid phases are given for the mono-, di- and trichlorobiphenyls, and the additivity of half-retention index values in predicting retention indices is confirmed for these compounds. A method is given for predicting the relative molar response of the hydrogen flame ionization detector to polychlorinated biphenyls for which no pure standard is available. Solute-solvent interactions between these “non-polar” compounds and a variety of liquid phase are discussed.

Identification of tertiary aminomethylenedioxy-propiophenones as urinary metabolites of safrole in the rat and guinea pig

Abstract Three nitrogen-containing metabolites of safrole (1-allyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-benzene) are excreted in the urine of rats and/or guinea pigs following oral or intraperitoneal administration. The major safrole basic ninhydrin-positive metabolites of the guinea pig and rat are 3- N - N -dimethylamino-1-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1-propanone and 3-piperidyl-1-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1-propanone, respectively. In addition, the rat also excretes the above N , N -dimethylaminoketone and trace amounts of 3-pyrrolidinyl-1-(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1-propanone. All three of these aminoketones decompose to form 1-(3′,4−methylenedioxyphenyl)-3-propen-1-one.

Chromatographic and biological aspects of organomercurials

Abstract The chromatographic and biochemical aspects of the organomercurials (principally agricultural and medicinal) have been reviewed with focus on methyl- and phenylmercurials and their ecological significance.

Determination of prostaglandins by gas-liquid chromatography.

Abstract Two procedures are described for the determination of prostaglandins B, E and F by gas-liquid chromatography. In the first, keto prostaglandins are quantitatively dehydrated, esterified, and acetylated to give products stable to gas chromatography, while F prostaglandins are rapidly analyzed as trimethylsilyl ether-trimethylsilyl esters. In the second procedure, a mixture of prostaglandins is separated into B, E and F class fractions by column chromatography. The B class of prostaglandins, both that present originally and that formed from E prostaglandins by base treatment, is resolved according to degrees of unsaturation by gas chromatography of their acetylated methyl esters. The F prostaglandins are similarly resolved by gas chromatography of their trimethylsilyl ether-methyl esters.

Urinary excretion of tertiary amino methoxy methylenedioxy propiophenones as metabolites of myristicin in the rat and guinea pig.

Abstract Two nitrogen-containing metabolites of myristicin (1-methoxy-2,3-methylenedioxy-5-allyl benzene) are excreted in the urine of rats and guinea pigs following oral or intraperitoneal administration. The major basic ninhydrin-positive urinary metabolite of myristicin in the rat is 3-piperidyl-1-(3′methoxy-4′,5′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1-propanone, while the major basic ninhydrin-positive urinary metabolite of the guinea pig is 3-pyrrolidinyl-1-(3′methoxy-4′,5′-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1-propanone. In addition, the rat and guinea pig excrete trace quantities of the pyrrolidinyl ketone and piperidyl ketone, respectively. In contrast to the urinary basic metabolites of safrole, no detectable quantity of the N , N dimethylamino ketone was present in either rat or guinea pig urine after administration of myristicin; the guinea pig upon administration of safrole excreted only the substituted 3- NN -dimethyl amino propiophenone.