L. R. Pistorius

Prenasal thickness-to-nasal bone length ratio: a strong and simple second- and third-trimester marker for trisomy 21

To study the ratio of prenasal thickness (PT) to nasal bone length (NBL) in normal and trisomy‐21 fetuses in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy.

Three‐dimensional ultrasound and maternal bonding, a third trimester study and a review

To compare the effect of third trimester three‐dimensional and four‐dimensional (3D/4D) versus two‐dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) of the fetal face on maternal bonding. Studies quantifying the psychological effect of 3D/4D US on mothers, pregnant of a fetus with no detectable abnormalities, were reviewed.

The fetal profile line: a proposal for a sonographic reference line to classify forehead and mandible anomalies in the second and third trimester

To test the fetal profile (FP) line, defined as the line that passes through the anterior border of the mandible and the nasion, as a reference line for forehead and mandible anomalies.

Ultrasonographic prediction of birth weight discordance in twin pregnancies

This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the ultrasonographic prediction of intertwin birth weight discordance based on crown–rump length, estimated fetal weight (EFW) and abdominal circumference.

Premaxillary protrusion assessment by the maxilla–nasion–mandible angle in fetuses with facial clefts

The aim of the study was to measure the degree of premaxillary protrusion in fetuses with orofacial clefts of various severities.

The fetal profile line: a proposal for a sonographic reference line to classify forehead and mandible anomalies in the second and third trimester: Fetal profile line in the second and third trimester

To test the fetal profile (FP) line, defined as the line that passes through the anterior border of the mandible and the nasion, as a reference line for forehead and mandible anomalies.

Facial shape; height and width in the second and third trimester of pregnancy

Abstract Objectives: The objective of this study is to calculate on 3D volumes obtained from 16 weeks’ gestation normative data of facial height (FH), facial width (FW) and their ratio and to test these parameters in pathological cases. Methods: In total, 228 volumes were analyzed: 207 from normal and 21 from pathological cases. After multiplanar correction to the exact midsagittal plane FH was measured from the nasion to the gnathion and FW between the most lateral points on the zygomatic arch. Results: For both FH and FW the intra- and inter-observer intraclass correlation coefficient variability was 0.99 and the difference between paired measurements was less than 0.3 cm in 95% of the cases. FH increased from 1.48 to 5.08 cm (FH = −16.10 + 3.78 × log(GA), R2: 0.93) and FW from 2.20 to 6.42 cm (FW: 4.19–17.18 × log(GA), R2: 0.85). The ratio increased steadily until about 25 weeks and less thereafter (ratio: (1/GA) × 26.44 + 0.92, R2: 0.23). In pathological cases 16.6% of measurements were outside the normal range. Conclusions: This study provides normative data for FH and FW measurements and insight in normal facial growth after 16 weeks’ gestation. FH exceeds FW growth especially before 25 weeks.

P25.09: Disclosure of fetal gender and maternal‐fetal bonding

Objectives: To review the efficacy of early second trimester ultrasonography for detecting fetal structural abnormalities in a low risk population. Methods: Retrospective study of the ultrasonographic findings and outcome of all pregnancies in women scanned in 2010–2011. 3242 fetuses were scanned in the first trimester with Voluson Expert abdominal and transvaginal. 489 scans performed around 16 weeks, were selectioned because fetal abnormalities or unsatisfactory views, or extrafetal anomalies (uterus, placenta, cord or amniotic fluid abnormalities). Main outcome: correlation of prenatal ultrasonografic findings with outcome in the neonate Results: 3215 babies were born during 2010–2011, 489 (15%) were scanned in early second trimester, 158 because fetal reasons and 331 because of extrafetal causes. In the group of fetal reasons, 27 fetuses (17,7.5%) were found to have serious abnormalities at birth or after termination of pregnancy. There were 2 spontaneous miscarriage and 16 therapeutic abortion before 18 weeks. In the group of extrafetal causes, 36 umbilical single artery were found, and others findings, irrelevant to the outcome in the neonate. Two false positive diagnoses occurred, in both cases the pregnancies were not terminated and the babies were born. This gives a specificity of 99.1% (78.2% to 99.7%). The positive predictive value of early second trimester ultrasonography was 98.1% (91.3% to 99.7%). Conclusions: Fetal examination by ultrasonography in early second trimester, in low risk population, detects many fetal abnormalities but can present 5% work overload.

P29.15: 3/4D ultrasound and maternal-fetal bonding: second versus third trimester

C. Ioannou1, I. Sarris1, M. Yaqub2, R. Napolitano1, H. Nicholl3, J. A. Noble2, M. K. Javaid4, A. T. Papageorghiou1,5 1Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 2Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 3Department of Radiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; 4Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; 5Oxford Maternal and Perinatal Health Institute, Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

OC20.04: Assessment of facial height and facial width in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, preliminary results

A. G. den Boogert1, E. de Jong-Pleij1, L. S. Ribbert1, L. R. Pistorius2, M. Bakker4, E. Tromp3, C. M. Bilardo4 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Antonius Hospital, Utrecht, Netherlands; 2Fetal Medicine Unit, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; 3Department of Statistics, St. Antonius Hospital, Utrecht, Netherlands; 4Fetal Medicine Unit, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands