Laís Alves de Souza

Conhecimento e prática sobre os fatores de risco para o câncer de mama entre mulheres de 40 a 69 anos

OBJECTIVES: to investigate knowledge of and practices regarding risk factors for breast cancer among users of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). METHODS: a cross-sectional study was carried out among 393 women aged between 40 and 69 years using the FHS in the city of Dourados, in the Brazilian State of Mato Grosso do Sul. An interview was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire to investigate socio-demographic variables, family history and awareness/practices regarding the risk factors for breast cancer. The variables were described using simple frequency and a percentage. The association between awareness of the risk factors and the variables was confirmed using Fishers exact test and the chi-square with a level of significance of 5%. RESULTS: the mean age was 52.5 ± 8.1 years, the mean years of schooling was 4.4±3.6 years, 52.4% of the women were black/colored and 66.6% had a partner. Of the women, 86.5% had received some information on breast cancer. The risk factors for the disease are known by 54.2% of the women. Awareness of the risk factors was associated with family history (p=0.004) and years of schooling (p=0.01). Where the risk factors were known, 52.2% of the women took preventive measures. CONCLUSION: the identification of variables related to greater awareness of the disease may facilitate the adoption of strategies aimed at the most vulnerable groups.

Efeitos de técnicas de desobstrução brônquica na mecânica respiratória de neonatos prematuros em ventilação pulmonar mecânica

OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to evaluate the repercussions of specific chest physiotherapy procedures in mean airway resistance and in dynamic compliance in preterm infants in mechanical ventilation. METHODS: Eighteen preterm infants in conventional mechanical ventilation were submitted to one session of chest physiotherapy (manual chest compression during expiration + intermittent aspiration of intratracheal cannula). Mean airway resistance and dynamic compliance measurements were taken prior to, 10, 40 and 70 minutes after intervention using a pneumotachograph with graphic display (Newport Navigator GM-250®), coupled to a flow transducer (Varfley-Bicore®). For analysis of results the infants were divided into 2 groups; less than 5 days (group mechanical ventilation 5) on mechanical ventilation. Values were analyzed by Friedman Test, with Dunns Multiple Comparisons Test (p 5 mean airway resistance had a significant reduction at the 10th (p 5 improved mean airway resistance and dynamic compliance, with best results for the mean airway resistance.

Nível de independência funcional de pacientes após acidente vascular cerebral atendidos por equipe multiprofissional em uma unidade de reabilitação

DOI: 10.5935/0104-7795.20160021 ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluating the functional recovery of stroke patients assisted by multidisciplinary team in a Continuous Care Unit (UCCI) and identifying factors associated with the functionality gains. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from 34 patients assisted during one year in a rehabilitation unit, in which the team works in a comprehensive and humane way, providing functionality gains and rescuing autonomy. The medical records were investigated for sociodemographic data, lifestyle, type of stroke, duration of hospitalization and level of functional independence at the time of admission and of discharge based on the Barthel Index. Results: Most of the patients at admission presented whole or severe dependence (55.9%); at discharge, most patients presented mild dependence or full independence (55.9%). About total dependence, there was a significant decrease in the percentage of patients with such degree of dependence (p < 0.001). No relationship was observed between the functionality gain and the variables studied. Conclusion: The results showed that the proposed rehabilitation program has brought a positive outcome on functionality and the functionality gains were not associated with the variables studied.Objective: Evaluating the functional recovery of stroke patients assisted by multidisciplinary team in a Continuous Care Unit (UCCI) and identifying factors associated with the functionality gains. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from 34 patients assisted during one year in a rehabilitation unit, in which the team works in a comprehensive and humane way, providing functionality gains and rescuing autonomy. The medical records were investigated for sociodemographic data, lifestyle, type of stroke, duration of hospitalization and level of functional independence at the time of admission and of discharge based on the Barthel Index. Results: Most of the patients at admission presented whole or severe dependence (55.9%); at discharge, most patients presented mild dependence or full independence (55.9%). About total dependence, there was a significant decrease in the percentage of patients with such degree of dependence (p < 0.001). No relationship was observed between the functionality gain and the variables studied. Conclusion: The results showed that the proposed rehabilitation program has brought a positive outcome on functionality and the functionality gains were not associated with the variables studied