Laura Baena García

Nivel de triglicéridos como factor de riesgo durante el embarazo: modelado biológico; revisión sistemática

INTRODUCTION introduction: Some of the diseases that can appear in pregnancy (gestational diabetes, hypertension and preeclampsia) are being associated with an increased risk of heart throughout life diseases. This should be present in future assessments of the health of women. One of the most important biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases is the triglyceride level, and that undergoes a significant change during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE the objective of this review is to analyze the studies that have investigated triglyceride levels during pregnancy as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the last weeks of pregnancy and childbirth. METHODS a systematic search was made and 14 specific articles on the subject were selected following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS in normal pregnancy decreased the level of lipids in the first weeks, followed by a gradual increase. Especially high from the 12th week of gestation. This increase in plasma levels of circulating lipids occurs linearly, reaching a peak a few days before delivery. This increase results because of the increased estrogen levels and insulin resistance. It has also been associated with prolactin levels. CONCLUSIONS through this review, it has been able to demonstrate the relationship of elevated triglycerides some pathologies or more frequent changes in risk pregnancies, in which a significantly higher elevation occurs compared to normal pregnancies. It is in this context that the biological modeling may be particularly important, facilitating the creation of models and percentile curves applicable to the population, and allow monitoring of changes in triglycerides, which end up pointing situations passing be predictors of a potentially pathological situation. Thus, appropriate interventions would be carried rafter more briefly, and see so favored adequate primary prevention.

PROCEDIMIENTOS NO FARMACOLÓGICOS PARA DISMINUIR EL DOLOR DE LOS NEONATOS; REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA

BACKGROUND newborns require diagnostic and preventive procedures since the early days of life, such as the heel prick screening for metabolic disorders, intramuscular injection of vaccines and, in some cases, channeling venous route. Which are often associated with a painful sensation. The evaluation of the intensity of painful stimuli in newborns has been studied in recent years. Various scales that collect physiological and behavioral parameters have been used. This somewhat has allowed us to get closer to the intensity of pain perceived by the child, and to decide if analgesia is necessary. In regards of methods of pain relief, the most important ones are the nonpharmacological approaches due to their safety, effectiveness and low cost. Therefore, we analyze the studies that evaluate the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions for painful procedures (IFN) in reducing pain in neonates. METHODS a systematic search would be performed and 21 specific articles on the subject would be selected, following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS numerous studies have proven the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions in relieving pain in term and preterm infants. It highlights a methodological choice, especially in the measuring of painful stimulus. It requires greater involvement on the part of health workers due to the negative consequences that entails the feeling of pain at an early age, including sleep disturbances. CONCLUSIONS we conclude that some of the nonpharmacological interventions are most commonly used oral administration of sweet solutions, breastfeeding and kangaroo, which have proven effective, as it involves numerous benefits for the baby. However, further studies are required in this regard, and the implementation of a universal evaluation method for the subsequent evaluation of results in the medium and long term.

Diabetes mellitus materna y su influencia en el neurodesarrollo del niño; revisión sistemática

BACKGROUND at present, diabetes has become a global health problem. The consequences that entails, both short and long term, do more studies and knowledge necessary for detection, control and treatment. Moreover, its prevalence is increasing in both the general population and pregnant women. Numerous effects and complications have been reported in infants of diabetic mothers, such as fetal macrosomia, hypoglycemia and increased risk of developing obesity. This condition could have negative effects on the neurological development of the child and could affect his intellectual capacity and increase cognitive impairment. AIMS to analyze the studies which have investigated in the relationship between diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its impact on child neurodevelopment short and long-term. METHODS we performed a systematic search and 20 specific articles on the subject selected would be selected following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS in the studies consulted include a large methodological variety in both instruments and cognitive assessment scales, as in the age at which the sample is studied. However, most researchers conclude that maternal diabetes can have consequences for the child, both short and long-term. A higher rate of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and neurodevelopmental impairment is also described, which increase the neurobehavioral disorders and intellectual disability. CONCLUSIONS most of the studies are agree in describing neurodevelopmental disorders in children of diabetic mothers, both in cognition and in the specific areas related to expressive language, social relations, graphical skills and psychomotor development. Other research has linked maternal diabetes with an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorders such as hyperactivity, attention deficits and schizophrenia.at present, diabetes has become a global health problem. The consequences that entails, both short and long term, do more studies and knowledge necessary for detection, control and treatment. Moreover, its prevalence is increasing in both the general population and pregnant women. Numerous effects and complications have been reported in infants of diabetic mothers, such as fetal macrosomia, hypoglycemia and increased risk of developing obesity. This condition could have negative effects on the neurological development of the child and could affect his intellectual capacity and increase cognitive impairment.to analyze the studies which have investigated in the relationship between diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its impact on child neurodevelopment short and long-term.we performed a systematic search and 20 specific articles on the subject selected would be selected following the PRISMA guidelines.in the studies consulted include a large methodological variety in both instruments and cognitive assessment scales, as in the age at which the sample is studied. However, most researchers conclude that maternal diabetes can have consequences for the child, both short and long-term. A higher rate of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and neurodevelopmental impairment is also described, which increase the neurobehavioral disorders and intellectual disability.most of the studies are agree in describing neurodevelopmental disorders in children of diabetic mothers, both in cognition and in the specific areas related to expressive language, social relations, graphical skills and psychomotor development. Other research has linked maternal diabetes with an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorders such as hyperactivity, attention deficits and schizophrenia.

Maternal diabetes mellitus and its impact on child neurodevelopment: systematic review

BACKGROUND at present, diabetes has become a global health problem. The consequences that entails, both short and long term, do more studies and knowledge necessary for detection, control and treatment. Moreover, its prevalence is increasing in both the general population and pregnant women. Numerous effects and complications have been reported in infants of diabetic mothers, such as fetal macrosomia, hypoglycemia and increased risk of developing obesity. This condition could have negative effects on the neurological development of the child and could affect his intellectual capacity and increase cognitive impairment. AIMS to analyze the studies which have investigated in the relationship between diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its impact on child neurodevelopment short and long-term. METHODS we performed a systematic search and 20 specific articles on the subject selected would be selected following the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS in the studies consulted include a large methodological variety in both instruments and cognitive assessment scales, as in the age at which the sample is studied. However, most researchers conclude that maternal diabetes can have consequences for the child, both short and long-term. A higher rate of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and neurodevelopmental impairment is also described, which increase the neurobehavioral disorders and intellectual disability. CONCLUSIONS most of the studies are agree in describing neurodevelopmental disorders in children of diabetic mothers, both in cognition and in the specific areas related to expressive language, social relations, graphical skills and psychomotor development. Other research has linked maternal diabetes with an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorders such as hyperactivity, attention deficits and schizophrenia.at present, diabetes has become a global health problem. The consequences that entails, both short and long term, do more studies and knowledge necessary for detection, control and treatment. Moreover, its prevalence is increasing in both the general population and pregnant women. Numerous effects and complications have been reported in infants of diabetic mothers, such as fetal macrosomia, hypoglycemia and increased risk of developing obesity. This condition could have negative effects on the neurological development of the child and could affect his intellectual capacity and increase cognitive impairment.to analyze the studies which have investigated in the relationship between diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and its impact on child neurodevelopment short and long-term.we performed a systematic search and 20 specific articles on the subject selected would be selected following the PRISMA guidelines.in the studies consulted include a large methodological variety in both instruments and cognitive assessment scales, as in the age at which the sample is studied. However, most researchers conclude that maternal diabetes can have consequences for the child, both short and long-term. A higher rate of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and neurodevelopmental impairment is also described, which increase the neurobehavioral disorders and intellectual disability.most of the studies are agree in describing neurodevelopmental disorders in children of diabetic mothers, both in cognition and in the specific areas related to expressive language, social relations, graphical skills and psychomotor development. Other research has linked maternal diabetes with an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorders such as hyperactivity, attention deficits and schizophrenia.