Laura McGrath

Embodying limb absence in the negotiation of sexual intimacy

Some people with physical disabilities experience difficulties in forming and maintaining intimate and sexual relationships (Taleporos and McCabe, 2001). Individuals with physical impairments may variously be seen as inferior, ‘not up to scratch’ and can be less valued than those thought to embody the cultural ideal of ‘normality’ (Edwards and Imrie, 2003). The loss of an anatomical part such as an arm or a leg can therefore set up a complex series of perceptual, emotional and psychological responses that can limit or prevent individuals from fully experiencing the kinds of intimate relationships that many of their ‘non-disabled’ counterparts can more freely enjoy (Oliver, 1990). Drawing on a series of semi-structured interviews and a group visual workshop with five men and two women with varying acquired and congenital limb absences, this study explores the variety of ways in which sexual relationships and intimacies are negotiated and managed. Certain participants reported a great deal of anxiety regarding their perceptions of sexual attractiveness, and experienced feelings of loss of desirability as a sexual partner. Others reported engaging in an ‘active management of visual information’ about the body, through methods of concealment and exposure. Compensatory strategies were also reported as a way to effectively maintain existing intimate relationships. Finally, hyper-masculine or hyper-feminine enactments of sexuality were described within a range of social and intimate contexts as a means to ‘normalise’ the disabled body. The findings of this study provide a richer and more contextualised understanding of the highly complex adjustment process faced by individuals with limb absence, who actively engage in sexual and intimate relationships.

Transportations of space, time and self: the role of reading groups in managing mental distress in the community

Abstract Background: The practice of reading and discussing literature in groups is long established, stretching back into classical antiquity. Although benefits of therapeutic reading groups have been highlighted, research into participants’ perceptions of these groups has been limited. Aims: To explore the experiences of those attending therapeutic reading groups, considering the role of both the group, and the literature itself, in participants’ ongoing experiences of distress. Method: Eleven participants were recruited from two reading groups in the South-East of England. One focus group was run, and eight individuals self-selected for individual interviews. The data were analysed together using a thematic analysis drawing on dialogical theories. Results: Participants described the group as an anchor, which enabled them to use fiction to facilitate the discussion of difficult emotional topics, without referring directly to personal experience. Two aspects of this process are explored in detail: the use of narratives as transportation, helping to mitigate the intensity of distress; and using fiction to explore possibilities, alternative selves and lives. Conclusions: For those who are interested and able, reading groups offer a relatively de-stigmatised route to exploring and mediating experiences of distress. Implications in the present UK funding environment are discussed.

Through the prison walls: using published poetry to explore current UK prisoners’ narratives of past, present and future selves

ABSTRACT Background: Prison is a complex, hierarchical environment which has been shown to both prompt existential reflection and act as a barrier to authentic emotional expression. The risks associated with emotional expression within prison are further suggested to inhibit forms of self-reflection crucial to successful desistance. This article explores the use of poetry as a practice and a research method within such an environment.Method: Using narrative thematic analysis, poems published in Inside Times magazine were examined, selected because of a focus on inmate subjectivity. Findings: Findings focus on the emotional, reflective, and transportational qualities of poetry. We explore the capacity of poetry to both mediate reflexive, emotional experiences, and mitigate counter-therapeutic aspects of secure environments. Implications: We suggest shifting professional’s focus from changing inmate behaviours to the creation of “safe spaces”or atmospheres within prison which will allow inmates the opportunity for emotional authenticity and the exploration of non-criminal selves.

Contending with the minimum data set: Subjectivity, linearity and dividualising experiences in Improving Access to Psychological Therapies

Improving Access to Psychological Therapies has lead to a huge increase in the delivery of psychological therapy within the United Kingdom over the past 10 years. Central to the culture of Improving Access to Psychological Therapies is outcome monitoring, brought into every therapeutic encounter through the compulsory collection of the minimum data set in each session. This article explores the role of compulsory outcome monitoring in service users’ experiences of using Improving Access to Psychological Therapies, with a focus on how these forms are folded into distress, therapy and recovery. Data from a small-scale qualitative study are drawn upon. Thematic analysis was conducted on multimodal interviews with current service users. The article explores the ways in which the minimum data set acted as a ‘quasi object’, exploring three main roles of the minimum data set: as an authorising mediator, an alienating adversary and a deferring gatekeeper. Pictures of therapeutic progress, as presented via outcome measures, often ran counter to users’ reported experience of distress. We conclude that far from being a neutral and objective assessment tool, the minimum data set functions as a living actant in the therapeutic encounter.