Lawrence Henry Gipson

GEORGE DANGERFIELD. Chancellor Robert R. Livingston of New York, 1746-1813. Pp. viii, 532. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1960.

treatment of the Constitution was ambiguous and confusing.&dquo; There follows an elaborate set of arguments, impossible to summarize here, in which he notes how Beard arrived at his conclusions and where he was confused. At this point Mr. Benson takes a new tack and severely criticizes Professors Robert E. Brown and Forrest McDonald-undoubtedly the leading critics of Beard today-for failing to note this apparent dualism, and also for disproving Beard by the spurious method of using Beard’s own faulty research techniques in collective biography. To test still again Beard’s much-tested &dquo;design of proof and method,&dquo; Mr. Benson applies a system of &dquo;multivariate analysis&dquo; to four categories of data used by Beard, Brown, and McDonald. Ironically, after