Le Thanh Long

The transcript expression of pluripotent genes in bovine embryonic stem like cells

In this study, the bovine embryonic stem like cells were isolated and cultured from blastocyst stage embryos. The bovine embryonic stem like cells were cultured on the feeder cells which were 10 µg/ml mitomycin C-inactivated mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The real time qRT-PCR was applied to estimate the pluripotent gene expression of bovine embryonic stem like cells. The bovine embryonic stem like cell colonies were positive to alkaline phosphatase. However, the alkaline phosphatase expression of bovine embryonic stem like cells was down regulated in third passage. The result of relative quantification of pluripotent gene transcripts showed that the oct4 transcripts expression in third passage was higher than the first and the second passages. The nanog and sox-2 transcript expression in bovine embryonic stem like cells were down regulated during passages, especially, the sox-2 transcript expression in the third passage was dramatically down regulated than the fisrt passage (10 times lower). The c-myc transcript expression of bovine embryonic stem like cells in the third passage was higher than the first and the second passages. The transcript expression modification of pluripotent genes including oct4, nanog and sox-2 were related to the morphological changes of bovine embryonic stem like cells including flat and irregular sharp which were characteristics of differentiation of embryonic stem like cell colonies.

Biological characterization of Vietnamese native wild boars in central highland (Sus scrofa)

In this study, we accessed and estimated morphological characteristics of Vietnamese native wild boars ( Sus scrofa ) in Central Higlands. The Vietnamese native wild boars had compact body shape, compact abdorminal, long tail. The height of mature male wild boar was about 65-75 cm. The Vietnamese native wild boars had small head, long snout, small forearms and agility. The weight of mature male wild boar was about 80-100 kg. In nature, the wild boars were clustered in one group which contained 5-20 wild boars including immature wild boars, mature wild boars and aging wild boars. The mature age of The Vietnamese native wild boars was lower than other wild boars and domestic pigs that were breeding in Central Higlands. The native wild boar male were matured and able to mating at 8-10 months old. The mating season of native female wild boar was about from April to August. The mating season of wild boars in Central Highlands was at end of dry season and early rainy season. This explained for the reason why we could collect wild boars in nature at rainy season.

An analysis of polymorphism and phylogenetic tree using mitochondrial cytochrome B of wild boar in central Vietnam highlands

Mitochondrial DNA have been used to study phylogenetic relationships in pigs ( Sus scrofa ). In this study, mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences was used to assess variable and polymorphism positions and genetic relationships in Vietnamese native wild boar, Vietnamese hybrid wild boar (Thailand wild boar and Vietnamese wild boar) and various other wild boars (Korean wild boar, Spain wild boar and Uruguay wild boar). DNA samples were collected from wild boar ears and mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences were amplified with specific primers, then sequenced with 3730 DNA Analyzer. 552 bp of cytochrome b sequence were used for alignment. Results showed that 9 polymorphism positions were found in haplotypes and 3 new polymorphism positions specifically appeared in 11 Vietnamese native wild boars. An NJ (Neighbour-joining) tree was constructed to assess genetic relationships of different wild boars. Bootstrap values (threshhold of 50% after 100 replicates) were used to assess the confidence in branching order. The phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b displayed three distinct mtDNA clades, one of Uruguay wild boar, one of Korean wild boar, Spain wild boar, Vietnamese hybrid wild boar and one of Vietnamese native wild boar. Genetic distances for mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences showed that Uruguay mtDNA haplotypes (0.0032) and a group of Korean, Spain and Vietnam hybrid haplotypes (0.0054) and Vietnam native haplotypes (0.0078) formed three clusters that are well separated from each other. The bootstrap percentages of three clades are higher than 70%, hence assignments of haplotypes into three clades are very reliable and indicating that the Vietnamese native wild boar group is genetically independent from other wild boar groups.