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AMP-Activated Kinase (AMPK) Activation by AICAR in Human White Adipocytes Derived from Pericardial White Adipose Tissue Stem Cells Induces a Partial Beige-Like Phenotype.

Beige adipocytes are special cells situated in the white adipose tissue. Beige adipocytes, lacking thermogenic cues, morphologically look quite similar to regular white adipocytes, but with a markedly different response to adrenalin. White adipocytes respond to adrenergic stimuli by enhancing lipolysis, while in beige adipocytes adrenalin induces mitochondrial biogenesis too. A key step in the differentiation and function of beige adipocytes is the deacetylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) by SIRT1 and the consequent mitochondrial biogenesis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an upstream activator of SIRT1, therefore we set out to investigate the role of AMPK in beige adipocyte differentiation using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) from pericardial adipose tissue. hADMSCs were differentiated to white and beige adipocytes and the differentiation medium of the white adipocytes was supplemented with 100 μM [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-Carbamoyl-5-aminoimidazol-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate (AICAR), a known activator of AMPK. The activation of AMPK with AICAR led to the appearance of beige-like morphological properties in differentiated white adipocytes. Namely, smaller lipid droplets appeared in AICAR-treated white adipocytes in a similar fashion as in beige cells. Moreover, in AICAR-treated white adipocytes the mitochondrial network was more fused than in white adipocytes; a fused mitochondrial system was characteristic to beige adipocytes. Despite the morphological similarities between AICAR-treated white adipocytes and beige cells, functionally AICAR-treated white adipocytes were similar to white adipocytes. We were unable to detect increases in basal or cAMP-induced oxygen consumption rate (a marker of mitochondrial biogenesis) when comparing control and AICAR-treated white adipocytes. Similarly, markers of beige adipocytes such as TBX1, UCP1, CIDEA, PRDM16 and TMEM26 remained the same when comparing control and AICAR-treated white adipocytes. Our data point out that in human pericardial hADMSCs the role of AMPK activation in controlling beige differentiation is restricted to morphological features, but not to actual metabolic changes.

[Abdominal hernia repair with No-React treated bovine pericardial patch].

UNLABELLED In the last decades surgical treatment of abdominal wall hernias has extensively developed. Tension free reconstruction is essential to the successful operation, which can be achieved in many cases only with the use of hernia patch or mesh. Synthetic materials gained widespread use for this purpose, which markedly reduced recurrence rate; but they can cause infections and other serious complications. Various different types of meshes have been developed during the last years, but none of them meets entirely the requirements. The authors repaired epigastric hernias with intraperitoneal implantation of specially treated bovine pericardial patch in two patients to prevent infection. Both patients recovered without postoperative complications. Follow-up examination 7 and 15 months after the operation did not reveal recurrence or any other complications. The authors describe the applied surgical technique, the advantageous properties of the bovine patch and review the literature. CONCLUSION According to the early experiences of the authors as well as to data of the literature, the Shelhigh No-React bovine pericardial patch can be used safely and efficiently for the reconstruction of incisional hernias not suitable to direct repair. Further clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the usefulness of this method.

Incidence, survival and determinants of mortality following mesenteric angiography and continuous intra-arterial prostaglandin E1 perfusion for non-occlusive mesenterial ischaemia in cardiac surgery

Methods Our aim was to evaluate the incidence of NOMI, to analyze results of treatment and to identify variables associated with mortality. Hospital records and clinical data of patients treated for NOMI during the last 12 years were reviewed. Clinical outcomes and factors influencing mortality were studied. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the significance of risk factors on mortality with Fisher exact test or c2 test in categorical variables. Wilcoxon rank test was used to test the continuous variables.

Hasfali sérv műtéte No-React® eljárással készült borjúpericardium-folt beültetésévelr

UNLABELLED In the last decades surgical treatment of abdominal wall hernias has extensively developed. Tension free reconstruction is essential to the successful operation, which can be achieved in many cases only with the use of hernia patch or mesh. Synthetic materials gained widespread use for this purpose, which markedly reduced recurrence rate; but they can cause infections and other serious complications. Various different types of meshes have been developed during the last years, but none of them meets entirely the requirements. The authors repaired epigastric hernias with intraperitoneal implantation of specially treated bovine pericardial patch in two patients to prevent infection. Both patients recovered without postoperative complications. Follow-up examination 7 and 15 months after the operation did not reveal recurrence or any other complications. The authors describe the applied surgical technique, the advantageous properties of the bovine patch and review the literature. CONCLUSION According to the early experiences of the authors as well as to data of the literature, the Shelhigh No-React bovine pericardial patch can be used safely and efficiently for the reconstruction of incisional hernias not suitable to direct repair. Further clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the usefulness of this method.

Excision of the calcified mitral valve with ultrasound scalpel

Mitral valve excision using ultrasound device has not been a routine procedure yet. We used an ultrasonic scalpel for the excision of the calcified mitral valves, which shorten operation time. Further, this technique permits an excision of the valve without applying traction or elevation of the valve from the level of the annulus. This method was first tested on twenty fresh porcine hearts. Subsequently, this technique was carried out with very good results in 15 consecutive patients with calcified or scarred, and distorted mitral valves. Histological samples were taken from the excised human and porcine valves. In porcine histological specimens the destructive effect of the ultrasonic scalpel was measured of an average of 0.7 mm (minimum 0.5 mms, maximum 0.8 mms). However, in the human heart, this effect was an average of 1.1 mms (minimum 0.6 mms, maximum 2.2 mms). There were no early or late complications observed in any case. The authors recommend this technique for excision of calcified mitral valves in cardiac surgery.

A meszes mitralis billentyű sebészi kimetszése ultrahangvágóvalr

Mitral valve excision using ultrasound device has not been a routine procedure yet. We used an ultrasonic scalpel for the excision of the calcified mitral valves, which shorten operation time. Further, this technique permits an excision of the valve without applying traction or elevation of the valve from the level of the annulus. This method was first tested on twenty fresh porcine hearts. Subsequently, this technique was carried out with very good results in 15 consecutive patients with calcified or scarred, and distorted mitral valves. Histological samples were taken from the excised human and porcine valves. In porcine histological specimens the destructive effect of the ultrasonic scalpel was measured of an average of 0.7 mm (minimum 0.5 mms, maximum 0.8 mms). However, in the human heart, this effect was an average of 1.1 mms (minimum 0.6 mms, maximum 2.2 mms). There were no early or late complications observed in any case. The authors recommend this technique for excision of calcified mitral valves in cardiac surgery.

Hasfali sérv műtéte No-React® eljárással készült borjúpericardium-folt beültetésével Abdominal hernia repair with No-React® treated bovine pericardial patch

UNLABELLED In the last decades surgical treatment of abdominal wall hernias has extensively developed. Tension free reconstruction is essential to the successful operation, which can be achieved in many cases only with the use of hernia patch or mesh. Synthetic materials gained widespread use for this purpose, which markedly reduced recurrence rate; but they can cause infections and other serious complications. Various different types of meshes have been developed during the last years, but none of them meets entirely the requirements. The authors repaired epigastric hernias with intraperitoneal implantation of specially treated bovine pericardial patch in two patients to prevent infection. Both patients recovered without postoperative complications. Follow-up examination 7 and 15 months after the operation did not reveal recurrence or any other complications. The authors describe the applied surgical technique, the advantageous properties of the bovine patch and review the literature. CONCLUSION According to the early experiences of the authors as well as to data of the literature, the Shelhigh No-React bovine pericardial patch can be used safely and efficiently for the reconstruction of incisional hernias not suitable to direct repair. Further clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the usefulness of this method.

A meszes mitralis billentyű sebészi kimetszése ultrahangvágóval * Excision of the calcified mitral valve with ultracision knife

Mitral valve excision using ultrasound device has not been a routine procedure yet. We used an ultrasonic scalpel for the excision of the calcified mitral valves, which shorten operation time. Further, this technique permits an excision of the valve without applying traction or elevation of the valve from the level of the annulus. This method was first tested on twenty fresh porcine hearts. Subsequently, this technique was carried out with very good results in 15 consecutive patients with calcified or scarred, and distorted mitral valves. Histological samples were taken from the excised human and porcine valves. In porcine histological specimens the destructive effect of the ultrasonic scalpel was measured of an average of 0.7 mm (minimum 0.5 mms, maximum 0.8 mms). However, in the human heart, this effect was an average of 1.1 mms (minimum 0.6 mms, maximum 2.2 mms). There were no early or late complications observed in any case. The authors recommend this technique for excision of calcified mitral valves in cardiac surgery.