Leon Rosen

Four newly recognized adenoviruses.

Summary A number of strains of adenoviruses recovered from anal swabs of children in Washington, D. C., were found to belong to the 4 previously unrecognized adenovirus serotypes (BP-1, BP-2, BP-4, BP-5) described in this report. The Adenovirus Committee of the Nat. Inst. of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has recommended that these viruses be designated adenovirus types 25, 26, 27, and 28 respectively. The authors are indebted to Mrs. J. Hovis, Mr. R. Low, Mr. H. Turner, and Mrs. M. Wormald for valuable technical assistance.

Further Observation on typing Adenoviruses and a Description of Two Possible Additional Serotypes.

Summary “Prime” strains of adenovirus types 16, 17, and 27 and 2 possible newly-recognized adenoviruses are described. Data are presented on cross HI reactions among members of 2 adenovirus subgroups.

Homologous and Heterologous Complement Fixing Antibody in Persons Infected with ECHO, Coxsackie and Poliomyelitis Viruses

Summary A study of heterologous CF antibody responses in persons naturally or experimentally infected with ECHO virus types 10, 16, and 20, Coxsackie B virus type 3, or poliovirus type 1, indicated an antigenic relationship between the following viruses: ECHO types 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 14, 16, and 20, Coxsackie B virus types 1, 3, 4, and 5. No antigenic relationship was noted between ECHO virus type 10 and any of the other enteroviruses.

Observations on some Little-Known Adenoviruses.

Summary The occurrence of a number of little-known adenovirus serotypes in children in an institution in Washington, D. C., is described. These viruses, which included types 9, 10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, BP-6, and BP-7 were isolated almost exclusively from anal specimens. As a group they were almost as common as the better known serotypes 1, 2, 3, and 5. It was shown that the latter types, although frequently present in routine throat specimens, were also more frequently isolated from routine anal specimens. Homotypic hemagglutination-inhibition antibody rises were demonstrated in children infected with most of the little-known serotypes.

Hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with Coxsackie B viruses.

Summary Agglutination of human erythrocytes by Coxsackie B virus types 1 and 5 is reported. Optimum titers were obtained with a sedimentation temperature of 37†C and the erythrocytes of newborn infants. A hemagglutination–inhibition (HI) procedure employing Coxsackie B virus types 1, 3, and 5 was used to test paired sera from 25 children infected with Coxsackie B virus types 3. 4. and 5. A significant homologous response was detected in every case except one. A few heterologous responses occurred in children with pre–existing HI antibody to one or more of the 3 test antigens.

Hemagglutination-Inhibition Antibody Responses in Human Adenovirus Infections

Summary Paired sera from 36 children naturally infected with adenovirus types 1, 2, 3, or 5 and from 27 adults naturally infected with adenovirus types 4 or 7 were studied for homotypic and heterotypic hem-agglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies and for complement-fixing (CF) antibody. Homotypic HI responses were observed in most instances. Heterotypic HI responses were relatively uncommon among the children but occurred in adults with about the same frequency as has been reported for heterotypic neutralizing antibody responses in the same type of population. Significant CF antibody responses were detected in most of the adults but in less than one-half of the children.

ECHO VIRUS TYPE 25, INFECTION IN ADULT VOLUNTEERS.

Summary Eight antibody-negative and 3 antibody-positive adult volunteers were inoculated with ECHO virus, type 25. Infection of antibody-negative individuals resulted in respiratory illness in 4 volunteers. The illnesses which were associated with low-grade fever in 3 men were characterized by pharyngitis and cervical adenitis. Inoculation of antibody-positive individuals failed to cause illness but was associated with limited virus shedding in 2 of 3 subjects.