Leonardo José Cordeiro Santos

Morphostructural Mapping of Paraná State, Brazil

Abstract Please click here to download the map associated with this article. The methods used to prepare the morphostructural map of Paraná were based upon morphostructure and morphosculpture concepts to classify the landforms. Information from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission was used to prepare a Digital Elevation Model from which boundaries between different textural units were mapped and geomorphological units identified. The 1:250,000 scale adopted allowed the use of a three level classification of Morphostructural Units, Morphosculptural Units and Morphosculptural Sub-Units. At the 1st level the following morphostructural units were identified: the Atlantic Orogenic Belt, the Sedimentary Basin of Paraná and the Cenozoic Sedimentary Basins and Tectonic Depressions. At the 2nd level the following morphosculptural units were identified: the Serra do Mar (Sea Mountain Range), Isolated Hills and the First Plateau of Paraná, the Second and Third Plateaus, and the Coastal, Fluviomarine and Fluvial Plains. At the 3rd level fifty morphosculptural sub-units were mapped. This work meet the demand that exists for a systematic geomorphological base that will supply information for the States planning system, as well as for geological, ecological-economic and hydrological resources studies, among others.

Distribuição de K, eU e eTh e avaliação da dose anual de radiação na região do Granito Serra do Carambeí - PR

This study was conducted in an area of 14 km in length oriented in the NNE direction by 7.3 km wide, covering the totality of the Serra do CarambeiGranite and adjacent units. Located in the northern region of the Alagados dam, Parana State, this granite contains relatively high concentrations of K, eU and eTh, known since the 1970s through airborne and terrestrial gamma-ray spectrometry surveys. Recent radiochemical tests conducted on 61 samples of geological materials such as rocks (17 samples) and material of the weathering mantle and alluvial deposits (44 samples), confirmed the occurrence of radioactive anomalies in this granite, especially in thorium and uranium. The contents of K, eU and eTh obtained in gamma-ray spectrometry survey and radiochemical tests, converted to annual radiation dose (ARD), allowed to evaluate the intensity of natural radiation, whose levels relatively high in certain regions of the study area, can offer hazard to the local populations. The analysis and interpretation of data, as well the preparation of contour maps of K, eU and eTh were fundamental to understand the behavior and mobility of radionuclides in different environmental compartments of the area.

Potencialidade do Índice de Posição Topográfica no Mapeamento Pedológico Preditivo em uma Sub-Bacia do Rio Capricórnio-PR

The soils of the northwest of the state of Parana have a high intensity of erosive processes due to its physical-natural characteristics, and these processes initiate in the Ultisols, located in the lower thirds of the slope and evolve reassembling towards the Oxisols. Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) can assist the detailing of existing pedological maps, because the topographic attributes extracted from the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) can predict soil classes. The attribute Topographic Position Index (TPI) compartmentalizes the slope in portions of lower thirds, closer to the bottom of valleys, and the upper thirds, near the water partings. Applied in the sub-basin of the Capricornio River, this index showed great representativeness in the distribution of the studied soils. By cross-tabulation, the TPI was combined with the topographic attribute slope allowing to define three groups: Oxisols, in the upper and middle thirds of the slopes, with gentle slopes; Ultisols, in the lower thirds, of steeper slopes; and the third, which is a transition between both groups. By the DSM, the distribution of the Ultisols in the basin was 14,7 % of the total area. Oxisols extended in most of the basin, with 76,1 %. The portions with transitional soils occupied 9,2 %. The importance of DSM is highlighted, since it can detail more precisely maps less detailed.

Morphostructure of the Serra Do Mar, Paraná State, Brazil

ABSTRACT The morphostructural map of the Serra do Mar in Paraná was (Main Map) made of geologic and geomorphologic data obtained from fieldwork, satellite images, topographic data and information from previous studies. Six important escarpments limited by geologic structures, eight morphostructural units and four morphostructural domains were mapped. Kinematic data and the directions of the main families of faults, interpreted using digital elevation models, permitted us to characterize morphostructures that were generated by Cenozoic deformation events superimposed over older tectonic events. In many cases, we could also identify and map neotectonic features.

OS ÍNDICES DE REPRESENTAÇÃO DO RELEVO COMO SUPORTE PARA O ZONEAMENTO AMBIENTAL DE UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO – ESTUDO DE CASO DA FLORESTA NACIONAL DE IRATI

A presente pesquisa propos a utilizacao dos Indices de Representacao do Relevo como suporte na determinacao do Zoneamento Ambiental. De posse dos indices e de uma proposta de zoneamento (baseada no uso do solo) da area, realizou-se a Tabulacao Cruzada, demonstrando a (in)compatibilidade entre as Classes Limitantes (resultante dos indices) e a tipologia de atividades previstas para as Classes de Zoneamento. O cruzamento destas informacoes mostrou coerencia, entre as atividades e grau de fragilidade nas Zonas de Uso Publico, Especial, de Conservacao, de Uso Restrito e Intangivel. No entanto, a retirada da cobertura vegetal, prevista para a Zona de Manejo, pode desencadear problemas erosivos, devido suas condicoes clinograficas e pedologicas.

Antonina Bay and Superagui Island: A Mosaic of Mountains, Coastal Plain, and Atlantic Forest

The coastal plains of Parana are located in the south of Brazil and spread over 105 km, with a maximum width of 55 km, fringed with bays, lengthy tidal flats, and sedimentary islands, framed inland by the Serra do Mar mountain ridge. This ridge is one of the highest massifs in Brazil, running from the Espirito Santo State to the Santa Catarina State and considered to be one of the most important scenic landscapes in Brazil. It provides a context to the Superagui Island and the Antonina Bay. They were both important locations in the historical process of occupation of the coastal area of the State of Parana and for featuring one of the most pristine areas of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Several Conservation Units were created, supported by very strict legislation. The Superagui Island is formed by coastal plains with sand strips, created as a consequence of the fluctuation of the relative sea level during the Quaternary. The Antonina Bay, more than just an estuary, should be seen as a part of a large estuarine system, consisting of several bodies of water, interconnected in a complex geological and geomorphological framework. In the Antonina Bay, silting rates are increasing and the volume of newly deposited sediments requires dredging to maintain the operation of the port. Geomorphological consequences include the creation of flat islands in the region, which, although revealing a silting process, offer scenic beauty through the contrast created by the proximity of the mountains to the coastal plains.

Compartimentação geomorfológica da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Itu: oeste do Rio Grande do Sul - Brasil

A geomorfologia utiliza a identificacao das formas de relevo, por meio de estudo de sua origem, estrutura, natureza das rochas, clima e dos fatores endogenos e exogenos responsaveis pelo modelado ou formacao de determinados elementos da superficie terrestre. Neste sentido, estabeleceu-se uma proposta de compartimentacao geomorfologica da bacia hidrografica do Rio Itu. Como base metodologica do trabalho, utilizou-se a proposta de Ross (1990, 1992), os mapas e as discussoes apresentadas por Robaina et. al (2010) no estudo da bacia hidrografica do Rio Ibicui. No levantamento cartografico, adotaram-se cartas topograficas 1:50.000, imagens de satelite e trabalhos de campo. Foram determinados os atributos da rede de drenagem, as caracteristicas do relevo, o substrato geologico e os tipos de solos. A integracao dos dados e a compilacao dos mapas permitiram a definicao dos diferentes niveis taxonomicos. Nos tres primeiros niveis de compartimentacao, utilizou-se, como base, a bacia hidrografica do Rio Ibicui. A partir do quarto nivel taxonomico, estabeleceram-se as unidades geomorfologicas especificamente para a bacia hidrografica do Rio Itu (BHRI), onde foram definidas oito unidades de formas de relevo: Colinas de arenito, Morrotes de arenito, Cornijas de arenito, Rampa aluvio coluvio, Colinas vulcânicas de topo plano, Relevo escarpado, Morrotes de rocha vulcânica e Colinas de rocha vulcânica. No quinto e sexto niveis, sao apresentadas as formas das vertentes e as feicoes caracteristicas das unidades de relevo, sendo mais frequentes as curvaturas retilineo-convergentes e as feicoes de areias e vocorocas. A analise geomorfologica apresenta elementos fundamentais ao gerenciamento do meio e, portanto, e uma ferramenta indispensavel ao planejamento ambiental.