Leonardo Marques Monteiro

Modelo adaptativo de conforto para avaliação in loco de espaços urbanos abertos

Espacos urbanos abertos possibilitam menor controle das variaveis ambientais do que espacos fechados, que apresentam maior grau de confinamento. Por outro lado, as possibilidades de adaptacao dos usuarios nos espacos abertos acabam sendo maiores devido aos seus usos predominantes. O objetivo deste artigo e verificar possiveis meios de adaptacao termica, tais como atividades, vestimentas e aclimatacao, para a proposicao de ajustes na Temperatura Equivalente de Globo, que e utilizada para avaliacao in loco de espacos urbanos abertos. Foram realizados levantamentos de campo com quantificacao de variaveis ambientais e aplicacao de questionarios, e comparacao dos resultados de modelos preditivos e diferentes bases empiricas. O estudo considerou diferentes atividades fisicas, diferentes conjuntos de vestimenta e diferentes condicoes de aclimatacao. Os resultados indicaram a necessidade de ampliacoes na base empirica para os dados relativos as atividades e vestimentas. Com relacao a aclimatacao, considerando a temperatura do ar media horaria dos trinta dias anteriores a que estavam expostos os entrevistados, sua verificacao demonstrou que, dentro dos limites do estudo, a abordagem adotada de propor ajustes na Temperatura Equivalente de Globo, e adequada,. Os resultados do modelo ajustado com base nos resultados de aclimatacao dos entrevistados apresentaram correlacao mais alta com as bases empiricas do que os resultados do modelo originalmente proposto.

Comparação cruzada entre pesquisas laboratoriais e de campo em conforto térmico em espaços abertos urbanos

Este artigo apresenta uma comparacao cruzada entre pesquisas laboratoriais e de campo em conforto termico em espacos abertos urbanos. O objetivo da pesquisa e verificar comparativamente os resultados de bases empiricas laboratoriais e de campo, estabelecidas na cidade de Sao Paulo. Para tanto, consideram-se modelos preditivos desenvolvidos, adaptados ou utilizados em pesquisas de conforto termico em espacos abertos. Ao mesmo tempo, verificam-se comparativamente os referidos modelos, com indicacao de uso daqueles que apresentaram resultados mais significativos para diferentes aplicacoes. O metodo utilizado e empirico-indutivo, por meio de coleta de dados laboratoriais e levantamentos em campo (variaveis microclimaticas, pessoais e subjetivas), apoiado por metodo teorico-dedutivo, por meio de simulacoes computacionais (29 indices referentes a 20 modelos preditivos). Verificou-se que os resultados das respostas de percepcao de sensacao termica apresentam-se menos prediziveis no Bairro da Luz (levantamento de campo) do que na Cidade Universitaria (coleta laboratorial). Com relacao aos indices, o indice de carga termica, a temperatura equivalente percebida e a nova temperatura efetiva corrigida foram os que apresentaram resultados mais significativos, sendo indicada a aplicacao para cada um deles.

Indoor Spaces Environmental Evaluation for Office Buildings at CUASO—Applicability of the BOSSA Time Lapse

This study assesses the user perception of the Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) of workspaces by means of application of the BOSSA Time-Lapse System—developed by the University of Sydney and University of Technology, Sydney/Australia. It is a Building Occupancy Survey System Australian (BOSSA) tool, designed to assess the IEQ of workspaces by means of a questionnaire. Supporting the current Master Plan of the Armando Salles de Oliveira University Campus (CUASO), its buildings are being used as case studies for the development of BOSSA Brazil System. The first case study was conducted at the Laboratory of Environmental and Energy Studies (LABAUT), located at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of Sao Paulo (FAUUSP). This study was conducted into two different stages. Stage 1, named BOSSA Time-Lapse Base Case, was comprised of 12 volunteers participating in a critical analysis, helping to: (1) understand the functionality of the BOSSA Time-Lapse System; (2) identify translation issues and inconsistency in the questions and, (3) adapt the BOSSA System, which was developed in Australia, to the Brazilian reality. Stage 2, named Second Application of BOSSA Time-Lapse questionnaire, was comprised of four different volunteers invited to respond to the questionnaire without any influence from the researchers. Stage 2 helped to: (1) evaluate the user satisfaction/dissatisfaction with his/her workspace; and, (2) analyze his/her relations with the environment and the building architecture, using the BOSSA Time-Lapse questionnaire. Results show that the translation issues should be reviewed, and that the building has a high level of satisfaction among its users. The dissatisfaction results show high levels of noise, lack of privacy and natural light in some workstations, mostly related to workspace layout. The questionnaire applied at stage 2 identified different results when it comes to satisfaction and/or dissatisfaction with environmental comfort issues. This analysis will contribute to the understanding of the BOSSA Time-Lapse questionnaire, and its application in office buildings in Brazil, as well as to analyze variables of the building IEQ. It will also help to understand the use and application of the BOSSA System methodology internationally.

Assessment of Outdoor Comfort Conditions Based on the Application of a Participative Model in Open Urban Spaces

This paper presents the development of a mobile device application for the implementation of a participative model for evaluation of open spaces. Participants would be users of the Cidade Universitaria Armando Salles Oliveira (CUASO) Campus. The objective is to verify their perception of open spaces with regards to thermal environmental conditions; acoustics; daylight and ergonomic, and enable quick acquisition of these opinions. Thus, the name of the application: Opine. The participative model will provide quantitative subsidies as to the number of users of open spaces and their perception of these spaces and point towards a possible calibration which represents the process of climate adaptation. Studies in the area of environmental comfort and climate in open spaces presuppose the acquisition of data pertaining to environmental conditions, the physical characterization of spaces and users’ opinions, gathered by subjective answers. The last years have shown that, despite the technology used in field researches, part of this information could be acquired in a more dynamic manner. The development of the application led us to think of it as merely a questionnaire, as it would be more direct and easy to understand. Furthermore, an application with a questionnaire could be interesting, as campus users can voice their opinion and make their criticisms (or compliments) heard. The mobile application was developed, initially, for the investigation of user comfort in open spaces of the Campus Cidade Universitaria Armando Salles Oliveira, in Sao Paulo, Brazil, but can also be used for the analysis of other open urban spaces. The application was developed for Android systems, with the following characteristics regarded as relevant: easy to understand; clear; organized; easy to read. It should also be visually instinctive to the user, making the data acquisition process more agile and also enabling the rapid and dynamic treatment of the data, providing fast and easy further calculations based on the index of Temperature of Equivalent Perception (TEP) for the assessment of outdoor comfort.