Leonas Povilas Lingaitis

Ecological Aspects of Using Biological Diesel Oil in Railway Transport

The number of various transport facilities used in Europe is rapidly growing. They release a big amount of pollutants into the atmosphere. Therefore, environment protection from these pollutants ejected by internal combustion engines is a key problem facing us today and which will be acute in the future. Biofuel is the only effective and widely used alternative fuel which can reduce pollution of the environment. The main aim of the present paper is to perform a comparative analysis of burnt gases of engines using rapeseed oil methyl ester and petroleum diesel oil and to determine ecological effectiveness of biofuel used in diesel locomotive engines in railway transport.

Electrodynamic braking in high‐speed rail transport

Abstract The paper considers electrodynamic braking of trains, which is of particular importance for high‐speed railway transport from theoretical and technical perspectives. Braking methods used for high‐speed trains should ensure compatibility and redundancy of braking systems. They include a mechanical method (based on adding frictional disks to wheelsets), as well as magnetic braking, which is being currently implemented and based on eddy currents, etc. High‐speed trains have AC/DC engines, for which the principles of electric braking can be applied. Electrodynamic braking is of particular importance for high‐speed transport using linear motors and developing the speed of 400–500 km/h. These traction rolling stocks will not have commonly used trucks. The tests in this area are being conducted in Japan and Germany now. The paper suggests some theoretical and practical solutions to these problems. Schematic diagrams of the locomotive braking and ways of controlling the braking force by varying electric ...

Modelling the interaction between railway wheel and rail

The article presents a mathematical model for assessing the real operating conditions of railway rolling stock, taking into account the situations when the wheel loses contact with rail. The obtained amplitudinal fluctuation characteristics depend on the set roughness function and the running speed of the wheel. When calculating dynamic processes, the contact between wheel and rail should be considered unstable. With the increase of speed, the impact of this instability increases.

The Economic Effect of Using Biological Diesel Oil on Railway Transport

Abstract The tests performed by the authors have shown that diesel locomotive engines efficiently operate using a mixture of diesel oil and about 40% of rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) while their ecological and economical parameters do not differ much from those of the locomotives operating on pure diesel oil. When biodiesel is used, the pollutants released into the atmosphere by an engine are less harmful. Therefore, the respective laws of the Republic of Lithuania provide for some financial incentives and allowances to transport enterprises using biological diesel oil. The paper presents a mathematical model for determining the expenses associated with the use of biological diesel oil.

Determination of the dynamic characteristics of freight wagons with various bogie

In most cases, dynamic characteristics determine the wagon maintenance cycle, traffic safety, reliability and durability performance. The main dynamic indicators include the vertical Kvd and horizontal Khd dynamic coefficients as well as the stability coefficient Ks, which determines the wheel flange resistance to derailment. The article compares dynamic indications for three different types of bogies. There were no tangible differences observed for all the three different types of bogies running at a speed of 40 to 120 km/h on a direct tangent rail section. Nevertheless, there is a realistic potential to improve the dynamic indicators of a freight wagon by rationalising suspension unit parameters.

Electric drives of traction rolling stocks with AC motors

Abstract The paper considers the variation of circuit design of the electric drives in traction rolling stocks when traditional DC electric machines are replaced with AC electric machines. Simplified circuit diagrams of the electric drives using electric machines of non‐commutator type are offered. Operational defects of DC traction engines are weighed against some positive characteristics of direct current series excitation in traction engines, determining their extensive use in the electric drives of traction rolling stocks. However, the rapid development of semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristors and IGBT transistors, led to the creation of a great variety of semiconductor inverters. This made it possible to develop an autonomous three‐phase power supply system for diesel locomotives and algorithms for the AC traction motors and to obtain engine characteristics matching the tractive force by using voltage frequency and current inverters. A mathematical justification of the engine torque and tractive for...

THE ASPECT OF VECTOR CONTROL USING THE ASYNCHRONOUS TRACTION MOTOR IN LOCOMOTIVES

Abstract The article examines curves controlling asynchronous traction motors increasingly used in locomotive electric drives the main task of which is to create a tractive effort‐speed curve of an ideal locomotive Fk = f(v), including a hyperbolic area the curve of which will create conditions showing that energy created by the diesel engine of diesel locomotives (electric locomotives and in case of electric trains, electricity taken from the contact network) over the entire range of locomotive speed is turned into efficient work. Mechanical power on wheel sets is constant Pk = Fkv = const, the power of the diesel engine is fully used over the entire range of locomotive speed. Tractive effort‐speed curve Fk(v) shows the dependency of locomotive traction power Fk on movement speed v. The article presents theoretical and practical aspects relevant to creating the structure of locomotive electric drive and selecting optimal control that is especially relevant to creating the structure of locomotive electric...

Determining Major Factors Causing the Wear of Wheelset Tyres

Graphical representation of laws governing the abrasion of locomotive wheelsets shows different distribution of values obtained for oiled and not oiled wheelset tyres. When wheelset tyres are oiled, the much higher deviation of abrasion values can be observed. This allows us to assume that oiling is more important for reducing the wear of not heavily loaded wheelset tyres.

Analysis of locomotive wheel sets wearing

Abstract Wearing dynamics of traction rolling-stock wheel tyres of diesel locomotives was investigated. Based on research results it is possible to predict wheel-tyre safety margin, to improve maintenance and state periodicity of repair, as well as to use traction rolling-stock repair funds most efficiently.

Investigating the dynamics of passenger rolling stock deterioration

Abstract One of the major economic criteria is associated with the growth of maintenance costs of old rail vehicles. The research aims to determine the ageing criteria of passenger rolling stock, which could take into account fuel, diesel oil and repair costs. Therefore, economic criteria based on the above costs are generated and their comparative analysis is made. The research object is Vilnius locomotive depot.