Leslie P. Kish

A new variant of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus

Abstract A variant of the baculovirus, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, has been isolated in Idaho during an epizootic disease in a field population of A. californica. Genotypic characterization indicates that the virus is distinct from variants previously characterized. Analysis of five clones, derived by plaque purification in cell culture, indicates relative homogeneity of the original virus isolate. Further exploration of the factors involved in natural genetic variability of baculoviruses is appropriate.

Isozyme characterization of ascosphaerales associated with bees. I: Ascosphaera apis, Ascosphaera proliperda, and Ascosphaera aggregata

ABSTRACTAcrylamide gel electrophoretic studies were conducted to characterize three chalkbrood fungi associated with bees. Of 28 enzyme assays, acrylamide gel electrophoresis detected 12 enzymes an...

Cytological development of Ascosphaera atra

Cytological studies of Ascosphaera atra were carried out using light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As mycelial growth becomes extensive, short lateral hyphal branches develop at irregular intervals near the growing tips of vegetative hyphae. Nuclei from vegetative hyphae migrate into these lateral processes, multiply, and disperse within terminal and subterminal cells formed by the development of two septa. Cyst primordia are multinucleate. Nuclei enter the cyst through a pore in the septum separating the terminal and subterminal cells. Nuclei migrating into the cyst are contained within an elongated membranous inclusion that develops one or more septa. Nuclei undergo repeated divisions within the developing cyst, and some of them appear to govern a process of spore formation that is characteristically observable as the association of a mitotically dividing nucleus with an area of homogeneous, nongranular, nonmembrane-bound cytoplasm. This area of cytoplasm develops into sporeballs. There is no evidence of Woronin bodies, ascogenous hyphae, croziers, or asci at the light or TEM level. Ascosphaera atra does not fit into the emended ordinal description of Ascosphaerales proposed by Skou.

The effect of high temperatures on spore germination of Ascosphaera aggregata

Abstract Vials containing spores of Ascosphaera aggregara were subjected to temperatures of 65°, 75°, 85°, and 95°C for 8-, 16-, and 24-hr periods at each temperature level in order to simulate disinfection heat treatments and determine the effect of temperature on spore viability. Significant ( P > 0.0001) differences were noted for spore germination after heat treatment relative to the origin of the spores, the temperatures to which they were exposed, and for the duration of the heat treatment. An analysis of test responses of all isolates demonstrated significant overall differences in germination by geographic location of origin and temperature relative to duration of the treatment, by location and treatment duration relative to temperature, and temperature and duration of treatment relative to the geographic location of origin.

Isozyme characterization of Ascosphaerales associated with bees. IV: Analyses

A dendrogram was constructed that utilized indices of genetic distance for all isolates tested in an isozyme characterization of Ascosphaerales. The Ascosphaerales clustered into three groups: (1) A. proliperda and A. atra, (2) mating types of A. apis, and (3) A. asterophora and A. major. Ascosphaera aggregata and Bettsia alvei did not cluster consistently with other isolates.

Isozyme Characterization of Ascosphaerales Associated With Bees. III. Bettsia Alvei

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