Leslie Wu

Programming by a sample: rapidly creating web applications with d.mix

Source-code examples of APIs enable developers to quickly gain a gestalt understanding of a librarys functionality, and they support organically creating applications by incrementally modifying a functional starting point. As an increasing number of web sites provide APIs, significantlatent value lies in connecting the complementary representations between site and service - in essence, enabling sites themselves to be the example corpus. We introduce d.mix, a tool for creating web mashups that leverages this site-to-service correspondence. With d.mix, users browse annotated web sites and select elements to sample. d.mixs sampling mechanism generates the underlying service calls that yield those elements. This code can be edited, executed, and shared in d.mixs wiki-based hosting environment. This sampling approach leverages pre-existing web sites as example sets and supports fluid composition and modification of examples. An initial study with eight participants found d.mix to enable rapid experimentation, and suggested avenues for improving its annotation mechanism.

Supporting crisis response with dynamic procedure aids

Checklist usage can increase performance in complex, high-risk domains. While paper checklists are valuable, they are static, slow to access, and show both too much and too little information. We introduce Dynamic Procedure Aids to address four key problems in checklist usage: ready access to aids, rapid assimilation of content, professional acceptance, and limited attention. To understand their efficacy for crisis response, we created the dpAid software system. Its design arose through a multi-year participation in medical crisis response training featuring realistic team simulations. A study comparing Dynamic Procedure Aids, paper, and no aid, found that participants with Dynamic Procedure Aids performed significantly better than with paper or no aid. This study introduces the narrative simulation paradigm for comparatively assessing expert procedural performance through a score-and-correct approach.

Vispedia: on-demand data integration for interactive visualization and exploration

Wikipedia is an example of the large, collaborative, semi-structured data sets emerging on the Web. Typically, before these data sets can be used, they must transformed into structured tables via data integration. We present Vispedia, a Web-based visualization system which incorporates data integration into an iterative, interactive data exploration and analysis process. This reduces the upfront cost of using heterogeneous data sets like Wikipedia. Vispedia is driven by a keyword-query-based integration interface implemented using a fast graph search. The search occurs interactively over DBpedias semantic graph of Wikipedia, without depending on the existence of a structured ontology. This combination of data integration and visualization enables a broad class of non-expert users to more effectively use the semi-structured data available on the Web.

Maintaining shared mental models in anesthesia crisis care with nurse tablet input and large-screen displays

In an effort to reduce medical errors, doctors are beginning to embrace cognitive aids, such as paper-based checklists. We describe the early stage design process of an interactive cognitive aid for crisis care teams. This process included collaboration with anesthesia professors in the school of medicine and observation of medical students practicing in simulated scenarios. Based on these insights, we identify opportunities to employ large-screen displays and coordinated tablets to support team performance. We also propose a system design for interactive cognitive aids intended to encourage a shared mental model amongst crisis care staff.

Head-mounted and multi-surface displays support emergency medical teams

Emergency medical teams collaborate to solve problems and take care of patients under time pressure and high cognitive load, in noisy and complex environments. This paper presents preliminary work in the design and evaluation of head-mounted and multi-surface displays in supporting teams with interactive checklists and more generally dynamic cognitive aids.

Medical operating documents: dynamic checklists improve crisis attention

The attentional aspects of crisis computing - supporting highly trained teams as they respond to real-life emergencies - have been underexplored in the user interface community. My research investigates the development of interactive software systems that support crisis teams, with an eye towards intelligently managing attention. In this paper, I briefly describe MDOCS, a Medical operating DOCuments System built for time-critical interaction. MDOCS is a multi-user, multi-surface software system that implements dynamic checklists and interactive cognitive aids written to support medical crisis teams. I present the results of a study that evaluates the deployment of MDOCS in a realistic, mannequin-based medical simulator used by anesthesiologists. I propose controlled laboratory experiments that evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of our design principles and attentional interaction techniques.

Interactive cognitive aids in medicine

Cognitive aids such as checklists have been shown to benefit medical teams working in routine and crisis environments. This video presents a team of physicians reacting to a simulated operating room emergency, demonstrating potential benefits of interactive cognitive aids in medicine.

Programming by a sample

Publisher Summary This chapter describes how modeling the correspondence between site and service can enable a Web site to serve as an automatic code example corpus for its service application programming interface (API). Many popular Web sites offer a public API that allows Web developers to access site data and functionality programmatically. The site and its API offer two complementary views of the same underlying functionality. This chapter introduces d.mix, a Web development tool that leverages this site-to-service correspondence to rapidly create Web service–based applications. With d.mix, users browse annotated Web sites and select elements on the page they would like to access programmatically. It then generates code for the underlying Web service calls that yield those elements. This code can be edited, executed, and shared in a wiki-based hosting environment. The application d.mix leverages preexisting Web sites as example sets and supports rapid composition and modification of examples. d.mix has been regarded as a building block toward new authoring environments that facilitate prototyping of rich data and interaction models.

Programming by a sample: Leveraging Web sites to program their underlying services

Publisher Summary This chapter describes how modeling the correspondence between site and service can enable a Web site to serve as an automatic code example corpus for its service application programming interface (API). Many popular Web sites offer a public API that allows Web developers to access site data and functionality programmatically. The site and its API offer two complementary views of the same underlying functionality. This chapter introduces d.mix, a Web development tool that leverages this site-to-service correspondence to rapidly create Web service–based applications. With d.mix, users browse annotated Web sites and select elements on the page they would like to access programmatically. It then generates code for the underlying Web service calls that yield those elements. This code can be edited, executed, and shared in a wiki-based hosting environment. The application d.mix leverages preexisting Web sites as example sets and supports rapid composition and modification of examples. d.mix has been regarded as a building block toward new authoring environments that facilitate prototyping of rich data and interaction models.

Chapter 10 – Programming by a sample: Leveraging Web sites to program their underlying services

Publisher Summary This chapter describes how modeling the correspondence between site and service can enable a Web site to serve as an automatic code example corpus for its service application programming interface (API). Many popular Web sites offer a public API that allows Web developers to access site data and functionality programmatically. The site and its API offer two complementary views of the same underlying functionality. This chapter introduces d.mix, a Web development tool that leverages this site-to-service correspondence to rapidly create Web service–based applications. With d.mix, users browse annotated Web sites and select elements on the page they would like to access programmatically. It then generates code for the underlying Web service calls that yield those elements. This code can be edited, executed, and shared in a wiki-based hosting environment. The application d.mix leverages preexisting Web sites as example sets and supports rapid composition and modification of examples. d.mix has been regarded as a building block toward new authoring environments that facilitate prototyping of rich data and interaction models.