Lie Jasa

Designing angle bowl of turbine for Micro-hydro at tropical area

Tropical area has two seasons, which are rainy and dry seasons. In the rainy season. In the rainy season, the river flows a large amount of water, usually causing flood, conversely, the river shrinks in the dry season. The Excess water can be used to turn turbines. Turbine which is used to turn the generator will produce electric energy. To generate electrical energy in a long time with the condition of the changing seasons, an efficient turbine is required beside the water level, pressure and diameter of the turbine should be considered. In this paper we discus the turbine bowl angle settings to get the maximum volume of water to produce maximum torque of the turbine. With level of water 17 meter, the transmission pulley 4 step, produce rotation of turbine 23-25 rpm, rotation rate of the the generator is 1500 rpm. By using the Matlab simulation, volume turbine bowl will maximum at 5.574 cm3 calculated by angle theta 11 degrees and alpha 9 degrees. Thus, these conditions produce the greatest torque. The Micro hydro in Dusun Gambuk Pupuan Tabanan Bali [19], [20] now only produces power of 700 watts, then by adjustments angel bowl of turbine generated electricity double before now about 1400 Watt.

PID CONTROL FOR MICRO-HYDRO POWER PLANTS BASED ON NEURAL NETWORK

Micro-hydro power plants are power plants with small capacity, which is built in specific locations. The main problem of micro-hydro is the voltage generated is not stable at 220 VA and frequency of 50 Hz. A microhydro that was constructed by Lie Jasa et al. in Gambuk village at Pupuan sub-district, Tabanan district of Bali province, Indonesia in 2010 is still an open loop system in which spin turbine is stable when it is set from the high water level in reservoirs. This will be problematic when the generator load changes. This study will overcome the problem by proposing to build a closed loop system from the change in output frequency for the control circuit. The control circuit is a circuit constructed neural networkbased PID control by using the Brandt-Lin algorithm to control the governor. The governor function is to regulate the amount volume of water running into turbine. By applying Matlab simulation, the result shows that the best output is obtained when the the change in frequency will stabilize at about 40 seconds and using the value of Kp = 0.0637533, Ki=0.00021801 and Kd=0.00301846.

Experimental Investigation of Micro-Hydro Waterwheel Models to Determine Optimal Efficiency

The waterwheel is the main component in the energy conversion process of micro-hydro power. The amount of energy converted by the waterwheel depends on its model, blade shape, location, and position. Our objective in this study was to identify the waterwheel characteristics that yield optimal efficiency. We designed and created three prototype waterwheel models, tested them, and collected data for analysis. Measurement data related to various adjustments in the position and angle of the nozzle with respect to the blades. The results show that triangular rather than straight or curved blades yielded the highest efficiency, but that the location characteristics strongly influence the optimum angle positions of the nozzle etc.

Modeling and control of permanent magnet synchronous generator variable speed wind turbine

The use of wind energy as a source of electrical energy is increasing along with the limited fossil energy and increase environmental awareness to the greenhouse effect. This paper presents the modeling and control of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for wind turbines. To get optimal power, the generator must be able to rotate at the optimum speed so that it is required speed controller for PMSG. Speed control is done by control of the current by using the PI controller. PI controller is chosen because of its simplicity and easy to implement. Based on the results of the simulation, modeling and control of PMSG produces good performance.

A new design of Banki's water turbine model for pico hydro in Tabanan Bali

Output power, speed, and efficiency of water turbines are affected by the curvature angle of the blade; this is because the energy of water flowing is absorbed by the blade of turbine. In this paper, the curvature angle of the blade of Bankis water turbine model is investigated to obtain the highest output power, speed, and efficiency of the water turbine. The experimental model is used to investigate the curvature angle of the blade. The result shows that 15° provides a higher output of power, speed, and efficiency than 16°. This is even though 16° is commonly used for commercial production. In this research, “Bankis model produces a maximum of 132 RPM (Revolution Per Minute). The result of multiplying the diameter of the turbine with a generator pulley diameter is equal to 14.