Lieselotte Jokl

Remoção de polifenóis da farinha de folhas de mandioca

Even featuring a relatively high level in proteins, the flour of cassavaleaves presents low digestibility, mainly, due to the presence of such substances as polyphenols. Seeking to improve the protein availability of such flour, three solvents (water, ethanol 50mL/100mL and ammonium hydroxide 1mol/L) were used for the removal of the polyphenols. Mature leaves of cassava were picked in phase of vegetative development, in three repetitions, they were placed in paper trays and dried under shadow, on a wood bench, in a shut and airy place, at room temperature. After drying, the petioles were removed and the leaves were ground and sieved using 40-mesh sieve. The flour was submitted, before e after removal of polyphenols, to the analyses of moisture, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), total sugars, crude protein, vitamin total C, b-carotene, cyanide, trypsin inhibitor, polyphenols and in vitro protein digestibility. After the removal of the polyphenols, there was a decrease in the levels of total sugars, vitamin total C, trypsin inhibitor and polyphenols and an increase in the levels of NDF, ADF, crude protein, b-carotene and in vitro protein digestibility. Of the solvents employed in the removal the polyphenols, the ammonium hydroxide was the most effective, with index of removal of 94%, followed by the ethanol (83%) and water (65%). The in vitro protein digestibility increased of 74%, when the solvent employed in the removal of the polyphenols was the ammonium hydroxide.

EMPREGO DE FUBÁ DE MELHOR QUALIDADE PROTÉICA EM FARINHAS MISTAS PARA PRODUÇÃO DE BISCOITOS 1

Flour blends (FB) based on wheat flour with partial substitution for isolated soy protein, powdered whey and three corn flour types (common or cultivar BR451 and BR2121) were prepared to improve the protein quality of wheat flour. The sensory and chemical characteristics of the cookies were evaluated and the potential proteic value was calculated. The results were compared with the wheat flour or its cookie (controls). Macronutrients levels in FB and cookies were superior than those in the respective controls, except for carbohydrates. Only in the appearance the cookie made with FB BR2121 was statistically inferior to the one with common corn FB, being similar to the control and other cookies in texture and flavor. The cookie with common corn FB had the highest acceptance. Cookies mean caloric value was 436kcal. The proteic quality of the FB cookies - lysine and threonine as limiting essential amino acids and C-PER about 2 - was superior than the control. The baked FB cookies cost (price/kg) was superior than the control, because the FB cost was about the double of the wheat flour and also the necessity to use higher quantities of ingredients in the formulation.

Adequação nutricional do almoço self-service de uma empresa de Santa Luzia, MG

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nutricional adequacy of a companys self-service lunch menus, based on the daily mean per capita consumption. METHODS: The method used was the direct weighing of ingredients, meal dishes, beverages and leftovers, before and after meal distribution. RESULTS: The average energetic value corrected by the plate waste factor (6.6%) was equal to 1108kcal. The carbohydrate, protein, and fat contents supplied, respectively, 51%, 19%, and 30% of the metabolic energy. Based on recommendations for the Brazilian male population (2.785kcal), the evaluated lunch menus corresponded to 40% of energy, 30% of carbohydrate, 96% of protein, and 47% of lipids. For the female clientele, those values were, respectively, 54%, 41%, 130%, and 64%. The consumption of dietary fiber was inadequate, corresponding to 48% of the clienteles daily requirements. CONCLUSION: The usual consumers of the above mentioned self-service lunch should receive nutritional advice about appropriate meals, since the evaluated lunch consumption was low in carbohydrates, high in protein and lipids. Though it might be normocaloric for the men, it was hypercaloric for the women.

Drying of Echinodorus macrophyllus and autoclaving and lyophilization of the fluid-extract: effects on the pharmacochemical composition

Some pharmaceutical industries of phytomedicines are using conservation procedures (drying, autoclaving), in an attempt to avoid medicinal plants degradation, and of their fluid-extracts. Or, by adopting techniques adequate to foods, which not always are appropriate. On this sense, there is less research with Brazilian plants, causing some difficulties for their use as raw material by the domestic industry. Thus, the effects of drying at various temperatures or irradiation with microwaves, as well as autoclaving or lyophilization of the fluid-extract of samples collected in natura of Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli, Alismataceae, on the pharmacochemical composition were analyzed. At the research for chemical groups, the preponderating presence of flavones and coumarin derivatives was observed. The chromatographic profiles of the flavonic extracts were analyzed by TLC and HPLC and the levels of total flavonoids were determined. According to the results obtained, qualitative and quantitative changes were caused by the various processes employed.