Lifeng Guo

Micromonospora lycii sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinomycete isolated from wolfberry root (Lycium chinense Mill).

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-gq11T, was isolated from wolfberry root (Lycium chinense Mill) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Strain NEAU-gq11T was observed to form rough-surfaced spores that borne singly on the substrate hyphae but aerial mycelia were not developed. The organism showed closest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Micromonospora saelicesensis Lupac 09T (99.4%), and phylogenetically clustered with M. chokoriensis 2–19/6T (99.3%), ‘M. zeae’ NEAU-gq9T (99.3%), M. violae NEAU-zh8T (99.1%), ‘M. jinlongensis’ NEAU-GRX11T (99.1%), M. zamorensis CR38T (99.0%), M. taraxaci NEAU-P5T (98.9%) and M. lupini Lupac 14NT (98.6%). Phylogenetic analysis based on the gyrB gene sequences also indicated that the isolate clustered with the above type strains except M. violae NEAU-zh8T. The cell-wall peptidoglycan consisted of meso-diaminopimelic acid and glycine. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H8), MK-10(H6) and MK-10(H2). The phospholipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. The major fatty acid was iso-C16:0. Furthermore, some physiological and biochemical properties and low DNA–DNA relatedness values enabled the strain to be differentiated from members of closely related species. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-gq11T represents a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora lycii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-gq11T (=CGMCC 4.7149T=DSM 46703T).

Promicromonospora alba sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from the cuticle of Camponotus japonicas Mayr

A novel actinomycete, designated strain 1C-HV12T, was isolated from the cuticle of Camponotus japonicas Mayr and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the organism should be assigned to the genus Promicromonospora and that it forms a monophyletic clade with the closest relatives Promicromonospora umidemergens JCM 17975T(99.17 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Promicromonospora vindobonensis V45T (98.88 %) and Promicromonospora iranensis HM 792T (98.85 %). Moreover, morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of strain 1C-HV12T also confirmed the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Promicromonospora. The peptidoglycan hydrolysates contained alanine, glutamic acid and lysine, and whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, rhamnose and ribose. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, an unidentified phosphoglycolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified glycolipid. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H2). The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 71.6 mol%. However, the low level of DNA-DNA relatedness and some phenotypic characteristics allowed the isolate to be differentiated from closely related species. Therefore, it is concluded that strain 1C-HV12T represents a novel species of the genus Promicromonospora, for which the name Promicromonospora alba sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1C-HV12T ( = CGMCC 4.7283T = DSM 100490T).

Streptomyces polygonati sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from a root of Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.)

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-G9T, was isolated from the root of Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) collected from Harbin, Heilongjiang province, north China, and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Key morphological and chemotaxonomic properties confirmed the affiliation of strain NEAU-G9T to the genus Streptomyces. Strain NEAU-G9T contained ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diamino acid. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H4). The phospholipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0.16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-G9T belongs to the genus Streptomyces and exhibits the highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces yanglinensis JCM 13275T (97.75 %). However, phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NEAU-G9T is most closely related to Streptomyces misakiensis JCM 4062T (97.12 % sequence similarity). A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics indicated that strain NEAU-G9T can be clearly distinguished from S. yanglinensis JCM 13275T and S. misakiensis JCM 4062T. Consequently, strain NEAU-G9T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces polygonati sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-G9T ( = CGMCC 4.7237T = DSM 100521T).

Streptomyces tyrosinilyticus sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from river sediment.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-Jh3-20(T), was isolated from river sediment collected from South river in Jilin Province, north China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, indicated that strain NEAU-Jh3-20(T) should be assigned to the genus Streptomyces and forms a distinct branch with its closest neighbour Streptomyces vitaminophilus DSM 41686(T)(97.09%). Moreover, key morphological and chemotaxonomic properties also confirmed the affiliation of strain NEAU-Jh3-20(T) to the genus Streptomyces. The cell wall contained ll-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were glucose and ribose. The phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unidentified phospholipid. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 72.2 mol%. A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain NEAU-Jh3-20(T) could be distinguished from its closest phylogenetic relative. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-Jh3-20(T) represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces tyrosinilyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-Jh3-20(T) ( = CGMCC 4.7201(T)= DSM 42170(T)).

Sphaerisporangium aureirubrum sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-GQTH1-3T, was isolated from muddy soil collected from a stream in Qitaihe, Heilongjiang Province, north-east China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the organism should be assigned to the genus Sphaerisporangium and forms a stable clade with its closest relative Sphaerisporangium rubeum JCM 13067T (98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Moreover, morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of strain NEAU-GQTH1-3T also confirmed the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Sphaerisporangium. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell sugars were glucose, galactose, madurose, mannose and ribose. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, two phosphatidylinositol mannosides, phosphoglycolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified glycolipid. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H2). The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 and 10-methyl C17 : 0. Mycolic acids were absent. The DNA G+C content was 70.4 mol%. However, the low level of DNA-DNA relatedness and some phenotypic characteristics allowed the isolate to be differentiated from its closest relative. Therefore, it is concluded that strain NEAU-GQTH1-3T represents a novel species of the genus Sphaerisporangium, for which the name Sphaerisporangium aureirubrum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-GQTH1-3T ( = CGMCC 4.7199T = JCM 30346T).

Streptomonospora halotolerans sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-Jh2-17(T), was isolated from muddy soil collected from a riverbank in Jilin Province, northern China, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NEAU-Jh2-17(T) showed highest similarity to those of Streptomonospora nanhaiensis 12A09(T) (99.26%), Nocardiopsis rosea YIM 90094(T) (97.31%), Streptomonospora halophila YIM 91355(T )(97.24%) and Streptomonospora arabica S186(T) (97.02%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain NEAU-Jh2-17(T) fell within a cluster consisting of the type strains of species of the genus Streptomonospora and formed a stable clade with S. nanhaiensis 12A09(T) in trees generated with two algorithms. Key morphological and chemotaxonomic properties also confirmed the affiliation of strain NEAU-Jh2-17(T) to the genus Streptomonospora. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and whole-cell hydrolysates contained glucose, ribose and galactose. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol mannoside (PIM), two unknown phospholipids (PLs) and two unknown glycolipids (GLs). The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H2), MK-10(H8), MK-10(H6) and MK-10(H4). Major fatty acids were C18 : 0 10-methyl, anteiso-C17 : 0, C16 : 0 10-methyl, iso-C15 : 0, C17 : 0 10-methyl and C18 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 71.82 mol%. However, a combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain NEAU-Jh2-17(T) could be distinguished from its closely related relatives. Therefore, strain NEAU-Jh2-17(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomonospora, for which the name Streptomonospora halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-Jh2-17(T) ( = CGMCC 4.7218(T) = JCM 30347(T)).