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Dive into the research topics where Liisa Räisänen is active.

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Featured researches published by Liisa Räisänen.


Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry | 1967

A THIOCHOLINE-LEAD FERROCYANIDE METHOD FOR ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE

Olavi Eränkö; George B. Koelle; Liisa Räisänen

The principle employed in the thiocholine-copper ferrocyanide method of Karnovsky and Roots has been adopted for the development of a similar procedure in which lead, complexed with Tris-acetate buffer, is used as the trapping agent for the ferrocyanide ion, formed by the preferential reduction of ferricyanide by thiocholine released enzymatically from acetylthiocholine. The resulting colloidal, faintly yellowish white precipitate, Pb2Fe(CN)6, can be viewed directly by light or phase contrast microscopy, or more easily following its conversion to PbS. The method has been shown to produce extremely fine localization of acetylcholinesterase in the cat superior cervical and stellate ganglia and at the motor end plates of mouse intercostal muscle.


Mechanisms of Release of Biogenic Amines#R##N#Proceedings of an International Wenner–Gren Center Symposium Held in Stockholm, February 1965 | 1966

IN VITRO RELEASE AND UPTAKE OF NORADRENALINE IN THE RAT IRIS

Olavi Eränkö; Liisa Räisänen

Publisher Summary This chapter presents the study of the in vitro release and uptake of noradrenaline in the rat iris. Albino rats of the Sprague–Dawley strain were used. Incubation of the iris with up to 100 μg/ml of noradrenaline (NA) for 2–4 h caused but a slight or no increase in the fluorescence intensity of the adrenergic nerve net, whether, or not 1 mg/ml of glucose and up to 1 mg/ml of ATP were present. Incubation in solutions containing 100 μg/ml of DOPA, TA, dopamine (DA), A, or 5-HT caused in 1.5–2 h a marked decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the nerve fibers. While formaldehyde does not render TA fluorescent, the other compounds employed are demonstrable with the present technique, although a longer exposure is necessary to convert A into a fluorescent compound. An increase in the fluorescence intensity of the tissues between the nerve fibers was indeed observed, but only after incubation in DOPA, or DA, while the nerve fibers had become almost indistinguishable.


Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry | 1961

CYTOPHOTOMETRIC STUDY ON THE CHROMAFFIN REACTION, THE IODATE REACTION AND FORMALIN-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE AS INDICATORS OF ADRENALINE AND NORADRENALINE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE ADRENAL MEDULLA

Olavi Eränkö; Liisa Räisänen

Variable depletion of adrenal catecholamines was caused in rats by injections of reserpine and muscular work. The intensities of the chromaffin reaction, the iodate reaction and formalin-induced fluorescence in adrenal sections were measured by cytophotometry and compared with chemically determined concentrations of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal medulla. A close correlation was observed between the optical density of the chromaffin reaction and the total catecholamine concentration, as well as between the intensity of the formalin-induced fluorescence, the optical density of the iodate reaction and the noradrenaline concentration.


Journal of Neurochemistry | 1959

CHANGES INDUCED BY PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION OF NICOTINE IN THE DISTRIBUTIONS OF CHOLINESTERASES AND ACID PHOSPHATASE IN THE ADRENAL MEDULLA OF THE RAT

Olavi Eränkö; Väinö Hopsu; Liisa Räisänen

PROLONGED administration of nicotine causes a pronounced hyperplasia of the adrenal medulla in the rat, as was demonstrated by STAEMMLER (1935) over 20 years ago. E m u 6 (19550) observed that this hyperplasia is associated with about a five-fold increase in the noradrenaline content of the adrenal without any significant change in the adrenaline content. Moreover, the volume of the noradrenalinecontaining medullary parenchyma, as demonstrated histochemically by formalininduced fiuorescence (ERANKO, 1951, 1952, 19550ib), increased in proportion to the noradrenaline content, while there was no significant change in the volume of the admalinecontaining medullary tissue. Earlier work has indicated that the activities of enzymes such as acid phosphatase (Aph) (ERANKO, 1951, 1952) and cholinesterases (ALLEN, ERANKO and HUNTER, 1958; ERANK~, 1958, 1959) are different in the regions of the two types of adrenomedullary cells of the rat. It seemed therefore to be of interest to investigate histochernically these enzymes in the hyperplastic adrenal medulla of nicotine-injected rats. The present study shows that nicotine treatment brings about marked changes in the distributions and activities of these enzymes.


Journal of Neurochemistry | 1959

Effect of denervation on histochemically demonstrable acetylcholinesterase and non-specific cholinesterase in the rat adrenal.

Olavi Eränkö; Väinö Hopsu; Liisa Räisänen

1957). Recent histochemical work has shown that the distributions of acetylcholinesterase (ACE) and non-specific cholinesterase (nsChE) in the adrenal medulla of the rat somewhat differ from each other (ERANKO, 1958, 1959). The present work demonstrates that denervation causes a loss of A C E activity, but does not much affect the activity of nsChE in the rat adrenal. TSXJDZIMURA, 1934; HOLLINSHEAD, 1936; YOUNG, 1939; HILLARP, 1946; STOHR,


Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry | 1964

HISTOCHEMICAL AND STARCH GEL ELECTROPHORETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DESMO- AND LYO-ESTERASES IN THE SYMPATHETIC AND SPINAL GANGLIA OF THE RAT:

Olavi Eränkö; Matti Härkönen; Aulikki Kokko; Liisa Räisänen


Acta Physiologica Scandinavica | 1965

FIBRES CONTAINING BOTH NORADRENALINE AND ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE IN THE NERVE NET OF THE RAT IRIS.

Olavi Eränkö; Liisa Räisänen


Acta Physiologica Scandinavica | 1966

Adrenaline and Noradrenaline in the Organ of Zuckerkandl and Adrenals of Newborn Rats Treated with Hydrocortisone

Olavi Eränkö; Matti Lempinen; Liisa Räisänen


Endocrinology | 1957

ADRENALINE AND NORADRENALINE IN THE ADRENAL MEDULLA DURING POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE RAT12

Olavi Eränkö; Liisa Räisänen


Endocrinology | 1959

EFFECT OF PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION OF NICOTINE ON THE MEDULLARY VOLUME AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF NORADRENALINE IN THE ADRENALS OF THE RAT, THE MOUSE AND THE GUINEA PIG1

Olavi Eränkö; Väinö Hopsu; Liisa Räisänen

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George B. Koelle

University of Pennsylvania

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