Lili Mézes

The examination of poultry feather digestility for biogas production.

To determine the optimal ratio of feather to water, the properties affecting mixing and the digestibility of feather were considered. All treatments with 1:1 feather: water ratio were unsuitable for mechanical mixing, although treatments with 1:2 and 1:3 feather: water ratio proved satisfactory regarding agitation. Large-scale applicability of treatments was decided upon the extent of digestion based on the measured extinction values. The determination of optimal bacillus: feather ratio aimed at defining the minimal amount of inoculating bacterium which allows effective digestion of keratin and cost-effectiveness. It could be stated that the proliferation of the bacteria results in the decrease of pH. The most significant pH decrease was observed at 5% bacillus: feather ratio. The amount of necessary phosphate-buffer also increased, which is an unfavorable change concerning cost-effectiveness. The degree of feather digestion showed no significant differences in the treatments of 1 and 3% bacillus: feather ratio, so we recommend the application of 1% bacillus: feather ratio under industrial-scale circumstances with respect to materialand cost-saving concerns. Based on the experimental results it can be concluded that the treatment of 1% bacillus: feather ratio and 1:3 feather: water ratio is optimal for industrial-scale application with regard to material- and cost-saving, as well as biodegradability concerns.

Fertilizers and liquid digestate within agro-ecosystems in the region of Nyírbátor

The main goal of our research was to investigate some physiological parameters of barley genotypes under optimal and a quarter amount of nitrogen contents. Nitrogen fertilization even is a powerful tool in increasing grain yield in cereals. Agrarians have to optimize the application of nitrogen fertilizers to avoid pollution by nitrates parallel with preserving their economic margin. The price of nitrogen fertilizer is getting continuously growing. Hence, the supply of nitrogen is crucial for plant growth and development. The role of nitrogen in plant production is closely connected with photosynthesis. The main participators of photosynthesis are contains large amount of nitrogen, such as rubisco and chlorophylls. Several researches focused on investigating mainly the intensity and products of dark reaction of the photosynthetic pathway, but we no have sufficient information about light reaction affected by genotypic and nitrogen supply variations. Chlorophyll fluorescence induction method was used to examine potential photochemical activity (Fv/Fm) and other parameters of fast and slow phase of chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve. During our experiments relative chlorophyll content measurement was applied to follow the total chlorophyll contents of genotypes. The measured parameters help choosing efficient barley genotypes of the double-haploid population to breed more productive barley lines under lower but sufficient nitrogen supply.