Lilia Patricia Bustamante-Montes

Prenatal exposure to phthalates is associated with decreased anogenital distance and penile size in male newborns

Reproductive effects from phthalate exposure have been documented mostly in animal studies. This study explored the association between prenatal exposure to phthalate metabolites, anogenital distance and penile measurements in male newborns in Toluca, State of Mexico. A total of 174 pregnant women provided urine samples for phthalate analysis during their last prenatal visit, and the 73 who gave birth to male infants were included in the study. The 73 male newborns were weighed and measured using standardized methods after delivery. After adjusting for creatinine and supine length at birth, significant inverse associations were observed between an index of prenatal exposure to total phthalate exposure and the distance from the anus to anterior base of the penis (β = -0.191 mm per 1 μg/l, P = 0.037), penile width (β = -0.0414, P = 0.050) and stretched length (β = -0.2137, P = 0.034); prenatal exposure to mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate exposure was associated with a reduction in the stretched length of the penis (β = -0.2604, P = 0.050). Human exposure to phthalates is a public health concern, and the system most vulnerable to its potential effects seems to be the immature male reproductive tract.

Efectos de la aplicación del indicador de años de vida productivos perdidos (modelo inversión producción consumo) en el ordenamiento de las causas de muerte en México, 1990

In the search for methods to support the decision making process and to maximize the benefit resulting from the health priorities, this paper discusses the investment-production-consumption model (IPC). This method attempts to quantify the socio-economic impact of mortality. This type of evaluation takes into account age at death and the potential for future productivity and thus assesses the generation of losses or gains to society, depending on the stage of life in which death occurs. The impact of different causes of death estimated by this method is illustrated from the cause of Mexico. These results are compared with the relative importance attributed by the use of mortality rates and years of potential life lost. The ordering by rates shows heart diseases, accidents and tumors as first causes of deaths. On the other hand, the indicator of years of potential life lost shows causes of death at younger ages to occupy the first place. The YPLLipc, however, gives greater importance to infections, accidents and homicides.En busca de metodos que apoyen la toma de decisiones y maximizar el beneficio al priorizar necesidades, el presente trabajo discute el modelo de inversion-produccion-consumo (IPC) que intenta cuantificar el impacto socio-economico de la mortalidad. Este tipo de evaluacion toma en cuenta la edad al morir y la potencial productividad futura generando asi perdidas o ganancias a la sociedad, dependiendo de la etapa de la vida en que ocurrio la muerte. Se ilustra para el caso de Mexico el impacto de las diferentes causas de muerte y se compara con la importancia relativa a partir de el ordenamiento con tasas de mortalidad y el indicador de anos de vida perdidos. El ordenamiento por tasas muestra a las enfermedades del corazon, accidentes y tumores como las primeras causas. Por otro lado el indicador de anos de vida potencial perdidos tradicional muestra en primer lugar a las causas de muerte en edades menores. El indicador de anos de vida produtivos perdidos, sin embargo, concede mayor importancia las infecciones, los accidentes y los homicidios desde el punto de vista de la produccion y consumo.In the search for methods to support the decision making process and to maximize the benefit resulting from the health priorities, this paper discusses the investment-production-consumption model (IPC). This method attempts to quantify the socio-economic imapct of mortality. This type of evaluation takes into account age at death and the potential for future productivity and thus assesses the generation of losses or gains to society, depending on the stage of life in wich death occurs. The impact of different causes of death estimated by this method is illustrated from the cause of Mexico. These results are compared with the relative importance attributed by the use of mortality rates and years of potential life lost. The ordering by rates shows heart diseases, accidents and tumors as first causes of deaths. On the other hand, the indicator of years of potential life lost shows causes of death at younger ages to occupy the first place. The YPLLipc, however, gives greater importance to infections, accidents and homicides.

Exposición infantil a plastificantes potencialmente tóxicos en productos de uso oral

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia en el uso de productos infantiles orales entre menores de tres anos de edad y medir su concentracion de ftalatos, sustancias potencialmente toxicas. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Se realizo, en 1999, una entrevista domiciliaria a 199 madres de ninos del area metropolitana de la ciudad de Toluca. Por cromatografia de gases se identificaron y cuantificaron diversos ftalatos de productos de uso oral empleados por los ninos participantes y se estimo la contribucion de estas fuentes a la ingesta diaria de ftalatos. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de uso de estos productos fue de 13%, siendo mayor entre los ninos, menores de 18 meses de edad, pertenecientes al estrato socioeconomico bajo. Las concentraciones variaron desde trazas hasta 67.0% del peso. La exposicion media calculada proveniente de los productos manufacturados con policloruro de vinilo y ftalatos fue de 13.94 µg/ kg de peso/dia, IC 95% (9.08, 18.89). CONCLUSIONES: La exposicion a ftalatos proveniente de productos para chupar o morder se encuentra dentro de los limites reportados en otros paises; sin embargo, otras fuentes pueden incrementarla. Dado que algunos ftalatos han mostrado ser toxicos en el sistema reproductivo, y este potencial efecto es plausible en el hombre, es necesaria la investigacion de otras fuentes y determinar la exposicion total a traves de biomarcadores.

Aplicabilidad del análisis por causa múltiple de muerte para el cáncer cervicouterino: la experiencia en México

Objective. The study explores the applicability of the multiple-cause-of-death analysis for cervical-uterine cancer. Methods. A proportional mortality hazard design and the analysis of all causes of death due to cervical-uterine cancer from 367 death certificates of women older than 18 years of age from the State of Mexico, and 515 age and year adjusted sample of death certificates of women from the same region who died from other causes. Results. A basic multiple cause of death of 2.9 was observed in the death certificates, i.e., for every basic cause there were 2.9 multiple causes. When adjusting the multiple-causes-of-death analysis for cervical-uterine cancer by age, education, marital and insurability status, the most contributing and associated causes of death were malignant tumors from unspecified sites [OR=18.98 (2.28-157.56) and OR=14.25 (1.67-121.0)] respectively; Diabetes Mellitus as a contributing [OR=1.82 (1.02-3.27) and associated cause [OR=7.78 (1.46-41.37], and systemic arterial hypertension as an associated cause [OR=3.00 (1.40-6.47)]. Conclusions. The multiple-cause-of-death analysis is an adequate to observe the diseases that contribute condition and are associated to the cervical-uterine cancer.

The effects of the application of the investment-production-consumption model of the years of productive life host index on the sequence of causes of death in Mexico

In the search for methods to support the decision making process and to maximize the benefit resulting from the health priorities, this paper discusses the investment-production-consumption model (IPC). This method attempts to quantify the socio-economic impact of mortality. This type of evaluation takes into account age at death and the potential for future productivity and thus assesses the generation of losses or gains to society, depending on the stage of life in which death occurs. The impact of different causes of death estimated by this method is illustrated from the cause of Mexico. These results are compared with the relative importance attributed by the use of mortality rates and years of potential life lost. The ordering by rates shows heart diseases, accidents and tumors as first causes of deaths. On the other hand, the indicator of years of potential life lost shows causes of death at younger ages to occupy the first place. The YPLLipc, however, gives greater importance to infections, accidents and homicides.En busca de metodos que apoyen la toma de decisiones y maximizar el beneficio al priorizar necesidades, el presente trabajo discute el modelo de inversion-produccion-consumo (IPC) que intenta cuantificar el impacto socio-economico de la mortalidad. Este tipo de evaluacion toma en cuenta la edad al morir y la potencial productividad futura generando asi perdidas o ganancias a la sociedad, dependiendo de la etapa de la vida en que ocurrio la muerte. Se ilustra para el caso de Mexico el impacto de las diferentes causas de muerte y se compara con la importancia relativa a partir de el ordenamiento con tasas de mortalidad y el indicador de anos de vida perdidos. El ordenamiento por tasas muestra a las enfermedades del corazon, accidentes y tumores como las primeras causas. Por otro lado el indicador de anos de vida potencial perdidos tradicional muestra en primer lugar a las causas de muerte en edades menores. El indicador de anos de vida produtivos perdidos, sin embargo, concede mayor importancia las infecciones, los accidentes y los homicidios desde el punto de vista de la produccion y consumo.In the search for methods to support the decision making process and to maximize the benefit resulting from the health priorities, this paper discusses the investment-production-consumption model (IPC). This method attempts to quantify the socio-economic imapct of mortality. This type of evaluation takes into account age at death and the potential for future productivity and thus assesses the generation of losses or gains to society, depending on the stage of life in wich death occurs. The impact of different causes of death estimated by this method is illustrated from the cause of Mexico. These results are compared with the relative importance attributed by the use of mortality rates and years of potential life lost. The ordering by rates shows heart diseases, accidents and tumors as first causes of deaths. On the other hand, the indicator of years of potential life lost shows causes of death at younger ages to occupy the first place. The YPLLipc, however, gives greater importance to infections, accidents and homicides.

Os efeitos da aplicação do indicador de anos de vida produtivos perdidos (modelo inversão-produção-consumo) na ordenação das causas de morte no México, 1990

In the search for methods to support the decision making process and to maximize the benefit resulting from the health priorities, this paper discusses the investment-production-consumption model (IPC). This method attempts to quantify the socio-economic impact of mortality. This type of evaluation takes into account age at death and the potential for future productivity and thus assesses the generation of losses or gains to society, depending on the stage of life in which death occurs. The impact of different causes of death estimated by this method is illustrated from the cause of Mexico. These results are compared with the relative importance attributed by the use of mortality rates and years of potential life lost. The ordering by rates shows heart diseases, accidents and tumors as first causes of deaths. On the other hand, the indicator of years of potential life lost shows causes of death at younger ages to occupy the first place. The YPLLipc, however, gives greater importance to infections, accidents and homicides.En busca de metodos que apoyen la toma de decisiones y maximizar el beneficio al priorizar necesidades, el presente trabajo discute el modelo de inversion-produccion-consumo (IPC) que intenta cuantificar el impacto socio-economico de la mortalidad. Este tipo de evaluacion toma en cuenta la edad al morir y la potencial productividad futura generando asi perdidas o ganancias a la sociedad, dependiendo de la etapa de la vida en que ocurrio la muerte. Se ilustra para el caso de Mexico el impacto de las diferentes causas de muerte y se compara con la importancia relativa a partir de el ordenamiento con tasas de mortalidad y el indicador de anos de vida perdidos. El ordenamiento por tasas muestra a las enfermedades del corazon, accidentes y tumores como las primeras causas. Por otro lado el indicador de anos de vida potencial perdidos tradicional muestra en primer lugar a las causas de muerte en edades menores. El indicador de anos de vida produtivos perdidos, sin embargo, concede mayor importancia las infecciones, los accidentes y los homicidios desde el punto de vista de la produccion y consumo.In the search for methods to support the decision making process and to maximize the benefit resulting from the health priorities, this paper discusses the investment-production-consumption model (IPC). This method attempts to quantify the socio-economic imapct of mortality. This type of evaluation takes into account age at death and the potential for future productivity and thus assesses the generation of losses or gains to society, depending on the stage of life in wich death occurs. The impact of different causes of death estimated by this method is illustrated from the cause of Mexico. These results are compared with the relative importance attributed by the use of mortality rates and years of potential life lost. The ordering by rates shows heart diseases, accidents and tumors as first causes of deaths. On the other hand, the indicator of years of potential life lost shows causes of death at younger ages to occupy the first place. The YPLLipc, however, gives greater importance to infections, accidents and homicides.