nbo Li

Key Strategies for Improving Public Transportation Based on Planned Behavior Theory: Case Study in Shanghai, China

To advance public transportation development, it should be explored from the perspective of behavioral analysis. This paper adopts the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to study public transportation choice behaviors. The first aim is to explore the necessity of dividing subjective norms into an injunctive norm and a descriptive norm and to explore their roles in predicting behaviors. The second aim is to investigate the mechanism related to several key variables and their role in forming the intention to take transit. The third aim is to develop appropriate improvement strategies through the analysis of behavior, subjective norms, or perceived control beliefs. Empirical data were collected by distributing online and hard-copy questionnaires in Shanghai, China. A sample of 393 valid questionnaires was collected. An ordinal regression model was constructed based on the empirical data. The results reveal that TPB can be applied to explain choice behaviors with respect to public transport. Among the factors affecting travelers’ intentions, attitude toward public transport is most decisive. Descriptive norms seem to have more direct effects on public transport use behaviors on the basis of the correlation coefficients. Injunctive norms, at least in this case, have a more obvious influence on travelers’ intention to take public transport than do descriptive norms. Furthermore, on the basis of belief analysis, some critical approaches to improving the competitiveness of Shanghai public transportation are proposed that can be used to develop people-oriented public transportation policies and strategies in other similar cities.

Impact Analysis of Natural Disasters on Highway Network and Construction Measures: Case Study of Hangzhou Highway

The frequent occurrence of natural disasters in recent years has had a serious impact on highway traffic. The key to disaster-resistant construction is to adopt an effective corresponding construction strategy. Hangzhou highway is offered as a case study in this paper. Based on a drawing of the Hangzhou arterial highways network topology and combining it with an analysis of historical disaster data of Hangzhou regional highways, this paper studies the Hangzhou highway networks key feature of disaster resistance and network stability of, which is the foundation of a natural disaster resistance evaluation of the highway network. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is explored and the evaluation value of the ability against natural disaster is 83 scores, which lies in the general level. Moreover, this paper identifies the Hangzhou highways weaknesses against natural disaster through the use of retrospective analysis and proposes corresponding construction measures.

Analyzing Public Transportation Competitiveness Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

This paper aims to improve the competitiveness of public transportation by exploring the psychological factors influencing public transport use behavior based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). TPB direct variables like intention, attitude, subjective norm, descriptive norm, perceived behavioral control, and indirect variables like behavioral beliefs are included in the questionnaires. First, the authors constructed an ordered logit model with dependent variable intention and other independent variables for the 282 questionnaires of which people who dont have private cars, finding that factors like attitude and subjective norm are significant, but descriptive norm and perceived behavioral control have not entered the model. It is indicated that changing peoples attitude toward bus and guiding the residents to choose public transit through family guidance or policy of the country, public transportation competitiveness can be highly improved. Second, 111 questionnaires of people who have private cars were analyzed. The results reveal that only attitude is significant in the model, indicating that these people who own private cars are more influenced by subjective attitude instead of objective condition when using buses. Therefore, transferring these potential passengers to public transport by providing them better services is possible. According to the further analysis of behavior beliefs, the authors find that increasing public transports punctuality, convenience, and speed instead of reducing costs are the key strategies to enhance public transportation competitiveness.

Segmenting Business Travellers in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration Based on Individual Attitudes

Intercity business travel is important in the composition of passenger travel in the urban agglomeration and has a strong relation with the development of the economy. Business travellers always require a higher level of intercity travel service, and different types of business travellers may have different travel demands. According to what was revealed in a preference survey conducted in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration of China, this paper explores the segmentation of the business travellers based on their general travel attitude and life attitude. Cluster analysis is adopted as the main method in the study. Results show that there are three main types of business travellers in the urban agglomeration: relaxed, adapting and demanding. There are differences of socio-economic features and travel demands among the three clusters. This paper not only contributes to the analysis of business travel demands, but also gives some insight for policy implications in the business travel market.

Study on Transit Management Mode

Developing transit is a very useful way to realize urban sustainable development and solve the problem of traffic jams and pollution. Among many elements contributing to transit development, transit management plays an important role in ensuring a successful transit implementation. This paper uses the enterprise management model as a substitute to study the relationship among transit management subjects, objects, and management organizations, to gain further insight into transit management. It then proposes a definition and the content of transit management from a macroscopic perspective. Transit management consists of three parts: the philosophy of transit management, which is the guideline of the whole system; organizational management, which reflects the relationship between management agencies, namely the structure of government departments; and regulation, which focuses on policies and institutions. Legislation and policy of transit management support the whole management system, on both basic and detailed levels. Finally, an analysis of existing problems in transit management is conducted, and puts forward corresponding recommendations and countermeasures are suggested.

Analyzing Public Transportation Use Behavior Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior: To What Extent Does Attitude Explain the Behavior?

Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and its approach of investigation, this paper explores the psychological factors influencing public transport use behavior. Questionnaires containing TPB variables such as intention, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are designed and SPSS is used to analyze the relationships among the variables. Correlation analysis and regression models show TPB can well explain public transport use. The behavior is positively correlated with intention and attitude and high coefficients are obtained by regression. People with more positive attitudes will have higher intention and be more inclined to use public transport. Attitude is then actively affected by speed, freedom, convenience and other qualities of a travel mode. The conclusions can help transport planning and management to better understand travelers behaviors and psychological demands and then formulate corresponding policies so as to enhance the competitiveness of public transport.

Study on the Location Parking Index Based on Function Division of Parking Space

The method to determine the parking index of buildings is always based on the geographical position division and the building classification standard, which reflects the external parking demand characteristics of the building, but only considers the perspective of the geographical position and building and gets lop-sided. Therefore, the size of parking is difficult to determine for future needs with the change of the developing environment. This paper will revise the parking index model based on the ontological idea and function division of parking space with regard to its internal characteristic, in combination with the analysis of the parking location attribution, and increase the adaptability of the parking. At last, the paper will demonstrate that the new method used to determine the parking index is more comprehensive and objective when compared to the general method.