Linda M. Mascavage

Effects and Conformational Analysis of Some Substituted 2,3-Diphenyl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones

Substituents placed on the phenyl rings of 2,3‐diphenyl‐1,3‐thiazolidin‐4‐one affect the electron density surrounding both the methine proton and the C(2) carbon. These changes are reflected in the differing chemical shifts for these atoms relative to the parent compound. The other carbons in the heterocyclic ring appear to be similarly affected by substituents on the phenyl rings. Correlations for the effects of various substituents in both the 2‐ and 3‐phenyl rings with the 1H and 13C chemical shifts for the aforementioned sites are discussed using both Hammett and Swain–Lupton dual parameter methods. A conformational analysis using ab initio calculations is in agreement with the observed NMR data.

Syntheses of Morphine and Codeine (1992 - 2002): Templates for Exploration of Synthetic Tools

Abstract: Morphine ( 1 ) and its O-methylated analogue codeine ( 2 ), analgesic alkaloids of the opium poppy( Papaver Somniferium ), have been targets of organic chemists engaged in synthetic activities for at least half acentury. The “first” (Gates) and “most efficient” (Rice) syntheses of morphine ( 1 ) and codeine ( 2 ) are wellknown and have been reviewed and analyzed extensively numerous times. However, syntheses of the same twoalkaloids that have been reported since 1992 and which have been used as devices to advance the art of organicsynthesis are not as widely recognized and they have not been as thoroughly reviewed. Here they are analyzedin the spirit of the use of these two compounds as templates. Further, since both racemic and enantiospecificsyntheses are important and since all eight (8) approaches (since 1992) are sufficiently different so as towarrant more tha n superficial examination, they are all considered. ROOHOHHH NCH 3HOROHN HO CH 3 123456789101112131415 16 1, R = H

Surface Catalyzed Hydrochlorination of 1,3-Butadiene.

The rates of disappearance of gaseous hydrogen chloride (-d[HCl]/dt) and 1,3-butadiene and appearance of the gaseous products 3-chloro-l-butene and (E)- and (Z)-1-chloro-2-butene (+d[products]/dt) in Pyrex IR cells at 295 K and total initial pressures of about 450 torr are found to be proportional to the surface-to-volume ratio (S/V) of the reaction vessel.