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Featured researches published by Lingxin Kong.


Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China | 2014

Thermodynamics of removing impurities from crude lead by vacuum distillation refining

XiangFeng Kong; Bin Yang; Heng Xiong; Lingxin Kong; Dachun Liu; Bao-qiang Xu

Abstract A novel technique was developed to remove impurities from crude lead by vacuum distillation. The thermodynamics on vacuum distillation refining process of crude lead was studied by means of saturated vapor pressure of main components of crude lead, separation coefficients and vapor-liquid equilibrium composition of Pb-i (i stands for an impurity) system at different temperatures. The behaviors of impurities in the vacuum distillation refining process were investigated. The results show that the vacuum distillation should be taken to obtain lead from crude lead, in which Zn, As and partial Sb are volatilized at lower temperature of 923-1023 K. Lead is distilled from the residue containing Cu, Sn, Ag and Bi at higher temperature of 1323-1423 K, but the impurity Bi is also volatilized along with lead and cannot be separated from lead.


Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China | 2015

Recycling of metals from waste Sn-based alloys by vacuum separation

Bin Yang; Lingxin Kong; Bao-qiang Xu; Dachun Liu; Yongnian Dai

Abstract In order to recycle waste Sn-based alloys, the vapor–liquid phase equilibrium composition diagrams of Sn–Pb, Sn–Sb and Sn–Zn binary systems were calculated. The calculated results indicate that Pb, Sb and Zn can be separated from Sn effectively. Based on the above calculation, the industrial experiments of vacuum distillation of Sn–Pb alloy, Sn–Pb–Sb alloy, Sn–Pb–Sb–As alloy, crude Sn and Sn–Zn alloy with different contents were carried out. The experimental results show that Pb (>99% Pb) and Sn (≤0.003% Pb) were obtained simultaneously while Sn–Pb alloy was subjected to vacuum distillation; the crude Sn (>90% Sn, ≤ 2% Pb, ≤6% Sb) and crude Pb (≤2% Sn) were obtained simultaneously while a single vacuum distillation was carried out for Sn–Pb–Sb alloy; the Pb and Bi contents in the Sn ingot (99.99% Sn) achieve the grade A of GB/T 728—2010 standard, more than 50% of As and Sb was removed after vacuum distillation of crude Sn; Zn (


Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-physical Metallurgy and Materials Science | 2014

Application of Molecular Interaction Volume Model for Phase Equilibrium of Sn-Based Binary System in Vacuum Distillation

Lingxin Kong; Bin Yang; Baoqiang Xu; Yifu Li

Based on the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM), the activities of components of Sn-Sb, Sb-Bi, Sn-Zn, Sn-Cu, and Sn-Ag alloys were predicted. The predicted values are in good agreement with the experimental data, which indicate that the MIVM is of better stability and reliability due to its good physical basis. A significant advantage of the MIVM lies in its ability to predict the thermodynamic properties of liquid alloys using only two parameters. The phase equilibria of Sn-Sb and Sn-Bi alloys were calculated based on the properties of pure components and the activity coefficients, which indicates that Sn-Sb and Sn-Bi alloys can be separated thoroughly by vacuum distillation. This study extends previous investigations and provides an effective and convenient model on which to base refining simulations for Sn-based alloys.


Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China | 2013

Application of molecular interaction volume model in separation of Pb–Sn–Sb ternary alloy by vacuum distillation

Lingxin Kong; Bin Yang; Bao-qiang Xu; Yi-fu Li; Liang Li; Dachun Liu; Yongnian Dai

Abstract Based on the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM), the activities of components of Pb–Sn–Sb ternary alloy were predicted. The vapor–liquid phase equilibrium of Pb–Sn–Sb alloy system was calculated using the activity coefficients of Pb–Sn–Sb alloy system in the process of vacuum distillation. The calculated results show that the content of Sn in vapor phase increases with the increasing distillation temperature and content of Sn in liquid phase. However, the content of Sn in vapor phase is only 0.45% (mass fraction) while 97% in liquid phase at 1100 °C, which shows that the separating effect is very well. Experimental investigations on the separation of Pb–Sn–Sb ternary alloy were carried out in the distillation temperature range of 1100-1300 °C under vacuum condition. It is found that the Sn content in vapor phase is 0.54% while 97% in liquid phase at 1100 °C. Finally, the predicted data were compared with the experimental results showing good agreement with each other.


Archive | 2016

Application of MIVM for Sn-Ag and Sn-In Alloys in Vacuum Distillation

Lingxin Kong; Junjie Xu; Baoqiang Xu; Shuai Xu; Bin Yang; Yifu Li; Dachun Liu; Ruibo Hu

In this study, the vapor-liquid phase equilibrium compositions of tin-silver (Sn-Ag) and tin-indium (Sn-In) alloys in vacuum distillation were predicted based on the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM) and vacuum distillation theory, which can be used to precisely estimate the separation degree and the product composition in vacuum distillation. The calculated values of activities of components in Sn-Ag and Sn-In alloys are in good agreement with experimental data, which indicates that the method is reliable and convenient due to the MIVM has a clear physical basis and can predict the thermodynamic properties of multi-component liquid alloys using only two infinite dilute activity coefficients. This study provides an effective and convenient model on which to base refining simulations for Sn-based alloys.


Archive | 2016

Thermodynamic Analysis and Experiments on Vacuum Separation of Sn‐Sb Alloy

Junjie Xu; Lingxin Kong; Yifu Li; Bin Yang; Yongnian Dai; Kunhua Wu; Anxiang Wang

In this study, the saturated vapor pressures of tin (Sn) and antimony (Sb), the separation coefficient s and the vapor-liquid phase equilibrium of Sn-Sb alloy were theoretically analyzed, which demonstrate that it is possible to separate Sn and Sb by vacuum distillation. The process parameters of vacuum distillation, including the distillation temperature, distillation time and alloy mass (thickness of raw materials) on the direct yield of Sn and the content of Sn in liquid phase were investigated by using single factor experiments. The preliminary results show that the direct yield and the content of Sn are 98.77 wt.% and 96.01% with the optimized distillation conditions of a distillation temperature of 1473 K, a distillation time for 45 min and a Sn-Sb alloy mass of 125 g (thickness of 8mm). The distillation parameters in the study provide effective and convenient conditions on separation of Sn-Sb alloy.


Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-physical Metallurgy and Materials Science | 2016

(Vapor + Liquid) Equilibrium (VLE) for Binary Lead-Antimony System in Vacuum Distillation: New Data and Modeling Using Nonrandom Two-Liquid (NRTL) Model

Junjie Xu; Lingxin Kong; Baoqiang Xu; Bin Yang; Yanjun You; Shuai Xu; Yuezhen Zhou; Yifu Li; Dachun Liu

In this work, new experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data of lead-antimony alloy (Pb-Sb alloy) in vacuum distillation are reported. The activity coefficients of components of Pb-Sb alloy were calculated by using the NRTL model. The calculated average relative deviations were ±0.1425 and ±0.2433 pct, and the average standard deviations were ±0.0009 and ±0.0007, respectively, for Pb and Sb. The VLE phase diagrams, such as the temperature composition (T-x) and pressure composition (P-x) diagrams of Pb-Sb alloy in vacuum distillation were predicted based on the NRTL model and VLE theory. The predicted results are consistent with the new experimental data indicating that VLE phase diagrams obtained by this method are reliable. The VLE phase diagrams of alloys will provide an effective and intuitive way for the technical design and realization of recycling and separation processes. The VLE data may be used in separation processes design, and the thermodynamic properties as the key parameters in specific applications.


Archive | 2015

Application of MIVM for Cu-Ni Alloy in Vacuum Distillation

Lingxin Kong; Anxiang Wang; Bin Yang; Baoqiang Xu; Yifu Li; Dachun Liu

The activities of components in Cu-Ni alloy were predicted based on the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM). The required binary parameters B ij and B ji were determined by using the Newton—Raphson methodology with the aid of the experimental data of infinite dilution activity coefficients γi∞, γj∞. The predicted values of the activities match well with the experimental data, which show that the predicting effect of this method is reliable due to the MIVM has a good and clear physical basis. The separation coefficients of Cu-Ni alloy were far larger than 1. The vapor-liquid phase equilibrium of Cu-Ni alloy was also predicted by using the activity coefficients, which indicates that Cu and Ni can be concentrated in vapor phase and liquid phase respectively by vacuum distillation. This study extends previous investigations and provides an effective and convenient model on which to base separation simulations for Cu-Ni alloy by vacuum distillation.


Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B-process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science | 2012

Application of MIVM for Pb-Sn System in Vacuum Distillation

Lingxin Kong; Bin Yang; Yifu Li; Baoqiang Xu; Dachun Liu; Guobin Jia


Vacuum | 2014

Application of MIVM for Pb–Sn–Sb ternary system in vacuum distillation

Lingxin Kong; Bin Yang; Baoqiang Xu; Yifu Li; Dachun Liu; Yongnian Dai

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Bin Yang

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Dachun Liu

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Baoqiang Xu

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Yifu Li

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Yongnian Dai

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Junjie Xu

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Anxiang Wang

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Bao-qiang Xu

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Shuai Xu

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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Bingyi Song

Kunming University of Science and Technology

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