Lisiane Guadagnin Londero

Avaliação nutricional de paciente critico

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nutritional state of patients affects them in their clinical evolution. Protein-caloric malnutrition contributes to the increase of morbidity and mortality in critical care. Regardless all the parameters available to assessment, there is no standard in hospital centers. In this review, we were looking for a method to nutrition assessment (NA) in critical patient that allow more adequate assessment and contribute to improvement in critical care. CONTENTS: In order to compare methods in NA in critical patient, search was performed in scientific papers aboutthis area. The keywords usedwere nutritional assessment, critical patient, critical care, hospital undernourishment and anthropometry. CONCLUSIONS: There are restrictions to different anthropometric parameters for NA when referring to critical patients. There is no consensus within authors about the best method for these patients and they no advise to choose only one parameter. We suggest for practice clinical in NA, one tool that include objective and subjective aspects in critical patients and identify those that are either undernourishments or in nutritional risks (Appendix 1).

Dietary n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids modify phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity and lipid synthesis from glucose in adipose tissue of rats fed a high-sucrose diet

Long‐chain polyunsaturated n‐3 fatty acids (n‐3 LCPUFAs) have hypolipidemic effects and modulate intermediary metabolism to prevent or reverse insulin resistance in a way that is not completely elucidated. Here, effects of these fatty acids on the lipid profile, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activity, lipid synthesis from glucose in epididymal adipose tissue (Ep‐AT) and liver were investigated. Male rats were fed a high‐sucrose diet (SU diet), containing either sunflower oil or a mixture of sunflower and fish oil (SU–FO diet), and the control group was fed a standard diet. After 13 weeks, liver, adipose tissue and blood were harvested and analysed. The dietary n‐3 LCPUFAs prevented sucrose‐induced increase in adiposity and serum free fat acids, serum and hepatic triacylglycerol and insulin levels. Furthermore, these n‐3 LCPUFAs decreased lipid synthesis from glucose and increased PEPCK activity in the Ep‐AT of rats fed the SU–FO diet compared to those fed the SU diet, besides reducing lipid synthesis from glucose in hepatic tissue. Thus, the inclusion of n‐3 LCPUFAs in the diet may be beneficial for the prevention or attenuation of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and for reducing the risk of related chronic diseases. Copyright