Lixiang Yan

E-commerce and International Trade

The huge market demand for high quality paperwork processing in international trade gives the birth of e-commerce, and meanwhile, e-commerce brings a powerful momentum in promoting the development of international trade. E-commerce can promote international trade in several ways: decreasing the transaction cost, improving the trade quality and efficiency, increasing trade opportunity, supplying new trade means. However, these advantages are not unsolicited, and an essential question of “how to employ them properly” is still needed to be answered.

Network Application Psychology

Psychology often applies in the fields of education, management, business activities, etc. There is no denying the fact that psychology provides guidance to the activities mentioned above and plays a vital role in working processes. With the development of electronic commerce, some interactive virtual community activities such as virtual enterprise management, remote education, and online game are born. These virtual social activities create new features such as virtual, anonymous, no corresponding legally binding, moral constraints and so on. In such a virtual social environment, psychological activities of people will inevitably have some new characteristics. In order to guide and manage these psychological activities correctly and effectively, we should fully understand the law of psychology and study relative behaviours under virtual social environment. Network Application of psychology is analyzing the points above. The contents of this chapter can be summarized as following questions: Why the psychology of network application appeared? What are the issues concerning network interactive mentality, psychological and network application management under the networking environment? This chapter also analyses the potential regulations of psychology in the network communication.

E-commerce Architecture and System Design

E-commerce can only be conducted through an e-commerce system. Together with the embedded computer applications, e-commerce system plays an important role in the implementation of e-commerce. E-commerce system used to be a complicated piece of integration system, constructed under strict principles in order to make sure every parts work well. This chapter examines the data flow and the architecture of e-commerce system, and presents some basic principles, basic design methods that should be followed in designing an e-commerce system.

E-commerce and the Law

Dispute seems to be inevitable in commerce process, and the dispute, if any, must be justified by laws and rules. Commercial process must be guaranteed by relevant laws, so is the e-commerce which is just the computerization of traditional business. The disputes that we may encounter during e-commerce process may be very different from that we meet during traditional business process, though some of them may be very similar. So e-commerce needs its specific laws that can settle the disputes arising in e-commerce process. This chapter studies the problems that may arise during e-commerce transaction and possible solutions of them. These issues should be paid more attentions from related departments. Finally, the Electronic Signature Law of the People’s Republic of China will be briefly introduced.

E-commerce Case Analysis

Case Study Analysing is arguably the best way for students to understand and reinforce theoretical knowledge learnt previously. Through business real case analysis, Case analysis can make us deeply understand e-commerce. We could also collect the creative methods that most e-commerce enterprises adopted to solve the problems they faced, and take them as reference samples or paradigms in our own e-commerce system design. This chapter provides a few typical e-commerce cases abstracted from several industries to demonstrate the way of how to analyse e-commerce cases.

E-commerce and Tax

Tax is the main fiscal revenue source of a nation, and it gives the government sufficient resource to management, macro-control and stabilize the economy. E-commerce makes it more difficult to identify the tax jurisdiction, tax base, taxable items of an e-commerce company. E-commerce tax is more difficult to manage, but it makes it easier for enterprises to evade and avoid tax. While bringing great development chance and economic benefits to enterprises, this issue brings challenge to tax management department at the same time. This chapter investigates the challenges that e-commerce brings to tax management departments, and the countermeasures that governments could implement, and the proposals that researchers presented.

Portal Site Design of Virtual Enterprise

Portal site is the gateway of e-commerce, served like the shopping window of commodities, and it also provides an interactive platform for customers to communicate with online seller. The quality of a portal site determines how well an enterprise is working on. Meanwhile, a good portal site can promote products, attracting customer to log-on constantly, checkout the latest development, receive comment from customers, and most importantly, deliver a positive image of the enterprise. The design of portal site is an important link of virtual enterprise construction. The layout design of the portal site plays a crucial element into the overall success of the e-enterprise. This chapter studies the design principles that should be followed when develop a portal site. This chapter employs an online shopping cart as a sample to show the design principles and how to optimize database inquiry.

Security Technologies in E-commerce

One of the key issues emerged in the process of transforming a traditional business into an electronic one is the security problem. Compared with tradition paper-aided transaction, information has to be transferred through public Internet network under the electronic environment. The record media of e-commerce has changed from paper to magnetic media. The characteristics that the information recorded on magnetic media can be easily copied, deleted and modified, and the openness of Internet result in that e-commerce information can be easily leaked, tampered, counterfeited and denied. In order to develop e-commerce, the confidentiality, integrity and authentication of e-commerce transaction data must be ensured. The technologies used to handle these issues mainly come from cryptography, and they include such technologies as encryption, authentication, hash, digital signature, firewall, intrusion detection etc. This chapter gives a brief description on those mentioned technologies which gives a basic understanding of how they work so that we can consciously apply these technologies to protect the security of e-commerce during the business process.

Network Enterprise Management

Network enterprise management can be viewed as an extension of traditional enterprise management theory and practices, therefore, most of the traditional management theories and practices can be applied on e-enterprise. Yet, network enterprise itself has its own characteristics, and these characteristics are embodied by supply chain management, logistics management and human resource management within the network enterprise. These characteristics appeal unique management theory and practice so as to manage network enterprises efficiently. We must extend traditional enterprise management theory or develop new management theory. This chapter investigates the characteristics that a network enterprise posses, hoping that they can attract the attentions of management researchers. It is very important for the researchers to explore new management theory and practice for network enterprise.

Computer System Integration and E-commerce

E-commerce system is a very complex system which integrates related hardware and software to achieve certain functionalities such as information display, exchange and processing. From a macro point of view, e-commerce system integration consists of two main parts: hardware integration and software integration. These integrations are very complicated processes during which some rules must be followed. This chapter discusses e-commerce integration problem, and focus on the discussion of the history of system integration, system integration rules, how to integrate related hardware and software.