Loic Le Dean

Transient initial phase in continuous culture of Isochrysis galbana affinis Tahiti

Starting microalgae continuous culture generally includes a preliminary batch culture to obtain sufficient cell density. It is possible to apply continuous regime from the beginning of the culture (IC mode) rather than to begin by an initial batch (IB mode). It is our purpose to check that both initial modes lead to identical steady-state cell characteristics. The microalga Isochrysis galbana affinis Tahiti was used for this comparative study. With an initial cell density o f5◊1 0 5 cell ml ‐1 and a dilution rate of about 1.0 d ‐1 , both IB and IC modes led to identical cell density once steady-state is reached between 6 and 8 d after inoculation in the two cases. Cell concentration of chlorophyll a and pheopigment a were found to be similar for IB and IC modes at steady-state. Initial culture conditions did not influence saturation irradiance and oxygen consumption rate, which were found to be 650 ± 143 µmol phot m ‐2 s ‐1 and 1.54 ◊ 10 ‐3 ±1 0 ‐5 µmol O2 ml ‐1 min ‐1 , respectively. At steady-state, nutrient cell uptakes were qN = 83.3 ± 2.0 fmol N cell ‐1 d ‐1 for NO3 ‐ and qP = 5.5 ± 0.4 fmol P cell ‐1 d ‐1 for H2PO4 ‐ and did not exhibit significant differences between IB and IC modes. Under the prevailing experimental conditions, results show that IC mode involved very similar steady-state cell characteristics when compared to IB mode subsequent steady-state. IC mode could be an attractive alternative especially for experimental laboratory studies, as it should lead to higher flexibility in starting continuous cultures.

Karyotype of the marine shrimp Penaeus indicus (Crustacea, Decapoda) established by using an image analysis system

Abstract A cytogenetic study was carried out in the shrimp Penaeus indicus using semi-automatic image analysis, a technique for chromosome morphometric measurements newly applied in crustaceans. The chromosomal analysis of nauplii revealed a modal diploid chromosome number of 2n = 88, confirmed by the modal haploid chromosome number of n = 44 found in adult testis. The chromosome pairing, automatically performed by a software application, revealed variations in the karyotypic formula, not only due to differences of chromosome condensation between metaphases. In eight metaphases karyotyped were counted 27 to 35 metacentric (M), 8 to 15 submetacentric (SM), and 1 to 4 subtelocentric (ST) pairs. No telocentric chromosome or secondary constrictions were observed. No sex chromosomes could be identified. The karyotypic formula proposed for P. indicus was 27 M + 13 SM + 4 ST.