Luan Demarco Fiorentin

Forest harvest scheduling plan integrated to the road network.

In industrial forest plantations, the spatial distribution of management units for harvest scheduling influences the timber production cost and the non-renewable resources consumption, due to issues related to transport logistic. In this context, this research aimed to formulate Integer Linear Programming (ILP) by means of the application of Floyd-Warshall network optimization algorithm to generate timber production routes, minimizing the production costs resulting from harvest activities and forest road maintenance. Then, scenarios were simulated considering different minimal harvest ages for Pinus spp. and Eucalyptus spp. stands. The planning horizon was five years with annual periodicity. The study area was 23,330 hectares of forests, located in Parana state (southern Brazil). We compared the simulated scenarios according to the following parameter indicators: harvest income, building road network and the production unit cost. The decreasing of the minimal harvest age reduces the mean production of management units scheduled to be harvested, in other hand, it requires fewer roads to be built, and consequently increases the production unit cost. The solutions obtained by using ILP models presented an optimality gap lower than 0.1%.

Análise Florística e Padrão Espacial da Regeneração Natural em Área de Floresta Ombrófila Mista na Região de Caçador, SC

The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of extensive cattle raising on floristic composition and diversity of natural regeneration in permanent preservation areas of Ombrophilous Mixed Forest in the municipality of Cacador, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data were collected in 32 temporary fixed area plots (4×17 m) distributed randomly in permanent preservation areas. We measured the collar diameter (10 cm) and total height of all individuals taller than 30 cm, with circumference at breast height smaller than or equal to 15.7 cm (diameter ≤ 5 cm). The floristic analysis showed 61 species, 52 genera and 30 botanical families. The areas without cattle presented diversity slightly higher than the areas with cattle. In general, the floristic composition, diversity and equability between areas with and without cattle were similar.

Análise Florística e Padrão Espacial da Regeneração Natural em Área de Floresta Ombrófila Mista na Região de Caçador, SC / Floristic Analysis and Spatial Pattern of Natural Regeneration in an Ombrophilous Mixed Forest Area, Municipality of Caçador, Santa Catarina State, Brazil

The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of extensive cattle raising on floristic composition and diversity of natural regeneration in permanent preservation areas of Ombrophilous Mixed Forest in the municipality of Cacador, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Data were collected in 32 temporary fixed area plots (4×17 m) distributed randomly in permanent preservation areas. We measured the collar diameter (10 cm) and total height of all individuals taller than 30 cm, with circumference at breast height smaller than or equal to 15.7 cm (diameter ≤ 5 cm). The floristic analysis showed 61 species, 52 genera and 30 botanical families. The areas without cattle presented diversity slightly higher than the areas with cattle. In general, the floristic composition, diversity and equability between areas with and without cattle were similar.

Prediction System for Diameter Distribution and Wood Production of Eucalyptus

The aim of the present study was to propose a prediction system to estimate the diameter distribution and wood production in unthinned eucalyptus clone plantations. Data was obtained from permanent sample units, with ages from 28 to 78 months. The Weibull distribution was used to estimate the frequency of the number of trees per diameter class. Models were used to relate the Weibull distribution coefficients with forest stand attributes. The forest stand variables most correlated with the Weibull distribution parameters were the minimum, medium, maximum and quadratic diameters and the dominant height. The projected frequency of tree numbers and the production by diameter class obtained by the system of equations did not differ statistically from the observed values evaluated by the t-test at 95% probability.

STRATEGIES FOR STEM MEASUREMENT SAMPLING: A STATISTICAL APPROACH OF MODELLING INDIVIDUAL TREE VOLUME

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes criterios para amostragem de fustes para medicao e identificar o criterio mais adequado para a modelagem do volume de arvore individual. Os dados foram coletados em povoamentos de eucalipto com idade entre 58 e 65 meses. O modelo de Schumacher-Hall foi aplicado em cinco criterios de amostragem, com nove variacoes (45 no total): 1) numero de arvores por classe diametrica, sendo (a) numero fixo, (b) proporcional a distribuicao do diâmetro amostral, ou (c) proporcional ao desvio padrao da amostra; 2) tamanho da amplitude da classe diametrica, que variou de 1,0 a 5,0 cm. As equacoes geradas em cada criterio foram usadas para estimar o volume de fuste de arvores reservadas para validacao. Isso permitiu calcular erros padroes da estimativa para esse conjunto de dados. Alem disso, os residuos das estimativas de volume foram examinados por meio de testes estatisticos para vies, autocorrelacao e heteroscedasticidade. Os resultados mostraram melhores performances de equacoes de volume usando menores amplitudes. Nao houve uma clara tendencia em aumentar/reduzir a autocorrelacao e/ou heteroscedasticidade dos residuos. Aquelas amostragens com proporcao a frequencia da classe diametrica apresentaram as melhores performances, inclusive usando apenas 36 arvores. Aquelas cuja escolha de arvores foi proporcional ao desvio padrao tiveram os piores resultados. Como conclusao, a selecao proporcional a frequencia da classe diametrica, sob condicao de amostrar pelo menos duas arvores por classe, fornece modelos estatisticamente superiores aos demais quanto aos criterios sugeridos no estudo.