Luciana Braz Peixoto

Study of the Myocardial Contraction and Relaxation Velocities through Doppler Tissue Imaging Echocardiography: A New Alternative in the Assessment of the Segmental Ventricular Function

OBJECTIVE Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) enables the study of the velocity of contraction and relaxation of myocardial segments. We established standards for the peak velocity of the different myocardial segments of the left ventricle in systole and diastole, and correlated them with the electrocardiogram. METHODS We studied 35 healthy individuals (27 were male) with ages ranging from 12 to 59 years (32.9 plus minus 10.6). Systolic and diastolic peak velocities were assessed by Doppler tissue imaging in 12 segments of the left ventricle, establishing their mean values and the temporal correlation with the cardiac cycle. RESULTS The means (and standard deviation) of the peak velocities in the basal, medial, and apical regions (of the septal, anterior, lateral, and posterior left ventricle walls) were respectively, in cm/s, 7.35(1.64), 5.26(1.88), and 3.33(1.58) in systole and 10.56(2.34), 7.92(2.37), and 3.98(1.64) in diastole. The mean time in which systolic peak velocity was recorded was 131.59ms (+/- 19.12ms), and diastolic was 459.18ms (+/- 18.13ms) based on the peak of the R wave of the electrocardiogram. CONCLUSION In healthy individuals, maximum left ventricle segment velocities decreased from the bases to the ventricular apex, with certain proportionality between contraction and relaxation (P<0.05). The use of Doppler tissue imaging may be very helpful in detecting early alterations in ventricular contraction and relaxation.

Double outlet right ventricle with anterior and left-sided aorta and subpulmonary ventricular septal defect

Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a heterogeneous group of abnormal ventriculoarterial connections where, by definition, both great arteries (pulmonary artery and aorta) arise primarily from the morphologically right ventricle. This condition affects 1-1.5% of the patients with congenital heart diseases, with a frequency of 1 in each 10,000 live births. We report the case of an 18-day-old infant with DORV and extremely rare anatomical features, such as anterior and left-sided aorta and subpulmonary ventricular septal defect (VSD). In addition to the anatomic features, the role of the echocardiogram for guiding the diagnosis and the surgical therapy of this congenital heart disease are discussed.

An Insignificant Flow That Intrigues Echocardiographers. Echocardiographic Pattern in 15 Cases of Coronary-Pulmonary Fistula and Literature Review

An Insignificant Flow That Intrigues Echocardiographers. Echocardiographic Pattern in 15 Cases of Coronary-Pulmonary Fistula and Literature Review Carlos Eduardo Suaide Silva,1 Vera Demarchi Aiello,2 Renata Rejane Linhares,1 Luciana Braz Peixoto,1 Mariane Daltrini Trandafilov Pimentel,3 Lucas Bercht,1 Fernanda Storti,1 Manuel Adán Gil,1 Claudia Gianini Monaco1 Diagnósticos da América SA (DASA-SP);1 Instituto do Coração, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo;2 OMNI-CCNI Medicina Diagnóstica,3 São Paulo, SP – Brazil

Comparison of Block-Matching and Optical Flow in Strain Echocardiography Analysis

Introdução: Diferentes tecnologias têm sido utilizadas para avaliar a função sistólica do ventrículo esquerdo. De particular interesse, está a ecocardiografia com strain bidimensional (2DSTE). Dois métodos diferentes têm sido usados para quantificar a deformação miocárdica (strain miocárdico) pela 2DSTE: block matching e optical flow. Ambos estão presentes em ecocardiógrafos comercialmente disponíveis. Entretanto, não há consenso a respeito se as medidas do strain longitudinal por estes métodos são sobreponíveis.

Measures of Endocardial and Epicardial Longitudinal Strain by the Technique of Xstrain®: Are there Differences between their Values?

Material e métodos: Foram avaliados 32 pacientes hígidos com idade média de 31,6 ± 9,8 anos, sendo 18 masculinos (56%). Utilizamos o ecocardiógrafo modelo MyLab60® da Esaote (Firenze, Itália) com sonda multifrequencial (1,5 MHz a 2,6 MHz), e programa de computador para realização das novas técnicas ecocardiográficas (MyLab Desk, v 8.0, Esaote). Mediu-se o strain nas camadas endocárdica e epicárdica aos cortes apicais de 2, 3 e 4 câmaras.