Luciano dos Santos Rodrigues

Freqüência de enteroparasitas em amostras de alface (Lactuca sativa) comercializadas em Lavras, Minas Gerais

The aim of this study was to evaluate the parasitological contamination in samples of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) commercialized in Lavras city, Minas Gerais. The samples of lettuce showed low hygienic conditions, indicated by the presence of parasites of animal or human origin and high concentration of fecal coliforms.

Avaliação da qualidade da água e percepção higiênico-sanitária na área rural de Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 1999-2000

In addition to personal interviews, laboratory analyses were performed using 80 water samples from 45 rural areas that are crossed by the Agua Limpa and Santa Cruz streams close to the city of Lavras, southern Minas Gerais State. The results allowed comparing the quality of water used for agriculture and the identification of determinant factors. The Agua Limpa stream mostly crosses an area used primarily for housing and characterized by low schooling. Many houses are supplied by shallow water wells and have ordinary cesspits for human waste disposal. All springs are polluted. The Santa Cruz stream displays a different scenario. The land is used mostly for agricultural purposes. Most owners live in town, with widely varied levels of school, from none to university. The houses are supplied by surface water. Most of the springs are polluted. The perception by both home and land owners concerning quality of the drinking water is determined solely by the waters physical and organoleptic characteristics. Sanitary parameters are not taken into account. Moreover, there is no relationship between fecal contamination and the type of spring. Land use and anthropic activity are far more important than the type of spring for water quality.

Evaluation of performance of UASB reactor in swine wastewater treatment

This research presents the development and evaluation of a system for treatment of swine wastewaters constituted by slat settler, followed by upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, at full scale. The UASB reactor was completely made of masonry and reinforced concrete. The evaluation of the treatment system was carried out through samples collected in the influent and effluent from the settler and UASB reactor. The following parameters were analyzed: temperature, pH, alkalinity, total volatile acids (VFA), suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), according to the methods established by the Standard Methods (APHA, 1998). The mean results of COD and BOD removal were 93 and 92%, respectively. The mean concentrations of COD, BOD and TSS in the final effluent were 790, 1818 and 854 g L-1, respectively. The volumetric organic load (VOL) in the UASB reactor ranged from 1.1 to 17.5 kg COD m-3 d-1. The system slat settler-UASB reactor showed itself to be a promising alternative for the treatment of swine wastewaters.

Avaliação de desempenho de lagoa de polimento para pós-tratamento de reator anaeróbio de manta de lodo (UASB) no tratamento de águas residuárias de suinocultura

The performance of a polishing pond for treating swine wastewater from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was evaluated. The system was assembled with a slat settler, followed by an UASB reactor, on a real scale, and a post-treatment pond, on a demonstration scale. The following parameters were analyzed: temperature, pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), total Kjedahl nitrogen (NTK), ammonia nitrogen (N-am.), organic nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total and thermotolerant coliforms. The polishing pond was highly efficient, removing an average of 58.9% of BOD, 60.1% of NTK, 57% of N-am., and 95.34% of thermotolerant coliforms.

Avaliação in vitro da eficiência de inóculos no tratamento anaeróbio de efluentes líquidos de suinocultura

The effect of seeding material (treatments) upon degrading liquid waste of swine was evaluated at different hydraulic retention times (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 hours). A commercial seeding material according to the recommended manufacture dosage, three alternative seeding materials based on bovine manure, chicken manure, and domestic sewage, all of them applied at the dosage of 5ml/l, and a control treatment (without seeding material) were used. An entirely randomized design was set to study the subdivided fragments using three repetitions. After each detention time, the following analyses have been performed: pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand, total solids, total volatile solid, settling solids, air and liquid temperatures. The commercial and alternative seeding materials based on chicken waste promoted a higher reduction of BOD than the other ones, 68.5% and 67.5%, respectively.

Eficiência de lagoas de polimento no pós-tratamento de reator UASB no tratamento de águas residuárias de suinocultura

The performance of a post-treatment pond for treating swine wastewater from an UASB reactor was evaluated. The system was assembled with an anaerobic baffle reactor (RAC), followed by an UASB reactor (UASB) on a real scale, and a post-treatment pond on a demonstration scale. The following parameters were analyzed: pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), ammonia nitrogen (N-am.), total phosphorus (Pt), total coliforms (CT) and Escherichia coli (E coli.). The post-treatment lagoons contributed efficiently to remove nutrients, organic matter and solids, providing an effluent quality for agricultural reuse or discharge into a body of water.

Impacts of urban solid waste disposal on the quality of surface water in three cities of Minas Gerais - Brazil

The environmental impact of three different urban solid waste facilities (USWF) on the quality of the surface water. The studied areas were the Campo Belo sanitary landfill (Varoes River), the controlled landfill of Santo Antonio do Amparo (Fabiano River), and the closed dump of Eloi Mendes (Mutuca River), which are cities located in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil were evaluated. At each sampling point water samples were collected at five occasions in the raining season (October - March) and in the dry season (April - June) at three sampling points: (P1) upstream the solid waste facility, (P2) downstream nearby the point of influx from the sewage treatment plant in the sanitary landfill, or at the drainage point from the surface flow of the dump and controlled landfill, and (P3) downstream the solid waste facility. Physicochemical and bacteriological analyses were performed, and the results were analyzed based on descriptive statistics. The data were also compared with reference values from the National Environmental Council (CONAMA) Resolution 357/2005 and were used to calculate the water quality index (WQI). It was not possible to detect a significant effect of the solid waste facility on the water quality indicators. The water conditions were unsatisfactory due to violations of the concentrations of phosphorus, ammonia, fecal coliform, and the biochemical oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand ratio (BOD/COD), probably related to other uses along the drainage area upstream the solid waste facility. These conditions were more critical in the Mutuca river, where the WQI was classified as bad during the entire period at all sampling points.

Tratamento de efluentes de abatedouro de frangos por meio de reator UASB seguido de filtro anaeróbio

O Brasil e um dos maiores produtores de aves do mundo e se destaca na exportacao de carne de frango, que tem papel relevante na economia do pais. Como resultado do crescimento da industria de processamento do frango, ha tambem um significativo aumento na geracao de efluentes. Uma alternativa interessante para o tratamento desses residuos sao os reatores anaerobios. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho do sistema reator UASB-Filtro anaerobio no tratamento de efluentes de abate de frangos. O estudo foi desenvolvido em um abatedouro avicola, situado na regiao metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. O sistema de tratamento foi composto por peneira estatica, caixa de gordura, reator UASB e filtro anaerobio. A vazao media diaria de efluentes do abatedouro foi de 30m³/dia. A carga orgânica aplicada no reator UASB foi de 0,71kg DQO/m³.d. O monitoramento do sistema foi realizado por meio de analises fisico-quimicas do afluente e dos efluentes da caixa de gordura, reator UASB e filtro anaerobio. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: temperatura, pH, demanda quimica de oxigenio (DQO), demanda bioquimica de oxigenio (DBO), solidos suspensos totais (SST), e solidos suspensos volateis (SSV). Os valores efluentes medios encontrados para DBO, DQO e SST foram 106, 290 e 56mg/L, respectivamente. A eficiencia de remocao do sistema para DBO variou de 83 a 99%, e para DQO de 50 a 98%. A eficiencia de remocao media de SST e SSV foi de 92%. Conclui-se que o sistema reator UASB seguido de filtro anaerobio apresentou alto desempenho na remocao de solidos e carga orgânica. Dessa forma, esses reatores tornam-se uma alternativa viavel para o tratamento de aguas residuarias de frigorificos, ja que oferecem bons resultados de remocao de poluentes.