Lucy Koechlin

Non-state actors as standard setters

1. Non-state actors as standard-setters: framing the issue in an interdisciplinary fashion Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin and Gretta Fenner Part I. New Actors and Processes in Contemporary Standard-Setting: 2. Local and regional non-state actors on the margins of public policy in Africa Dieter Neubert 3. Conceptualising the use of public-private partnerships as a regulatory arrangement in critical information infrastructure protection Dan Assaf 4. Standard-setting at the cutting edge: an evidence-based typology for multi-stakeholder initiatives Lucy Koechlin and Richard Calland 5. New standards for and by private military companies? Lindsey Cameron 6. Governance matters VII: aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007 Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi 7. Contending with illicit power structures: a typology Michael Miklaucic Part II. The Legitimacy and Accountability of Actors and Standards: 8. Democratic governance beyond the state: the legitimacy of non-state actors as standard-setters Steven Wheatley 9. Legitimacy, accountability and polycentric regulation: dilemmas, trilemmas and organisational response Julia Black 10. Accountability of transnational actors: is there scope for cross-sector principles? Monica Blagescu and Robert Lloyd 11. Non-state environmental standards as a substitute for state regulation? Marcus Schaper 12. Limiting violence - culture and the constitution of public norms: with a case study from a stateless area Till Forster Part III. The Authority and Effectiveness of Actors and Standards: 13. Standard-setting for capital movements: reasserting sovereignty over transnational actors? Peter Hagel 14. Certification as a new private global forest governance system: the regulatory potential of the forest stewardship council Stephane Gueneau 15. Private standards in the north - effective norms for the south? Eva Kocher 16. International corporate social responsibility standards: imposing or imitating business responsibility in Lithuania? Egle Svilpaite 17. Legal pluralism under the influence of globalisation: a case study of child adoption in Tanzania Ulrike Wanitzek 18. Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard-setters Anne Peters, Till Forster and Lucy Koechlin.

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters : framing the Issue in an Interdisciplinary Fashion

On all levels of governance, standard setting (norm formation or regulation), is no longer the exclusive domain of states or governmental authorities. The role and the capacity of increasingly diverse and polymorphous non-state actors involved in standard setting are expanding. Also, the processes by which norms are shaped are becoming more varied. Finally, the rapidly growing number of national, sub-national, and international standards has increased these standards’ diversity, but also regulatory overlap and norm conflicts. The context in which the proliferation of non-state actors’ standard setting occurs is well known. Globalisation, liberalisation and privatisation waves which swept the globe in the 1980s and 1990s have contributed to shifting the focus away from the state as the sole source of regulation. The result is the often referenced blurring of the public and the private sectors. The integration of national economies into a world economy has diminished or at least modified the authority of the state and has pushed its regulatory capacity to its limits both in substance and

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters: Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard setters

The three parts of this book have dealt with our le ad questions on non-state standard-setting: How can the relevant actors and processes be described and m pped? By what authority do they set standards? And are the processes and their outcome, the standa rds, effective and legitimate? The chapters comprised in this volume explore diffe rent facets of standard-setting, some looking at these questions from a more theoretical perspective , some discussing concrete case-studies in various fields. Given the diversity of actors and the diver sity of standard-setting processes, no single set o f necessary and sufficient conditions for guaranteein g the legitimacy, accountability, and effectiveness of non-state standard-setting could be identified. However, the importance of inclusiveness, transparency, and procedural safeguards has emerged as a common theme. Moreover, all chapters taken together have made abundantly clear that the phenomenon of non-state standard-setting forces us to question four boundaries which are used in le gal, sociological, and political analysis: The boundary between law and non-law, between the publi c sphere and the private sphere, between public law and private law, and between international, nat io l, and local law.

Secondary Cities and the Formation of Political Space in West and East Africa

Koechlin and Forster observe that while for decades the capital cities of African countries dominated developmental and academic interest, secondary cities are now attracting increased attention as a result of their rapid growth and increasing social, economic and political significance on a regional and national level. They are becoming important sites of social and political transformation. The authors draw on their ethnography from Korhogo (Cote d’Ivoire) and Kisumu (Kenya), two cities that play important roles in national politics and have experienced conflict and violence. Their comparative analysis seeks to tease out general insights into the formation of specific urbanities in secondary cities and their effects on social agency and democratic politics. They address the changing nature of social interactions and question what conditions they create inclusive, peaceful social spaces, and how and when political articulations tip into violence and exclusion.

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters: List of abbreviations

1. Non-state actors as standard-setters: framing the issue in an interdisciplinary fashion Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin and Gretta Fenner Part I. New Actors and Processes in Contemporary Standard-Setting: 2. Local and regional non-state actors on the margins of public policy in Africa Dieter Neubert 3. Conceptualising the use of public-private partnerships as a regulatory arrangement in critical information infrastructure protection Dan Assaf 4. Standard-setting at the cutting edge: an evidence-based typology for multi-stakeholder initiatives Lucy Koechlin and Richard Calland 5. New standards for and by private military companies? Lindsey Cameron 6. Governance matters VII: aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007 Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi 7. Contending with illicit power structures: a typology Michael Miklaucic Part II. The Legitimacy and Accountability of Actors and Standards: 8. Democratic governance beyond the state: the legitimacy of non-state actors as standard-setters Steven Wheatley 9. Legitimacy, accountability and polycentric regulation: dilemmas, trilemmas and organisational response Julia Black 10. Accountability of transnational actors: is there scope for cross-sector principles? Monica Blagescu and Robert Lloyd 11. Non-state environmental standards as a substitute for state regulation? Marcus Schaper 12. Limiting violence - culture and the constitution of public norms: with a case study from a stateless area Till Forster Part III. The Authority and Effectiveness of Actors and Standards: 13. Standard-setting for capital movements: reasserting sovereignty over transnational actors? Peter Hagel 14. Certification as a new private global forest governance system: the regulatory potential of the forest stewardship council Stephane Gueneau 15. Private standards in the north - effective norms for the south? Eva Kocher 16. International corporate social responsibility standards: imposing or imitating business responsibility in Lithuania? Egle Svilpaite 17. Legal pluralism under the influence of globalisation: a case study of child adoption in Tanzania Ulrike Wanitzek 18. Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard-setters Anne Peters, Till Forster and Lucy Koechlin.

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters: Acknowledgements

1. Non-state actors as standard-setters: framing the issue in an interdisciplinary fashion Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin and Gretta Fenner Part I. New Actors and Processes in Contemporary Standard-Setting: 2. Local and regional non-state actors on the margins of public policy in Africa Dieter Neubert 3. Conceptualising the use of public-private partnerships as a regulatory arrangement in critical information infrastructure protection Dan Assaf 4. Standard-setting at the cutting edge: an evidence-based typology for multi-stakeholder initiatives Lucy Koechlin and Richard Calland 5. New standards for and by private military companies? Lindsey Cameron 6. Governance matters VII: aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007 Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi 7. Contending with illicit power structures: a typology Michael Miklaucic Part II. The Legitimacy and Accountability of Actors and Standards: 8. Democratic governance beyond the state: the legitimacy of non-state actors as standard-setters Steven Wheatley 9. Legitimacy, accountability and polycentric regulation: dilemmas, trilemmas and organisational response Julia Black 10. Accountability of transnational actors: is there scope for cross-sector principles? Monica Blagescu and Robert Lloyd 11. Non-state environmental standards as a substitute for state regulation? Marcus Schaper 12. Limiting violence - culture and the constitution of public norms: with a case study from a stateless area Till Forster Part III. The Authority and Effectiveness of Actors and Standards: 13. Standard-setting for capital movements: reasserting sovereignty over transnational actors? Peter Hagel 14. Certification as a new private global forest governance system: the regulatory potential of the forest stewardship council Stephane Gueneau 15. Private standards in the north - effective norms for the south? Eva Kocher 16. International corporate social responsibility standards: imposing or imitating business responsibility in Lithuania? Egle Svilpaite 17. Legal pluralism under the influence of globalisation: a case study of child adoption in Tanzania Ulrike Wanitzek 18. Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard-setters Anne Peters, Till Forster and Lucy Koechlin.

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters: Index

1. Non-state actors as standard-setters: framing the issue in an interdisciplinary fashion Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin and Gretta Fenner Part I. New Actors and Processes in Contemporary Standard-Setting: 2. Local and regional non-state actors on the margins of public policy in Africa Dieter Neubert 3. Conceptualising the use of public-private partnerships as a regulatory arrangement in critical information infrastructure protection Dan Assaf 4. Standard-setting at the cutting edge: an evidence-based typology for multi-stakeholder initiatives Lucy Koechlin and Richard Calland 5. New standards for and by private military companies? Lindsey Cameron 6. Governance matters VII: aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007 Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi 7. Contending with illicit power structures: a typology Michael Miklaucic Part II. The Legitimacy and Accountability of Actors and Standards: 8. Democratic governance beyond the state: the legitimacy of non-state actors as standard-setters Steven Wheatley 9. Legitimacy, accountability and polycentric regulation: dilemmas, trilemmas and organisational response Julia Black 10. Accountability of transnational actors: is there scope for cross-sector principles? Monica Blagescu and Robert Lloyd 11. Non-state environmental standards as a substitute for state regulation? Marcus Schaper 12. Limiting violence - culture and the constitution of public norms: with a case study from a stateless area Till Forster Part III. The Authority and Effectiveness of Actors and Standards: 13. Standard-setting for capital movements: reasserting sovereignty over transnational actors? Peter Hagel 14. Certification as a new private global forest governance system: the regulatory potential of the forest stewardship council Stephane Gueneau 15. Private standards in the north - effective norms for the south? Eva Kocher 16. International corporate social responsibility standards: imposing or imitating business responsibility in Lithuania? Egle Svilpaite 17. Legal pluralism under the influence of globalisation: a case study of child adoption in Tanzania Ulrike Wanitzek 18. Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard-setters Anne Peters, Till Forster and Lucy Koechlin.

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters: Contents

1. Non-state actors as standard-setters: framing the issue in an interdisciplinary fashion Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin and Gretta Fenner Part I. New Actors and Processes in Contemporary Standard-Setting: 2. Local and regional non-state actors on the margins of public policy in Africa Dieter Neubert 3. Conceptualising the use of public-private partnerships as a regulatory arrangement in critical information infrastructure protection Dan Assaf 4. Standard-setting at the cutting edge: an evidence-based typology for multi-stakeholder initiatives Lucy Koechlin and Richard Calland 5. New standards for and by private military companies? Lindsey Cameron 6. Governance matters VII: aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007 Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi 7. Contending with illicit power structures: a typology Michael Miklaucic Part II. The Legitimacy and Accountability of Actors and Standards: 8. Democratic governance beyond the state: the legitimacy of non-state actors as standard-setters Steven Wheatley 9. Legitimacy, accountability and polycentric regulation: dilemmas, trilemmas and organisational response Julia Black 10. Accountability of transnational actors: is there scope for cross-sector principles? Monica Blagescu and Robert Lloyd 11. Non-state environmental standards as a substitute for state regulation? Marcus Schaper 12. Limiting violence - culture and the constitution of public norms: with a case study from a stateless area Till Forster Part III. The Authority and Effectiveness of Actors and Standards: 13. Standard-setting for capital movements: reasserting sovereignty over transnational actors? Peter Hagel 14. Certification as a new private global forest governance system: the regulatory potential of the forest stewardship council Stephane Gueneau 15. Private standards in the north - effective norms for the south? Eva Kocher 16. International corporate social responsibility standards: imposing or imitating business responsibility in Lithuania? Egle Svilpaite 17. Legal pluralism under the influence of globalisation: a case study of child adoption in Tanzania Ulrike Wanitzek 18. Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard-setters Anne Peters, Till Forster and Lucy Koechlin.

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters: Frontmatter

1. Non-state actors as standard-setters: framing the issue in an interdisciplinary fashion Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin and Gretta Fenner Part I. New Actors and Processes in Contemporary Standard-Setting: 2. Local and regional non-state actors on the margins of public policy in Africa Dieter Neubert 3. Conceptualising the use of public-private partnerships as a regulatory arrangement in critical information infrastructure protection Dan Assaf 4. Standard-setting at the cutting edge: an evidence-based typology for multi-stakeholder initiatives Lucy Koechlin and Richard Calland 5. New standards for and by private military companies? Lindsey Cameron 6. Governance matters VII: aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007 Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi 7. Contending with illicit power structures: a typology Michael Miklaucic Part II. The Legitimacy and Accountability of Actors and Standards: 8. Democratic governance beyond the state: the legitimacy of non-state actors as standard-setters Steven Wheatley 9. Legitimacy, accountability and polycentric regulation: dilemmas, trilemmas and organisational response Julia Black 10. Accountability of transnational actors: is there scope for cross-sector principles? Monica Blagescu and Robert Lloyd 11. Non-state environmental standards as a substitute for state regulation? Marcus Schaper 12. Limiting violence - culture and the constitution of public norms: with a case study from a stateless area Till Forster Part III. The Authority and Effectiveness of Actors and Standards: 13. Standard-setting for capital movements: reasserting sovereignty over transnational actors? Peter Hagel 14. Certification as a new private global forest governance system: the regulatory potential of the forest stewardship council Stephane Gueneau 15. Private standards in the north - effective norms for the south? Eva Kocher 16. International corporate social responsibility standards: imposing or imitating business responsibility in Lithuania? Egle Svilpaite 17. Legal pluralism under the influence of globalisation: a case study of child adoption in Tanzania Ulrike Wanitzek 18. Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard-setters Anne Peters, Till Forster and Lucy Koechlin.

Non-State Actors as Standard Setters: List of contributors

1. Non-state actors as standard-setters: framing the issue in an interdisciplinary fashion Anne Peters, Lucy Koechlin and Gretta Fenner Part I. New Actors and Processes in Contemporary Standard-Setting: 2. Local and regional non-state actors on the margins of public policy in Africa Dieter Neubert 3. Conceptualising the use of public-private partnerships as a regulatory arrangement in critical information infrastructure protection Dan Assaf 4. Standard-setting at the cutting edge: an evidence-based typology for multi-stakeholder initiatives Lucy Koechlin and Richard Calland 5. New standards for and by private military companies? Lindsey Cameron 6. Governance matters VII: aggregate and individual governance indicators 1996-2007 Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi 7. Contending with illicit power structures: a typology Michael Miklaucic Part II. The Legitimacy and Accountability of Actors and Standards: 8. Democratic governance beyond the state: the legitimacy of non-state actors as standard-setters Steven Wheatley 9. Legitimacy, accountability and polycentric regulation: dilemmas, trilemmas and organisational response Julia Black 10. Accountability of transnational actors: is there scope for cross-sector principles? Monica Blagescu and Robert Lloyd 11. Non-state environmental standards as a substitute for state regulation? Marcus Schaper 12. Limiting violence - culture and the constitution of public norms: with a case study from a stateless area Till Forster Part III. The Authority and Effectiveness of Actors and Standards: 13. Standard-setting for capital movements: reasserting sovereignty over transnational actors? Peter Hagel 14. Certification as a new private global forest governance system: the regulatory potential of the forest stewardship council Stephane Gueneau 15. Private standards in the north - effective norms for the south? Eva Kocher 16. International corporate social responsibility standards: imposing or imitating business responsibility in Lithuania? Egle Svilpaite 17. Legal pluralism under the influence of globalisation: a case study of child adoption in Tanzania Ulrike Wanitzek 18. Towards non-state actors as effective, legitimate, and accountable standard-setters Anne Peters, Till Forster and Lucy Koechlin.