Luís Fernando Pascholati Gusmão

Diversity of Brazilian Fungi

Ate 2010, o conhecimento sobre a diversidade de fungos do Brasil estava registrado em publicacoes esparsas de taxonomia e ecologia e em algumas poucas listas de especies. Com a publicacao do Catalogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil, e a disponibilizacao da lista online, tem sido possivel agregar o conhecimento disperso. A versao ora apresentada acrescenta 2.111 nomes de especies aos 3.608 listados em 2010. Sao citadas 5.719 especies de fungos distribuidas em 1.246 generos, 102 ordens e 13 divisoes, consistindo em consideravel aumento em relacao a 2010, quando estavam registrados 924 generos e 78 ordens. Predominam os Basidiomycota (2.741 especies, em 22 ordens) e Ascomycota (1.881 especies, em 41 ordens). A Mata Atlântica possui a maior quantidade de registros, com 3.017 especies, seguido pela Amazonia (1.050), Caatinga (999), Cerrado (638) e Pampa e Pantanal com 84 e 35 especies, respectivamente. A regiao Nordeste tem a maior riqueza (2.617 especies), seguida pelo Sudeste (2.252), Sul (1.995), Norte (1.301) e Centro Oeste (488 especies). Em relacao aos Estados da Federacao, Sao Paulo (1.846 especies), Pernambuco (1.611) e Rio Grande do Sul (1.377) sao os mais diversos.

Riqueza de espécies de fungos conidiais em duas áreas de Mata Atlântica no Morro da Pioneira, Serra da Jibóia, BA, Brasil

The fragment of Atlantic Forest at Serra da Jiboia, municipality of Santa Terezinha, Bahia state, is a priority area for conservation. Five expeditions were undertaken every two months, from October/2005 to June/2006, in order to investigate the fungi that decompose leaf litter in this ecosystem. Thirty samples of plant debris (leaves, petioles, twigs and bark) were collected in three parcels of 10 m2, 10 m from each other, in two areas with different vegetation and humidity. Samples were washed in tap water and incubated in moist chambers for 30 days; during this period fungal structures on substrates were studied and 106 species of conidial fungi were identified. In spite of the similar number of species, there was low similarity (25%) between the communities of conidial fungi of the two areas according to Sorensens Index. These data increase our knowledge regarding the distribution and diversity of conidial fungi that colonize plant debris in the Atlantic Forest and confirm species richness in the areas studied.

Fungos conidiais do bioma Caatinga II. Novos registros para o continente americano, Neotrópico, América do Sul e Brasil

During inventory of conidial fungi at Serra da Fumaca, Pindobacu, Bahia State, and Brazil, 44 species were found. Five species are new records for Americas: Dendryphiosphaera parvula Nawawi & Kuthub., Diplococcium dendrocalami Goh, K.D Hyde & Umali, Sporidesmiella aspera Kuthub. & Nawawi, S fusiformis W.P. Wu, and Triposporium verruculosum RF Castaneda, Gene & Guarro. Stanjehughesia hormiscioides (Corda) Subram. is a new record for Neotropics; Hemibeltrania decorosa RF Castaneda & WB Kendr. is a new record for South America and Spadicoides macroobovata Matsush is a new record for Brazil. Descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution and comments are presented for new records. A list of species founded is included too.

Fungos conidiais na Caatinga: espécies associadas ao folhedo

An inventory of conidial fungi was carried out in six areas of extreme biological importance within the Caatinga biome. Seventy four species were collected, with seven new records for Brazil. Heliocephala zimbabweensis Decock, V. Robert & Masuka is recorded for the second time for the world, Sporidesmium verrucisporum M.B. Ellis is new to the American continent, Dicyma vesiculifera Piroz., Fusariella concinna (Syd.) S. Hughes, F. obstipa (Pollack) S. Hughes, Phaeostalagmus tenuissimus (Corda) W. Gams and Sporidesmiella claviformis P.M. Kirk are new to South America; Falcocladium sphaeropedunculatum Crous & Alfenas, Myrmecridium schulzeri var. schulzeri (Sacc.) Arzanlou, W. Gams & Crous, Pseudodictyosporium wauense Matsush. and Repetophragma inflatum are new to the Brazilian semi-arid region. Four species were recognized as new, Brachysporiellina fecunda S.M. Leao, A.C. Cruz, R.F. Castaneda & Gusmao, Diplococcium verruculosum A.C. Cruz, Gusmao & R.F. Castaneda, Lobatopedis longistriatum A.C. Cruz, Gusmao, S.M. Leao-Ferreira & R.F. Castaneda, Subramaniomyces pulcher A.C. Cruz, Gusmao & R.F. Castaneda and were published separately. The new records are described, illustrated and commented. A list including all other collected species is presented.

Alguns fungos conidiais aquáticos-facultativos do bioma Caatinga

During study of conidial fungi on submerged plant debris in Serra da Fumaca and Serra da Jiboia, Bahia, 17 species were identified. These species included five new records: Actinocladium verruculosum for the American continent, Xylomyces aquaticus for the Neotropics, Actinocladium longiramosum and Dischloridium inaequiseptatum for South America and Cacumisporium pleuroconidiophorum for Brazil. Descriptions, illustrations, geographic distributions and comments are provided for the aforementioned species and a list of all of the species is included.

Fungos anamórficos (Hyphomycetes) da Chapada Diamantina: novos registros para o Estado da Bahia e Brasil

(Anamorphic fungi (Hyphomycetes) from the Chapada Diamantina: new records from Bahia State and Brazil). The anamorphic fungi are characterized by production of asexual reproductive structures and are common inhabitants of the leaf litter, where they play an important role in decomposition. The aim of this work was to survey the anamorphic fungi associated with leaf litter from Chapada Diamantina, B ahia state. Thirteen expeditions took place from December/2002 to October/2003 to collect leaf litter. The serial washing technique with sterile distilled water followed by incubation in moist chambers was utilized to verify the presence of anamorphic fungi. Permanent slides of the reproductive structures of specimens were prepared with PVL resin and deposited at the HUEFS Herbarium. Of the 57 species of anamorphic fungi identified, nine represent new records in Bahia state, and five in Brazil, as follows: Fusariella atrovirens (Berk.) Sacc., Kiliophora ubiensis (Caneva & Rambelli) Kuthub. & Nawawi, Paraceratocladium silvestre Castaneda, Pleurotheciopsis setiformis Castaneda and Triscelophorus deficiens (Matsush.) Matsush. Comments and geographic distribution are included for the new records in Bahia; descriptions and illustrations of the new records in Brazil are presented.

Novos registros de Hyphomycetes decompositores para o Estado da Bahia, Brasil

Leaf litter from Clusia melchiorii Gleason and C. nemorosa G. Mey. was collected bimonthly at Serra da Jiboia, state of Bahia, from October/2005 to June/2006. The leaves were washed with tap water and maintained in a moist chamber for 30 days. The fungal structures were collected and mounted in permanent slides with PVL. Descriptions and illustrations of seven new records of Hyphomycetes from Bahia state are presented [Beltrania querna Harkn., Clonostachys compactiuscula (Sacc.) D. Hawksw. & W. Gams, Dictyosporium elegans Corda, Gyrothrix verticiclada (Goid.) S. Hughes & Piroz., Pseudobotrytis terrestris (Timonin) Subram., Sporendocladia bactrospora (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf. and Stachybotrys parvispora S. Hughes].

Some Freshwater Fungi from the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region, Including Two New Species of Hyphomycetes

Abstract A preliminary study on freshwater fungi in a stream in the Brazilian semi-arid region was performed. Samples of submerged plant debris were randomly collected every three months from 2007 to 2009 in a small stream surrounded by riparian vegetation in the “Serra da Jibóia” Bahia state. We described and illustrated two new species of hyphomycetes, Dactylaria saccardoana and Quadracaea stauroconidia, and reported one hundred and fifty-one taxa that consist of both meiosporic and mitosporic fungi.

Fungos anamórficos (Hyphomycetes) no Semi-árido do Estado da Bahia, Brasil

During a survey of the anamorphic fungi associated with leaf litter of different plants from the semi-arid region of Bahia state, 23 species belonging to 19 genera were found. One species is recorded for the first time for Bahia and three for Brazil, respectively: Drechslera victoriae (F. Meehan & H.C. Murphy) Subram. & B.L. Jain, Ochroconis crassihumicola (Matsush.) de Hoog & Arx, Pyricularia caffera Matsush. and Tretopileus sphaerophorus (Berk & M.A. Curtis) Hughes & Deighton. Descriptions, comments and illustrations are provided for these species.

Fungos conidiais na Caatinga: espécies lignícolas

An inventory of the conidial fungi was carried in six areas of extreme biological importance of the Caatinga biome. Forty one species were identified: Dactylaria cazorlii Mercado, Gene & Guarro and Thozetella queenslandica Paulus, P.Gadek & K.D. Hyde are described the second time for science; Ellisembia bambusae (M.B. Ellis) W.P. Wu, Gonytrichum mirabile Hol.-Jech., Uberispora tropicalis Bhat & W.B. Kendr. constitute new records for the American continent; Acrophragmis coronata Kiffer & Reisinger, Bactrodesmium linderi (J.L. Crane & Shearer) M.E. Palm & E.L. Stewart, Piricauda cochinensis (Subram.) M.B. Ellis, Taeniolella alta (Ehrenb.) S. Hughes are new records for South America; Sporoschisma saccardoi E.W. Mason & S. Hughes and Stachylidium bicolor var. bicolor Link are new records for Brasil and Paraceratocladium bacilliformis Calduch, Stchigel, Gene & Guarro is a new record for the Brazilian semi-arid region. The new records are described, illustrated and commented and a check list with all species found is included.