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Dive into the research topics where Luís Reino is active.

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Featured researches published by Luís Reino.


Aquatic Sciences | 2011

Complex size-dependent habitat associations in potamodromous fish species

José Maria Santos; Luís Reino; Miguel Porto; João M. Oliveira; Paulo Pinheiro; P. R. Almeida; Rui Cortes; Maria Teresa Ferreira

Knowledge of the distribution of species life stages at multiple spatial scales is fundamental to both a proper assessment of species management and conservation programmes and the ability to predict the consequences of human disturbances for river systems. The habitat requirements of three native cyprinid species—the Iberian barbel Barbus bocagei Steindachner, the Iberian straight-mouth nase Pseudochondrostoma polylepis (Steindachner), and the Northern straight-mouth nase Pseudochondrostoma duriense (Coelho)—were examined at 174 undisturbed or minimally disturbed sites in 8 river catchments across western Iberia, by modelling occurrence and counts of species life stages at two spatial scales—large (regional) and instream (local)—using hurdle models. All the life stages of the barbel showed a negative association with upstream high-gradient river reaches, whereas juvenile P. duriense favoured such areas. Stream width and openness were negatively related with the occurrence of juvenile and small adult barbel, but not with large adults. Juvenile nase, on the other hand, were found to be mainly confined to fast-flowing habitats with high instream cover and coarser substrata. Advanced life stages of the barbel were mainly associated with the “pure” regional and shared components, whereas the purely local attributes accounted for much of the model variation among nases, in particular juveniles, and juvenile barbel. The results of this study are useful for setting or refining management goals, and highlight the need to separately consider life stages when performing conservation-related studies of species distribution.


Journal of Ornithology | 2005

Variation partitioning for range expansion of an introduced species: the common waxbill Estrilda astrild in Portugal

Luís Reino

The common waxbill Estrilda astrild was first introduced to Portugal, from Africa, in 1964, from where it has spread to much of the country and to Spain. We modelled the expansion of this species on a 20×20-km UTM grid in 4-year periods from 1964 to 1999. Colonisation process on a grid was modelled as a function of several biophysical and spatio-temporal variables through the fitting of several multiple logistic equations. Variation partitioning confirmed the importance of the spatial-temporal component, explaining 33% of the total variation, followed by the combined effects of both environmental and spatial-temporal variables (around 25%). Only 11% of the total variation can be attributed strictly to the considered environmental factors.


Ecology and Evolution | 2017

Combined effects of landscape composition and heterogeneity on farmland avian diversity

Joana Santana; Luís Reino; Chris Stoate; Francisco Moreira; Paulo Flores Ribeiro; José Lima Santos; John T. Rotenberry; Pedro Beja

Abstract Conserving biodiversity on farmland is an essential element of worldwide efforts for reversing the global biodiversity decline. Common approaches involve improving the natural component of the landscape by increasing the amount of natural and seminatural habitats (e.g., hedgerows, woodlots, and ponds) or improving the production component of the landscape by increasing the amount of biodiversity‐friendly crops. Because these approaches may negatively impact on economic output, it was suggested that an alternative might be to enhance the diversity (compositional heterogeneity) or the spatial complexity (configurational heterogeneity) of land cover types, without necessarily changing composition. Here, we develop a case study to evaluate these ideas, examining whether managing landscape composition or heterogeneity, or both, would be required to achieve conservation benefits on avian diversity in open Mediterranean farmland. We surveyed birds in farmland landscapes of southern Portugal, before (1995–1997) and after (2010–2012) the European Unions Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform of 2003, and related spatial and temporal variation in bird species richness to variables describing the composition, and the compositional and configurational heterogeneity, of the natural and production components of the landscape. We found that the composition of the production component had the strongest effects on avian diversity, with a particularly marked effect on the richness of farmland and steppe bird species. Composition of the natural component was also influential, mainly affecting the richness of woodland/shrubland species. Although there were some effects of compositional and configurational heterogeneity, these were much weaker and inconsistent than those of landscape composition. Overall, we suggest that conservation efforts in our area should focus primarily on the composition of the production component, by striving to maximize the prevalence of biodiversity‐friendly crops. This recommendation probably applies to other areas such as ours, where a range of species of conservation concern is strongly associated with crop habitats.


Landscape Ecology | 2016

Landscape makers and landscape takers: links between farming systems and landscape patterns along an intensification gradient

Paulo Flores Ribeiro; José Lima Santos; Joana Santana; Luís Reino; Pedro J. Leitão; Pedro Beja; Francisco Moreira

ContextAgricultural intensification is a leading cause of landscape homogenization, with negative consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Conserving or promoting heterogeneity requires a detailed understanding of how farm management affects, and is affected by, landscape characteristics.ObjectivesWe assessed relationships between farming systems and landscape characteristics, hypothesising that less-intensive systems act as landscape takers, by adapting management to landscape constraints, whereas more intensive systems act as landscape makers, by changing the landscape to suit farming needs.MethodsWe mapped dominant farming systems in a region of southern Portugal: traditional cereal-grazed fallow rotations; specialization on annual crops; and specialization on either cattle or sheep. We estimated landscape metrics in 241 1-km2 buffers representing the farming systems, and analysed variation among and within systems using multivariate statistics and beta diversity metrics.ResultsLandscape composition varied among systems, with dominance by either annual crops (Crop system) or pastures (Sheep), or a mixture between the two (Traditional and Cattle). There was a marked regional gradient of local landscape heterogeneity, but this contributed little to variation among systems. Landscape beta diversity declined from the Sheep to the Crop system, and it was inversely related to agriculture intensity.ConclusionsLess intensive farming systems appeared compatible with a range of landscape characteristics (landscape takers), and may thus be particularly suited to agri-environmental management. More intensive systems appeared less flexible in terms of landscape characteristics (landscape makers), likely promoting regional homogenization. Farming systems may provide a useful standpoint to address the design of agri-environment schemes.


Bird Conservation International | 2015

Effects of hunting management on Mediterranean farmland birds

Jesús Caro; Miguel Delibes-Mateos; Alba Estrada; Rui Borralho; Luís Gordinho; Luís Reino; Pedro Beja; Beatriz Arroyo

This study was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (PRAXIS/C/AGR/11062/1998) and by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development through the project HUNT(212160, FP7- ENV-2007-1), and contributes to the project CGL2009-13029 from the Spanish Ministry of Science.


Science Advances | 2017

Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban

Luís Reino; Rui Figueira; Pedro Beja; Miguel B. Araújo; César Capinha; Diederik Strubbe

European Union’s ban on trade in wild-caught birds both reduces and redistributes bird invasion risk globally. Wildlife trade is a major pathway for introduction of invasive species worldwide. However, how exactly wildlife trade influences invasion risk, beyond the transportation of individuals to novel areas, remains unknown. We analyze the global trade network of wild-caught birds from 1995 to 2011 as reported by CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). We found that before the European Union ban on imports of wild-caught birds, declared in 2005, invasion risk was closely associated with numbers of imported birds, diversity of import sources, and degree of network centrality of importer countries. After the ban, fluxes of global bird trade declined sharply. However, new trade routes emerged, primarily toward the Nearctic, Afrotropical, and Indo-Malay regions. Although regional bans can curtail invasion risk globally, to be fully effective and prevent rerouting of trade flows, bans should be global.


Journal of Applied Ecology | 2017

Using beta diversity to inform agricultural policies and conservation actions on Mediterranean farmland

Joana Santana; Miguel Porto; Luís Reino; Francisco Moreira; Paulo Flores Ribeiro; José Lima Santos; John T. Rotenberry; Pedro Beja

Summary Spatial variation in species composition (β-diversity) is an important component of farmland biodiversity, which together with local richness (α-diversity) drives the number of species in a region (γ-diversity). However, β-diversity is seldom used to inform conservation, due to limited understanding of its responses to agricultural management, and lack of clear links between β-diversity changes and conservation outcomes. We explored the value of β-diversity to guide conservation on farmland, by quantifying the contribution of bird α- and β-diversity to γ-diversity variation in low- and high-intensity Mediterranean farmland, before (1995–1997) and after (2010–2012) the Common Agricultural Policy reform of 2003. We further related β-diversity to landscape heterogeneity, and assessed the conservation significance of β-diversity changes. In 1995–1997, bird diversity was highest in low-intensity farmland, where it further increased in 2010–2012 due to a strong positive contribution of α-diversity to γ-diversity. In high-intensity farmland, diversity converged over time to much the same values of low-intensity farmland, with strong positive contributions of both α- and β-diversity. These patterns were largely consistent for total, farmland and species of European conservation concern assemblages, and less so for steppe birds. Beta diversity increased with landscape heterogeneity, particularly related to spatial gradients from agricultural to natural habitats in low-intensity farmland, and from annual to permanent crops (olive groves) in high-intensity farmland. The first gradient was associated with the replacement of steppe birds of high conservation concern by more generalist species, while the second was associated with the replacement between species with lower or higher affinity for woodland and shrubland habitats. Synthesis and applications. In low-intensity farmland, spatial variation in species composition (β-diversity) was largely stable over time, reflecting a positive conservation outcome related to persistence of landscape heterogeneity patterns required by endangered steppe bird species. In contrast, β-diversity in high-intensity farmland was favoured by increases in landscape heterogeneity driven by olive grove expansion, contributing to enhancement of total bird diversity. Overall, our results stress the value of β-diversity to understand impacts of agricultural policies and conservation actions, but also highlight the need to evaluate β-diversity changes against specific conservation goals.


ZooKeys | 2016

The collection of birds from São Tomé and Príncipe at the Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical of the University of Lisbon (Portugal).

Miguel Pessoa Monteiro; Luís Reino; Martim Melo; Pedro Beja; Cristiane Bastos-Silveira; Manuela Ramos; Diana Rodrigues; Isabel Queirós Neves; Susana Consciência; Rui Figueira

Abstract The former Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical-IICT (Lisbon, Portugal), recently integrated into the University of Lisbon, gathers important natural history collections from Portuguese-speaking African countries. In this study, we describe the bird collection from the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, which was fully taxonomically checked and georeferenced. The IICT bird collection contains 5598 specimens, of which 559 are from São Tomé and Príncipe, representing 85 taxa, including 19 endemic species and 13 endemic subspecies of birds. The specimens were collected between 1946 and 1973, although 43% of the records are from 1954 and 45% are from 1970. The geographic distribution of samples covers the whole territory, with a higher number of records from São Tomé than from Príncipe. The districts with highest number of records are Pagué (equivalent to Príncipe Island), and Água Grande and Mé-Zochi on São Tomé. Despite the relatively low number of specimens per taxon, the importance of the collection is considerable due to the high number of endemic and threatened species represented. Furthermore, it adds valuable information to the GBIF network, especially for a country whose two islands are each an Endemic Bird Area and for which substantial gaps in ornithological knowledge remain.


Biologia | 2016

Status of the rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri in Lisbon, Portugal

Álvaro Luna; Miguel Pessoa Monteiro; Elsa Asensio-Cenzano; Luís Reino

Abstract Of all alien parrots, the rose-ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri is the most successful invasive species, with established populations in at least 35 countries. This paper reports a study, conducted from March to August 2015, on the population size in Lisbon (Portugal) using roost counts. We found only one important roost for this parrot in Campo Grande, where a maximum of 644 individuals were counted in July. The recorded information suggests that this species has increased considerably since the last counts done. The present status of this species in the city may lead to a further expansion into new nearby areas.


ZooKeys | 2014

The collection and database of Birds of Angola hosted at IICT (Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical), Lisboa, Portugal.

Miguel Pessoa Monteiro; Luís Reino; Pedro Beja; Michael S. L. Mills; Cristiane Bastos-Silveira; Manuela Ramos; Diana Rodrigues; Isabel Queirós Neves; Susana Consciência; Rui Figueira

Abstract The bird collection of the Instituto de Investigação Cientítica Tropical (Lisbon, Portugal) holds 5598 preserved specimens (skins), mainly from Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Principe, and Cape Verde. The subset collection from Angola includes 1560 specimens, which were taxonomically revised and georeferenced for the publication of this data paper. The collection contains a total of 522 taxa, including 161 species and 361 subspecies. Two species are classified by the IUCN Red List as Endangered - the wattled crane (Grus carunculata) and the Gabela bush-shrike (Laniarius amboimensis) - and two are classified as vulnerable - African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) and the white-headed vulture (Trigonoceps occipitalis). The temporal span of the database ranges between 1943 and 1979, but 32% are from years 1958–1959, and 25% from years 1968–1969. The spatial coverage of the collection is uneven, with 2/3 of the records representing only four of the eighteen provinces of the country, namely Huíla, Moxico, Namibe and Cuanza Sul. It adds, however, valuable information for the Huíla area of the Angolan Scarp, which is probably a biodiversity hotspot of global conservation priority. Furthermore, this georeferenced database adds invaluable bird information to the GBIF network, for one of the countries with highest but less known biodiversity in Africa.

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Rui Morgado

Instituto Superior de Agronomia

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Rui Borralho

Instituto Superior de Agronomia

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José Lima Santos

Instituto Superior de Agronomia

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Paulo Flores Ribeiro

Instituto Superior de Agronomia

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