Luís Vicente Baptista

Population and Urban Density: Lisbon in the 19th and 20th Centuries

In terms of population, Lisbon has always been the largest Portuguese town. In the seven hundred years between the conquest of Lisbon from the Moors and the last population census, Lisbon’s inhabitants increased in number from about 5,000 to 700,000, after reaching a maximum of 800,000 at the beginning of the 1980s (see table in page 50).

Mudar de casa em Lisboa: perfis socioeconômicos da recente mobilidade residencial

As mudancas que tem ocorrido recentemente na cidade de Lisboa estao associadas, em grande medida, as dinâmicas de mobilidade residencial, suas causas e consequencias. A escolha da area de residencia, determinada por fatores economicos, sociais, culturais e psicologicos, resulta numa alteracao gradual da estrutura social da cidade e dos padroes de ocupacao do territorio. Este artigo, partindo dos dados de um inquerito realizado aos municipes de Lisboa entre 2016 e 2017, procura contribuir para melhor compreender essas mudancas, analisando as dimensoes territorial e temporal da mobilidade, assim como os perfis socioeconomicos dos residentes mais antigos e dos novos. Perante a diversidade de experiencias de mobilidade residencial, recorreu-se a analise multivariada para definir cinco perfis com caracteristicas sociais distintas.

Public Spaces: Interactions, Appropriations, and Conflicts

The authors begin the chapter with the contemporary discussion on the crisis of public spaces and use a Simmelian regarding to focus on two dimensions of this debate. First, the meaning of the thesis that argues the death of the public areas of large cities. Then, the relevance of the category public spaces, using the diversity of types of spaces and types of interaction that are associated with and try to show why they cannot be reduced and homogeneously represented. Hence, from research conducted in Brazil and Portugal, the authors illustrate the various dimensions of public spaces with examples of conflicts and appropriations from its everyday uses.

Report on National Sociological Associations in Europe

ABSTRACT As the official journal of the ESA, European Societies was asked to publish this report because of its special interest for the readers. This is a slightly shortened version of the first report on National Sociological Associations which was submitted to the European Sociological Association in November 2014. A series of relevant tables can be found on the ESA site: http://www.europeansociology.org/national-associations.html.ABSTRACT: This report presents the results of a survey on the National Associations of Sociology in Europe conducted in the years 2012–2013 by the European Sociological Association (ESA) under the auspices of its Committee for National Associations. The National Associations of Sociology were progressively established and institutionalized throughout the twentieth century, each one reflecting the political circumstances of the European Continent at the time. Of the 40 associations surveyed, 10% were in existence in 1950, which shows that the consolidation of the associative movement of sociologists in Europe is generally quite recent and gradually built up over the course of a century or more. The size of each association in terms of numbers of members is a key dimension in understanding how sociology is organized throughout Europe. The same may be said of the difficulties encountered when establishing the ESA as recently as 1992. The results of the survey show that the European sociological community is the aggregate of several parallel currents going back well over a hundred years. Each current has generated as many tributaries as there are individual academic and professional corporations operating in the dozens of countries where sociology has been able to take root and develop, whilst favoured – or sometimes opposed – by university and social policies, governments and public or private bodies. Moreover, each country has its own story to tell about the particular claims and losses, its ups and downs, advances and set-backs that sociology as a discipline has experienced.

Domain-splitting generalized nogoods from restarts

The use of restarts techniques associated with learning nogoods in solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) is starting to be considered of major importance for backtrack search algorithms. Recent developments show how to learn nogoods from restarts and that those nogoods are essential when using restarts. Using a backtracking search algorithm, with 2-way branching, generalized nogoods are learned from the last branch of the search tree, immediately before the restart occurs. In this paper we further generalized the learned nogoods but now using domain-splitting branching and set branching. We believe that the use of restarts and learning of domain-splitting generalized nogoods will improve backtrack search algorithms for certain classes of problems.