Luisa Andronie

Quality of Meat and Some Meat Products Manufactured at SC Ferma Zootehnica SRL Baia Mare

During a period of 6 months beginnings with October 2016 until March 2017, were analysed meat products such as: Haiducesc smoked chest, Premium jambon, as well as semi-smoked assortments: Pork salami, Pintea salami and Pancetta salami obtained at SC. “Ferma Zootehnică” SRL Baia Mare. The results are reported at 100 g of product and were as follow: Haiducesc smoked chest: 31.87% water, 3.2 g salt, 2.51 mg nitrites; Premium jambon: 32.16% water, 3.38 g salt, 2.78 mg nitrites; Pork salami: 53.2% water, 2.13 g salt, 2.32 mg nitrites; Pintea salami: 51.8% water, 2.21 g salt, 2.95 mg nitrites; Pancetta salami: 46.08% water, 2.21 g salt, 2.04 mg nitrites. The obtained values fit in the allowed limits of the European norms STAS 6352/1-88 and 6353-85, therefore the products obtained are very good quality.

Mathematical Modeling of Feed Rations Using Solver Software

Animal nutrition is a very large area of study where mathematical modeling is a success, as in many areas. In addition to shaping the main physiological processes underlying the farm animals yielding, the objective function optimization issue (i.e. total expenditure on fodder) arises both in terms of protein and vitamin’s intake of nutrients and in terms of their cost. Optimising feed rations through mathematical modeling monitors the amount of food an animal needs throughout the day, so that the objective function (also called goal function of efficiency function) be minimum or maximum depending on the problem requirements. In order to solve mathematical model one needs fodder varieties that are part of the fodder basis and this feed (in kg) must be purchased or produced, and the solving method we use is the Solver tool of Microsoft Office Excel software . In order to optimize the objective function one should observe the following restrictions concerning the provisioning of total feed expressed in nutrients: provisioningof the necessary fodder by groups of fodder, observing proportions in fodder structure by groups of fodder, complying with fodderplants culture technologies and taking into account the availability of land designated for the forage and fodder crops. The mathematical model consists of three parts: the system of restrictions, non-negativity conditions and objective function. This paper shows the effectiveness of the Solver IT tools in dealing with many linear programming issues, including the establishment of feed rations as ensuring a good and well balanced food in terms of nutrition ensures both a good maintenance of the animals and an increased production.

Physical–chemical parameters and the level of heavy metals in cow milk in the Baia Mare area

Heavy metals are important pollutants in the environment and can cause problems for the organisms, and the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the food chain can have adverse effects on human health. Regulations on the legally accepted amounts of heavy metals in food and in the body are very precise. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the level of heavy metals in cow milk from different localities in the Baia Mare area, considered a very polluted area. The physical–chemical parameters and heavy metals in milk were determined. The determination of heavy metals in milk was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry or ICP– MS used to identify and quantify the Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn elements. The highest concentrations of Pb were observed in samples collected in Firiza locality with an average value of (43.22±0.62) (μg/L) and the lowest concentrations are for the samples analyzed in Săcălăşeni (11.53±0.33) (mg/L) (μg/L). Cd in milk did not show very large variations between localities, so the lowest concentrations were recorded in Săcălăşeni (4.32±0.13) and the highest ones were observed in the locality Firiza (10.93±0.39) (μg/L). The highest concentrations were observed for the Zn in milk, with an interval between (2255.20±7.14) (μg/L) in Săcălăşeni and (3855.80±5.11) (μg/L) for the analyzed samples from Firiza. Keyword: milk, fat, proteins, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb.