Luiz Domingos Costa

Origem social dos parlamentares paranaenses (1995-2006): alguns achados e algumas questões de pesquisa

This article intends to draw a socioeconomic and educational profile of the deputies of the state of Parana, from 1995 to 2006, following suggestions found in literature. Next, the paper considers the hypothesis that there is some relationship between the ideological position of the political parties (left-right) and the social origin of the surveyed deputies, within the context of Parana. To conclude, the article provides suggestions for research, which, if they are implemented, would further advance the study of the regional and national political elites.This article intends to draw a socioeconomic and educational profile of the deputies of the state of Parana, from 1995 to 2006, following suggestions found in literature. Next, the paper considers the hypothesis that there is some relationship between the ideological position of the political parties (left-right) and the social origin of the surveyed deputies, within the context of Parana. To conclude, the article provides suggestions for research, which, if they are implemented, would further advance the study of the regional and national political elites.

Os senadores-empresários: recrutamento, carreira e partidos políticos dos empresários no Senado brasileiro (1986-2010)

This article analyzes legislative recruitment of senators who used to be businessmen before entering politics under current Brazilian democracy. We examine whether, as established for the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies, this kind of professional politician settles mostly in the parties on the right of the ideological spectrum and whether or not the connection between their social backgrounds and the parties they take part eventually shorten their ways to the Senate. For that, we use descriptive analysis of occupation, education, and political career data of 240 senators elected between 1986 and 2010. Our data show that even though they belong to Center and Right parties, senators who were businessmen do not have shorter careers, showing that the pattern of political career for that office is different from that observed for the Chamber of Deputies.

Enlarging the Playing Field: Political Circulation of Brazilian Senators in the First Republic

The article analyzes the career patterns of Brazilian senators during the First Republic. It explores whether there is any relationship between the establishment of a structure of political opportunities and the recruitment patterns of this segment of the parliamentary elite. The aim is to assess the circulation among the political positions attained before reaching the position of Senator. The research consists of the systematic observation of the biographies of the 851 holders of senatorial mandates from the 21st legislature (1890/1891) to the 37th senatorial term (1934/1937). Results suggest that the political careers of senators extended in time and have become more diverse in terms of the political instances they encompassed. The new institutional framework, with more positions facing electoral competition and the strengthening of state-level policy, has intensified political circulation among government levels (municipal, state and federal) and the decision-making arenas (executive and legislative). These results show that the legislative recruitment patterns identified in the literature devoted to the second half of the 20th century were already outlined by the senatorial political elite of the First Republic.

Regime político e recrutamento parlamentar: um retrato coletivo dos senadores brasileiros antes e depois da ditadura

O artigo reconstitui os perfis coletivos das bancadas do Senado brasileiro em tres periodos: a democracia populista (1945-1964), a ditadura militar (1964-1979) e o regime de transicao para a democracia liberal (1979-1990). Esse intervalo de tempo compreende tres sistemas partidarios: multipartidario (1945-1965), bipartidario (1965-1979) e multipartidario (de 1979 em diante). A hipotese testada e a seguinte: variacoes no perfil social e no perfil da carreira politica de parlamentares devem estar relacionadas com o tipo de regime politico e, mais especificamente, com o regime de partidos em vigor. No caso aqui analisado, supoe-se que os atributos dos membros do Senado brasileiro, eleitos sob um sistema onde concorrem multiplos partidos, deva ser diferente dos atributos dos eleitos sob o bipartidarismo, ainda que as regras eleitorais (sistema majoritario) permanecam constantes. Para analisar o impacto das mudancas nas condicoes de acesso a Câmara Alta foram estudados 351 senadores. Os dados revelaram que esses representantes tiveram o perfil das suas carreiras afetado pelas variacoes nos parâmetros da competicao politica impostas pelo regime ditatorial-militar. O estrangulamento da estrutura de oportunidades, um efeito direto do sistema de dois partidos, foi responsavel por alijar concorrentes sem altissima experiencia politica. Com a reintroducao do pluripartidarismo nas eleicoes de 1982, as caracteristicas das carreiras desses parlamentares retomaram o perfil anterior a 1964.

O Sistema Partidário no Paraná: do Personalismo à Estruturação

This work seeks to identify general characteristics of the party system of the state of Parana, Brazil, i.e., its evolution, main organisations and systemic trends. The text aims at demonstrating that the environment of personalism and growing fragmentation were no obstacles to the system’s consolidation around the historical antagonism between PMDB/PT and PSDB/DEM. In doing so, we suggest that once the personalism of the most important leaders at the state level was consolidated in opposite ideological fields, it slowly moved towards the polarisation of the national dispute, becoming able to define state policies around which regularly orbited some of the parties that are relevant in the local scenario. The never-ceasing PDT´s movement between these two blocs is the counter side of the system, which reserves some space for entering and exiting of the blocks for those parties that do not achieve the capacity of formulation of policies and the promotion of competitive candidates.