Luiz Sérgio Merlini

Prevalência de enteroparasitoses na população do município de Maria Helena, Paraná

The epidemiological study on intestinal parasites has the purpose of determining the main diseases and their respective etiologic agents, which are endemically or epidemically spread worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the enteroparasitosis infection prevalence, in which age group they prevail, relating the infection with age, gender, and the region in which the person lives, in the city of Maria Helena - PR. Data collection was performed from June of 2004 to May of 2006. 431 samples of feces were analyzed through the spontaneous sedimentation and centrifugal fluctuation methods. The enteroparasitosis prevalence was of 16%, being the most frequent enteroparasitosis: Endolimax nana (6.5%), Entamoeba coli (3.5%), Giardia lamblia (6.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1.4%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.7%), Entrobius vermicularis (0.7%), Anchylostomiasis (0.2%), Entamoeba hystolitica and Taenia sp (0.2%). Poly-parasitism was found in 3.2% of the samples. The age group from 0 to 9 years presented the highest prevalence, however there was no statistical difference among the analyzed factors since p>0.05. From these results, it was possible to conclude that the city presents similar characteristics both in rural and urban zones.

ASPECTOS EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DOS PACIENTES NOTIFICADOS COM TUBERCULOSE NA MICRORREGIÃO DE UMUARAMA – NOROESTE PARANAENSE DE 2009 A 2014

Tuberculosis is an infectious and transmissible disease caused by the aerobic bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis or by any of the seven species that integrate this complex. It primarily affects the lungs, and although it may also affect other organs, its pulmonary presentation is the most frequent and relevant for public health, since it is the main form of transmission of the disease. The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological aspects of the cases of patients notified with tuberculosis at the Notification of Aggravation Information System (SINAN) at the 12th Regional Health Department of the Umuarama microregion in the state of Paraná from 2009 to 2014. During the period, a total of 533 patients with tuberculosis were reported, 64.4% were male, 35.3% were aged 40-59 years, 29.3% had incomplete elementary education, 93% lived in urban areas, 81.6% of cases presented the pulmonary form, 6.2% prevalence of TB/ HIV coinfection, 4.2% treatment dropout rate, 3.2% death due to the disease, 1 case of multi-resistance and a cure percentage of 68.0%. The results emphasize the high cure rate of patients who underwent treatment, as well as reflecting on the importance and necessity of proposing educational programs for the population with primary prevention measures, since 4.2% of the cases abandoned the treatment, with the individual remaining a source of transmission of the disease in this micro-region.

Physical, chemical and biological aspects of the urine of sows in a certificated swine reproduction farm in the city of Toledo, Paraná, Brazil

Urinary tract infection in sows is among the main reproduction problems because of its influences on productivity of the herd, affecting mainly the general health of sows and has considerable increase in the replacement rate. Thus, it is considered as the most important endemic disease in the sow in the production phase. The aim of this study was to determine the physical, chemical and microbiological aspects of the urine of sows from a certified reproductive farm in the city of Toledo, Parana, Brasil, and later isolate and identify the pathogens present and perform an antibiogram of the samples. Urine samples from 100 sows were evaluated, performing physical-chemical, microbiological and antibiogram examinations. Etiological agents isolated with greatest frequency were Escherichia coli (75%), Salmonella sp. (19%) and Proteus vulgaris (6%). All samples were negative for Actinobaculum suis. The most effective antibiotics in controlling urinary tract infection was ceftiofur (77%) and gentamicin (73%). However, those presenting greater resistance were lincomycin (100%). In the physical examination of the urine samples, a total of 59% were light yellow in color. Under chemical evaluation, there was absence (100% negative) of uribilinogen, glucose, ketone bodies and bilirubin, and the presence (positivity) of protein (3%), nitrite (83%) and blood (1%). In general, the mean density was 1.015. The pH did not present variation, and remained neutral in all samples. Key words: Urinary tract infection, sows, productivity, antibiogram.