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Featured researches published by Lukas Otto.


Journal of Media Psychology | 2013

Effects of Repeated Exposure to Science TV Shows on Beliefs About Scientific Evidence and Interest in Science

Joachim Retzbach; Andrea Retzbach; Michaela Maier; Lukas Otto

For scientific laypersons, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the concept of scientific evidence. Prior research shows that the media tend to underrepresent the tentativeness and uncertainty of research findings. Yet presently it remains unclear whether beliefs about the certainty or uncertainty of scientific evidence are affected by the mass media’s science coverage. In this study, we tested cultivation effects of features from German science TV shows on laypersons’ beliefs about science and their interest in science. A sample of adults (N = 700) representative of the German population in terms of age, sex, and education participated in a longitudinal field experiment with an extended Solomon four-group design (two experimental and three control groups). The treatment consisted of six successive media stimuli, which portrayed scientific evidence as either certain or uncertain, over the course of 6 weeks. Results indicate media effects on participants’ beliefs about the certainty of scien...


Communications | 2016

Mediated and moderated effects of personalized political communication on political trust

Lukas Otto; Michaela Maier

Abstract Although most scholars agree that media exposure affects political trust, it is unclear which kind of media contents do so and how these effects come about. Personalized media coverage is especially suspected of having negative effects on political trust. In our study, we empirically analyze the relationship between exposure to personalized media contents, general trust, trust in journalistic assessment and trust in politicians using a model of moderated mediation. This model is tested in an online experiment exposing subjects to media stimuli which portray political actors in an unpersonalized, an individualized or a privatized way. Results indicate that only privatized media coverage causes negative effects on trust in politicians. However, recipients with low levels of general trust are not affected by either treatment, while subjects with high general trust levels lose trust in politicians when being exposed to privatized contents. Moreover, effects of privatized stimuli are mediated by trust in journalistic assessment, indicating a spiral of mistrust towards public institutions.


Public Understanding of Science | 2016

Measuring the perceived uncertainty of scientific evidence and its relationship to engagement with science

Joachim Retzbach; Lukas Otto; Michaela Maier

Many scholars have argued for the need to communicate openly not only scientific successes to the public but also limitations, such as the tentativeness of research findings, in order to enhance public trust and engagement. Yet, it has not been quantitatively assessed how the perception of scientific uncertainties relates to engagement with science on an individual level. In this article, we report the development and testing of a new questionnaire in English and German measuring the perceived uncertainty of scientific evidence. Results indicate that the scale is reliable and valid in both language versions and that its two subscales are differentially related to measures of engagement: Science-friendly attitudes were positively related only to ‘subjectively’ perceived uncertainty, whereas interest in science as well as behavioural engagement actions and intentions were largely uncorrelated. We conclude that perceiving scientific knowledge to be uncertain is only weakly, but positively related to engagement with science.


Archive | 2018

Everyday Dynamics of Media Skepticism and Credibility

Lukas Otto; Fabian Thomas; Michaela Maier

Within this chapter we attempt to clarify (1) whether media skepticism and information credibility are rather stable or transient variables and (2) the causal relationship between generalized attitudes towards the media (media skepticism) and more specific evaluations of news items (credibility). We conducted an ambulatory assessment study to measure everyday media consumption and investigate short-term dynamics as well as the relationship between credibility and media skepticism. Results indicate that information credibility is a rather transient variable, depending on the situation, while media skepticism is more stable across different measurement occasions. Moreover, our findings show that credibility judgments are generalized to attitudes towards the media as a whole and, vice versa, media skepticism determines specific trust judgments in a mutual relationship.


Communications | 2018

Personalization 2.0? – Testing the personalization hypothesis in citizens’, journalists’, and politicians’ campaign Twitter communication

Lukas Otto; Isabella Glogger; Michaela Maier

Abstract This paper advances the research on personalization of political communication by investigating whether this process of focusing on politicians instead of political issues plays a role on Twitter. Results of a content analysis of 5,530 tweets posted in the run-up to the German federal election provide evidence that Twitter communication refers more often to politicians than to issues. However, tweets containing personal characteristics about political leaders play only a marginal role. When distinguishing among different groups of actors on Twitter (journalists, politicians, citizens), we find that citizens focus more on candidates than do journalists or politicians. Investigating the impact of a televised debate on Twitter communication, we observe that this person-centered event puts the focus on individual politicians instead of issues.


Archive | 2017

Die Bedeutung von Emotionen für die Rezeption der TV-Debatte 2013

Ines C. Vogel; Lukas Otto

Traditionell liegt der Fokus der Medienwirkungsforschung bei TV-Duellen auf kognitiven Variablen oder Verhaltensvariablen. Im Gegensatz dazu steckt die Erforschung von emotionalen Wirkungen von TV-Debatten noch in den Kinderschuhen. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht diese Forschungslucke zu schliesen und zu klaren, inwiefern positive und negative emotionale Zustande durch das TV-Duell ausgelost oder verandert werden konnen und wie bestimmte emotionale Reaktionen mit Kandidatenbewertungen und dem Interesse am Wahlkampf zusammenhangen. Ausgehend von prominenten Theorien aus der Emotions- und Medienpsychologie (z. B. Theorie der affektiven Dispositionen, Theorie der affektiven Intelligenz) zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass auch das als „nuchtern“ geltende Format der TV-Debatte sich deutlich auf das emotionale Erleben von Zuschauern auswirkt: Negative Emotionen bezogen auf beide Spitzenkandidaten reduzieren sich deutlich nach Ansehen des TV-Duells. Beim Erleben positiver Emotionen gibt es hingegen Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Spitzenkandidaten: Positive Emotionen bezogen auf Angela Merkel mindern sich nach Rezeption des TV-Duells, wohingegen positive Emotionen bezogen auf Peer Steinbruck sich deutlich steigern. Im Einklang mit den zugrunde gelegten Theorien zeigt sich weiterhin, dass Sympathie, subjektive Erwartungen bezuglich des Abschneidens der Kandidaten bei der TV-Debatte und die subjektiv wahrgenommene Debattenleistung das emotionale Erleben der Versuchsteilnehmer beeinflussen.


Archive | 2017

„Deutschlandkette statt Sachkompetenz“: Führt die Rezeption des TV-Duells zu einer personalisierten Wahrnehmung von Politik?

Michaela Maier; Lukas Otto; Katharina Disch; Carlo Ruppert

TV-Duellen wird haufig vorgeworfen, dass Sie die Spitzenkandidaten oder gar deren unpolitische Eigenschaften in unzulassiger Weise in den Vordergrund des Wahlkampfes rucken. Diese Phanomene, die unweigerlich mit der Diskussion um TV-Duelle verknupft sind, werden haufig unter dem Schlagwort Personalisierung der Politik zusammengefasst. Die zugrundeliegende Idee ist, dass das Duell und die Fernsehbilder der Politikerinnen und Politiker ein „priming“ a) auf die Spitzenkandidaten und b) deren unpolitische Eigenschaften verursachen. In diesem Kapitel wird daher untersucht, ob Personen, die das TV-Duell als audiovisuellen Stimulus verfolgen eine hohere Kandidatenorientierung aufweisen, als Personen, die das TV-Duell lediglich horen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Kandidaten im Vergleich zu Sachthemen rezeptionsbegleitend eine grosere Rolle spielten. D. h. auf die Frage, woran sie wahrend der Debatte gedacht hatten, nannten die Probanden wesentlich haufiger kandidatenbezogene Aspekte als Sachthemen. Hier zeigte sich auch die angenommene grosere Relevanz von Personenbezugen in der Audio-Videogruppe. Bezuglich der Frage, welche Bedeutung politisch relevante, im Verhaltnis zu politisch nicht relevanten Eigenschaften, bei der Beschreibung und Bewertung der beiden Kanzlerkandidaten hatten, zeigen die Ergebnisse einerseits, dass die Gedanken der Rezipienten in beiden Experimentalgruppen vor allem um politisch relevantes Verhalten kreisten. Dabei war der Anteil der politisch relevanten Nennungen in der Audio-Videogruppe sogar signifikant hoher als in der Audiogruppe. Diese Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der Personalisierungsforschung eingehend diskutiert.


Journal of Nanoparticle Research | 2011

Public understanding of science and the perception of nanotechnology: the roles of interest in science, methodological knowledge, epistemological beliefs, and beliefs about science

Andrea Retzbach; Joachim Marschall; Lukas Otto; Michaela Maier


International Journal of Public Opinion Research | 2014

Measuring Traits and States in Public Opinion Research: A Latent State-Trait Analysis of Political Efficacy

Frank M. Schneider; Lukas Otto; Daniel Alings; Manfred Schmitt


Communication Theory | 2017

The Softening of Journalistic Political Communication: A Comprehensive Framework Model of Sensationalism, Soft News, Infotainment, and Tabloidization

Lukas Otto; Isabella Glogger; Mark Boukes

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Michaela Maier

University of Koblenz and Landau

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Isabella Glogger

University of Koblenz and Landau

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Andrea Retzbach

University of Koblenz and Landau

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Joachim Retzbach

University of Koblenz and Landau

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Mark Boukes

University of Amsterdam

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Daniel Alings

University of Koblenz and Landau

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Fabian Thomas

University of Koblenz and Landau

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Joachim Marschall

University of Koblenz and Landau

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